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Biomedical subjects

H Brody

Publications and source records attributed to H Brody.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Dietitians' role in decisions to withhold nutrition and hydration.

Decisions to limit nutrition and hydration in irreversibly or terminally ill patients are becoming more frequent in both hospitals and home-care settings. Although clear-cut principles or rules are not always possible, appropriate decisions about any form of life-sustaining treatment, nutrition and hydration included, require conducting a productive moral conversation within the medical management team and/or the institutional ethics committee. In this article, we discuss how dietitians can participate in these medical decisions.

Dietetics↗
PubMed1990

Futility and the ethics of resuscitation.

Recent recommendations that physicians be allowed to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation, without patient consent, from patients for whom it would be futile have drawn objections that such unilateral judgments would undermine respect for patient autonomy. These objections assume that since futility determinations involve value judgments, patient input is always required. However, certain sorts of value judgments must be made unilaterally by physicians as part of reasonable medical practice. Moreover, the mixed messages inherent in requesting patient consent to withhold futile therapy serve to undermine rather than to enhance autonomous choice. Real patient interests can better be saved by a broad public dialogue around judgments of medical reasonableness and medical futility, rather than concern for the form but not the substance of patient autonomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Living wills in Michigan. Why the time is right.

This issue of Michigan Medicine marks a turning point in MSMS posture regarding advance directives ("living wills"). For many years, MSMS has discussed the issue and has supported legislation, more or less behind the scenes. We are now involved in a more proactive stance, trying to encourage more discussion and wider use of these devices, whether or not legislation is enacted. In this article I will: 1) review some basic terms and ethical principles; 2) recount the deliberations of the MSMS Committee on Bioethics on this topic; and 3) indicate why the time is now ripe for more action by Michigan physicians.

Advance Directives↗
PubMed1989

Electrophoretic karyotype of Aspergillus nidulans.

An electrophoretic karyotype of Aspergillus nidulans has been obtained using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis. Six chromosomal bands were separated, with two of the bands migrating as doublets. Using the Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes as size standards, we estimate the sizes of the chromosomes to be between 2.9 and 5.0 megabase pairs (mb) with a total genome size of approximately 31 mb. Four of the eight genetic linkage groups were assigned to chromosomal bands by hybridization of contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel blots with various radiolabeled probes each specific to a particular linkage group. Contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel analysis of reciprocal translocation strains gave chromosomal assignments for the four remaining linkage groups. In order of decreasing size, the A. nidulans chromosomes are: VIII (5.0 mb), VII (4.5 mb), II (4.2 mb), I and V (3.8 mb), III and VI (3.5 mb), and IV (2.9 mb).

Aspergillus nidulans↗
PubMed1989

Use of the isocitrate dehydrogenase structural gene for attachment of e14 in Escherichia coli K-12.

The e14 element appears to be integrated into the Escherichia coli K-12 isocitrate dehydrogenase structural gene (icd). In being integrated, it replaced the last 52 codons of the gene with a closely related sequence. The two versions of the icd gene produce proteins of the same length but differ by 12 base substitutions that would cause two conservative amino acid replacements.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Attachment site of the genetic element e14.

The Escherichia coli K-12 genetic element, e14, contains a 216-base-pair region that is homologous to a portion of the host chromosome. This region serves as the integration site for the element. The 216-base-pair homology is interrupted by 28 mismatches distributed through the sequence. The actual integrative crossover occurs within the first 11 base pairs from one end of the region. To test factors which affect e14 site-specific recombination, we cloned the attachment sites of free e14 and the host chromosome into the same plasmid. The cloned attachment sites recombined intramolecularly in a process that required the presence of a chromosomal copy of e14 in the host cell as well as the induction of SOS. Recombination events that mimicked both integration and excision occurred under the same conditions and to roughly the same extent.

Attachment Sites, Microbiological↗