Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Breining

Publications and source records attributed to H Breining.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Frequency, morphology, pathogenesis and complications of silicotic callosities (phthisis atra). A disappearing disease].

Over a period of approximately 30 years we have compared the frequency of Miner's phthisis in the coal mining areas of Aachen and the Ruhr area of Essen and have investigated a total of approximately 600 lungs with silicosis. In cases of silicosis grades II-III and III we found liquefaction in 36% of the callosities but in cases of silicosis I-II and II in only 4-7%. Liquefaction of callosities, or phthisis atra, was found slightly more often in the Ruhr area than in the area of Aachen. If the liquefied silicotic material is expectorated from the bronchial tubes, a cavern-like cavity develops in the lungs, which clinically can often not be differentiated from a tuberculotic cavern. Sometimes silicotic material is transported via the blood vessels and dust particles could often be found microscopically in the liver, spleen or kidneys. In one patient we found silicotic material coming from the bronchial veins with development of arterial embolisms in peripheral arteries of the extremities and brain. The pathogenesis of callosity liquefaction is a consequence of disruption of the blood supply to the surrounding areas of the callosities. In some cases blood vessels in the centre of the callosities are destroyed so that the patient dies after severe haemoptysis.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Gagel's granuloma (localized Langerhans cell histiocytosis) in the pituitary stalk.

A 46-year-old man with diabetes insipidus, hypothyroidism and hypocortisolism was found to have a tumor of the pituitary stalk. After transsphenoidal resection of the tumor substitution of cortisol and thyroxin was necessary. Pathological examination of the lesion revealed an extremely rare granulomatous infiltration classified as Gagel's granuloma (Langerhans' cell histiocytosis). Pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, differential diagnosis and treatment of such lesions are presented.

Diabetes Insipidus↗
PubMed1994

[Hepatocellular carcinoma following intravenous thorium X therapy].

Twelve years after receiving radiation therapy with thorium X (280 microCi) for long-standing Bechterew's disease (ankylosing spondylitis) a 52-year-old man was found, by ultrasonography and computed tomography, to have a round mass, 11 x 12 cm, in the left lobe of the liver. Laparoscopy discovered coarse, discoloured nodes on the surface of the right and left lobes of the liver which histologically showed hepatocellular carcinoma. There were no known risk factor for liver carcinoma (like cirrhosis, positive hepatitis B serology, alcohol abuse, haemochromatosis or alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency). As exploratory laparotomy found the tumour to be inoperable, 15 chemotherapeutic embolizations were performed. An abdominal wall metastasis was resected after 17 months. At the time of this report, 20 months after the diagnosis was first made, the patient is in a poor general condition. Internal radiotherapy with thorium X was used, all else having failed, in the treatment of severe ankylosing spondylitis. Although it is not possible to prove a direct causal relationship between the thorium X radiation and development of a liver carcinoma, the coincidence is remarkable.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1989

[Serous (microcystic) pancreatic adenoma].

Microcystic pancreatic adenoma is an extremely rare tumor, arising in exocrine pancreatic tissue, which may lead to severe abdominal pain. To date malignant transformation has not been reported. There is a conspicuous, statistically significant, association of microcystic pancreatic adenoma with various other diseases. This report describes a 57 year-old woman with associated clinical signs of scleroderma. Therapeutic modalities are primarily aimed at complete removal of the tumor, which may--depending on the localisation--require major pancreatic resections.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Hepatotoxicity of acetaldehyde in rats.

The ability of acetaldehyde to initiate hepatotoxicity as evidenced by enzyme leakage, hepatic fat accumulation and histological alterations was studied in rats. Neither oral nor intraperitoneal treatment with acetaldehyde had any hepatotoxic effect, even following aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition by disulfiram. This is probably due to the inability of exogenously added acetaldehyde to penetrate liver cell membranes. In contrast, acetaldehyde derived metabolically from ethanol was capable of inducing moderate hepatotoxicity when it accumulated upon pretreatment with disulfiram. Acetaldehyde may thus be partly responsible for alcohol-induced liver damage.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1987

[Benign and malignant breast tumors with squamous cell differentiation].

Three epidermal tumors with squamous celled differentiation are described. Two appeared as epidermoid cysts, the other was a squamous cell carcinoma in a 100 year old female patient. Epidermoid cysts of the breast are rare compared to lesions occurring in other regions of the human body. They are important, since malignant transformation is possible in 0.5 to 19 per cent of the patients. The mode of origin of squamous cell carcinomas is either metaplastic change in duct epithelium of the nipple or transformation of fibroadenomas or other, malignant tumors. Preoperative differentiation between benign and malignant epithelial cysts is almost impossible. Therefore local excision is the best treatment, since benign cysts, treated only by needle aspiration usually recur. Malignant cysts are best treated by radical amputation, because irradiation and chemotherapy are ineffective in the treatment of squamous celled lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Radiation-induced scars in mammography].

Six patients with radiation scars are described. In each case the diagnosis was confirmed histologically in five cases corresponding mammograms were available. The histological appearances of radiation scars are described and the radiological features are presented. These lesions can be diagnosed mammographically in vivo. Macroscopically differentiation from a scirrhous carcinoma is not possible and therefore a radiation scar must always be excised; this also leads to definitive cure. On mammographic screening the incidence is 0.5 to 0.9 per thousand. The significance of radiation scars depends on the fact that they are pre-cancerous and therefore are equivalent to the early diagnosis of a carcinoma with the possibility of a complete cure.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in amebic liver abscess].

Abscesses of the liver represent the most common complications of amebiasis. In general they are treated non-surgically by the aid of Metronidazol. Complications, however, such as perforations, development of fistulas or septicemia may occur and necessitate surgical intervention. The role of CT in diagnostic problems and therapeutic management is discussed in three different cases with respect to other diagnostic techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Myocardial infarction, cardiac rupture, and coronary insufficiency in the industrialised Ruhr valley. An autopsy study.

A retrospective study of autopsies was performed on patients who died of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in the industrialised Ruhr valley of West Germany. Groups were classified on the basis of the presence or absence of cardiac scar tissue, acute myocardial infarction and cardiac rupture. Severe coronary atherosclerosis was not a constant finding in IHD, and ranged from 57% of acute coronary insufficiency cases in women to 86% of recurrent infarction cases in men. During the period 1970 to 1979 recurrent infarction decreased in frequency, whilst hearts with scar tissue in the absence of fresh infarction (chronic progressive coronary insufficiency) became increasingly common. These two groups accounted for 72% of IHD deaths and were more common in men than in women. However, the incidence of first-time acute myocardial infarction and acute coronary insufficiency was higher in women than in men. The frequency of clinically known diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension was higher in women with IHD than in controls. Systemic hypertension was not commoner in cardiac rupture cases than in other cases of acute myocardial infarction. Cardiac rupture increased markedly in the latter half of the last decade so that since 1974 20% of all acute myocardial infarcts showed cardiac rupture. The incidence of first-time infarction as well as anterior infarction was significantly higher in cases of cardiac rupture than in acute infarction without rupture. The incidence of recent coronary thrombosis was low in recurrent myocardial infarction (23%), higher in first-time infarction (39%) and highest in cardiac rupture (59%). In men, this finding was significantly higher in acute infarction with rupture than in acute infarction without rupture (p less than 0.001). The view of coronary thrombosis as a secondary phenomenon in acute myocardial infarction is supported.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fatal Clostridium perfringens infection after normal term pregnancy.

We describe a case of fatal gas gangrene of the uterus after an apparently normal term pregnancy in a 22-year-old woman. The patient died less than 15 h after the onset of symptoms, which consisted of a single episode of vomiting and increasing hypogastric pain. Hypotension, tachycardia and renal failure were the dominant clinical features. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of uterine gas gangrene are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Influence of hypoxia on the hepatotoxic effects of carbon tetrachloride, paracetamol, allyl alcohol, bromobenzene and thioacetamide.

Exposure of rats to a reduced oxygen tension (6% O2, 94% N2) for 6 h increased the serum enzyme and the histological lesions induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Hypoxia did not enhance the hepatotoxic response to paracetamol, allyl alcohol, bromobenzene or thioacetamide. No correlation was found between the changes in hepatotoxicity induced by hypoxia and those after treatment with ethanol. Hepatic hypoxia therefore was not the pathogenetic mechanism responsible for ethanol-induced enhancement of hepatotoxicity.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1979

Morphologic and cell kinetic investigations of the spleen after repeated in situ freezing of liver and kidney.

In order to evaluate a possible primary or secondary immunologic response of the spleen after single or repeated in situ freezing of parenchymal organs such as liver and kidney within a four week period, light microscopic and cell kinetic investigations with tritiated thymidine were performed on spleens of non-germfree rats. Sham operations served as controls. The sham operations did not induce any significant morphological or cell kinetic changes in the splenic white pulp. After cryolesions were produced in the liver and kidney, the percentages of activated germinal centers, labeled germinal center cells, and cells in the perifollicular area of the lymphatic mantle and marginal zones increased, with maxima during the first 3 days. The investigations show that the cellular reaction of the spleen starts earlier and is more prominent after repeated in situ freezing than after a single cryolesion. These findings point to an immunologic response of the anamnestic type, and correspond to results after repeated freezing of normal and malignant tissue of the urogenital tract. These cell kinetic results are important in the evaluation of further immunologic studies involving the cryotherapy of malignant tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[A comparative morphological and enzyme-histochemical study of experimental pneumoconiosis and experimental allergic-hyperergic pulmonary granuloma (author's transl)].

Six endotracheal applications of 15 milligrams of cadmium sulfide (CdS) given to rats at weekly intervals induce pneumoconiosis with massive adhesions. The same quantities of lead sulfide (PbS) given under the same conditions have much less effect, causing only the formation of fairly small fibrous nodules. The tissue reactions to CdS and PbS were studied morphologically (light and electron microscope) and enzyme-histochemically. The results were compared with those observed in experimental anthracosilicosis in rats and with those seen in allergic-hyperergic reactions of the lung in guinea pigs (induced by several applications of the complete Freund adjuvans). A considerable increase in macrophages in the alveoli and interstices of the lungs with increased activity of acid phosphatase and oxydoreductases had occurred in every animal. None showed primary damage to type 2 pneumocytes. The results indicate that the two toxic agents differ in their capacity to induce fibrosis not because they interfere to a different degree with the clearing function of the lung or surfactant production, but because they differ in their capacity to stimulate fibroblast formation.

Acid Phosphatase↗