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Biomedical subjects

H Borberg

Publications and source records attributed to H Borberg.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse fibrosarcoma after interleukin 2 application.

Highly purified natural IL-2, obtained from induced human PBL's, was used to treat tumor-bearing mice. 3 X 10(6) vital cells of chemically induced fibrosarcoma BALB/c female Meth A were transplanted subcutaneously to female mice. Repeated injections of 10,000 U IL-2 into established tumors of 7-8 mm diameter led to complete rejections in 75% of the treated animals. Single intratumoral injections and other routes of the application of IL-2 did not significantly influence the tumor growth rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Plasma exchange treatment in chronic polyneuritis of the Guillain-Barré type. Experiences with 9 personal cases].

Following a review of pertinent literature, nine cases of chronic polyneuritis are reported, who underwent a total of 21 series of plasma exchange treatment during immunosuppressive medication. The effect of treatment was variable. Four out of 7 patients with relapsing and/or stepwise progressive disease demonstrated reproducible improvement of neurological signs. The three others responded to a lesser degree. Two patients with a chronic progressive course experienced only mild improvement. In general, the reaction to plasma exchange did not correlate with duration and severity of the previous clinical course, reaction to immunosuppressive drugs, or electrophysiological and morphological findings in muscle and nerve biopsies. Moreover, a clear correlation with pathogenic effects of patient-IgG in animal experiments ("passive transfer") was not discernible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Granulocyte transfusion as a part of compensation for a biological defect].

As compared to the widespread application of erythrocyte- and platelet transfusion, granulocyte substitution is still not without difficulties. In spite of the introduction of automated separation systems, the procurement of adequate numbers of granulocytes is not easy, mainly for numerical-technical reasons. Also, the need for an effective organizational background and a close functional connection of transfusion medicine and oncology are not appropriately observed. Whereas the results of studies investigating the prophylactic value of granulocyte transfusions remained negative, mainly due to an inadequate granulocyte dosage, the importance of earlier trials, demonstrating the therapeutic efficacy remains without objection, as subsequent studies also suffer from the transfusion of cells too low for clinical requirements. Granulocyte substitution is only one aspect of the biological defect compensation in the immunocompromised host. In spite of a reduced frequency of applications and the introduction of newer therapeutic developments, granulocyte transfusion, if sufficient cell numbers are applied, may well play a valuable role within the concept of biological defect compensation for the control of septicemia.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1983

[Thrombopoiesis, thrombocyte count and thrombocyte function before and following cell separation].

About 50% of the circulating platelets can be taken from healthy donors by means of the cell separation technique. In order to investigate the effect of cell separation on thrombopoesis bone marrow samples were taken from 12 voluntary donors up to 5 times. The megacaryocytes were analyzed before and after cell separation by morphometric measures and determinations of platelet count and platelet function (adhesion, aggregation, spreading, retraction) were carried out. Removing of large amounts of platelets form the circulation by stimulation of thrombopoesis resulted in an increase of the peripherical platelet count already 48 h after cell separation. Of the platelet functions tested only aggregation induced by collagen was found to be increased after cell separation as compared to that before the procedure.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1983

[Plasma exchange therapy in dermatologic diseases. Review of literature and personal experiences in psoriasis vulgaris].

High molecular pathogenic substances are eliminated from the blood by plasma exchange. Main indications are autoimmune disorders; the experiences with this therapy in dermatological disorders are reviewed. In psoriasis vulgaris immunoglobulins and antigen-antibody-complexes has been discussed as pathogenetic, too; we have therefore treated four patients with psoriasis by plasma exchange. Although we observed a surprising clinical improvement during the initial phase of therapy, the final results are not convincing.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Application of specific extracorporeal removal of low density lipoprotein in familial hypercholesterolaemia.

A highly selective method for the removal of apolipoprotein-B-containing serum lipoproteins (low density lipoproteins [LDL] and very-low-density lipoproteins [VLDL]) from hypercholesterolaemic patients by immunoadsorption in an extracorporeal system consists of separation of plasma from the blood cells by a blood-separation centrifuge, followed by the selective adsorption of LDL from the plasma effluent, from which high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and other plasma proteins are not removed, is returned to the patient with the blood cells. Three patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia, one homozygous and two heterozygous, were treated repeatedly during a period of 9 months. No undesirable side-effects or changes in clinical, chemical, haematological, or immunological parameters have yet been observed. The new procedure has several advantages over treatments currently used; it is non-invasive, more specific, and less costly and lowers LDL to a greater degree.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Plasma separation with membranes--examinations in man (author's transl)].

Plasma separation was carried out using a new cellullose diacetate hollow-fibre module. The pore size of the membranes used was 0.2 micrometer and the cut-off at approximately 3 million dalton. Five litres of filtrate was separated in 80 min. The protein content of the filtrate was 60% of that in the blood plasma. When plasma and filtrate were compared, there was little difference inthe proportions of the immunoglobulins. At the end of treatment, the immunoglobulin content of the plasma had been reduced to 40% of its initial concentration.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Plateletpheresis with the IBM model 2997. I. Effects of ACD, NIH formula B on selected donor indices.

9 healthy subjects dosed with acid-citrate-dextrose, NIH formula B (ACD-B) while undergoing plateletpheresis with the continuous-flow IBM Model 2997 centrifuge, received on average 59.5 +/- (SD) 3.2 mg Na3 citrate.kg-1.h-1. This rate of infusion of Na3 citrate resulted in a maximum 12-fold rise in the concentration of citrate in serum (plasma) following the processing of 10 litres of whole blood, and subsequently reduced the level of total calcium in serum (plasma) by 9%. This dose of Na3 citrate produced no clinical symptoms suggestive of hypocalcaemia in these subjects, even though the use of acid-citrate-dextrose, NIH formula A (ACD-A) under identical conditions has been reported to reduce significantly the level of total calcium in serum, and concomitantly increase the number or reactions occurring in donors. From previous studies employing the intermittent-flow centrifugation system of plateletpheresis, a rate of infusion of Na3 citrate below 65 mg.kg-1.h-1 can insure maximum donor safety and this rate can be achieved with the IBM Model 2997 by the utilisation of ACD-B.

Acids↗
PubMed1980

In vitro granulocyte function as affected by filter loading time and tapping during filtration leukapheresis.

Granulocytes (PMNs) were harvested from 16 normal subjects by filtration leukapheresis (FL) in which the filter loading time (FLT) ranged between 30 min and 4 h, and the rate of filter perfusion was 60 ml whole blood x min-1. The function of PMNs eluted from filters with or without the aid of manual tapping (MT) at each of the various FLTs was assessed in vitro by tests of chemotaxis, phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity. The results indicated that the function of PMNs in vitro was compromised by eluting filters with MT, and this appeared to be independent of the FLT. PMNs collected without MT were nearly normal relative to the control regardless of the FLT.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1979

The utilisation of a new strength citrate anticoagulant during centrifugal plateletpheresis. III. Assessment of in vitro platelet metabolism.

Employing the Haemonetics Blood Processor (IFC), a relatively pure platelet concentrate can be prepared by collecting only the first portion of the PRP leaving the centrifuge bowl (Fraction I). A subsequent fraction containing RBC and WBC contaminants (Fraction II) can be purified by means of a second centrifugation, using a conventional blood bank centrifuge (Fraction II), if transfusion of these contaminants would be detrimental to the recipient. Utilising the new 1.4% Na3-citrate anticoagulant, platelet metabolic parameters (ATP, ADP, AMP, lactate and pyruvate) as well as O2-uptake, were determined in Fraction I and II prepared from 10 normal healthy subjects. In contrast to previous studies reporting marked dysfunction in platelets contained in Fraction II when standard ACD-A was used during IFC, we observed no significant difference (Student's t test) in the present study between Fractions I and II, in regard to platelet metabolism, when using the new anticoagulant. It is further concluded that the second centrifugal manipulation does not exert a detrimental effect on platelet metabolism.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1979

Elemental composition of platelets. Part I. Sampling and sample preparation of platelets for trace-element analysis.

Sampling of platelets for trace-element analysis poses special problems: obtaining adequate sample material, achieving a sufficient cell purity, preserving viability (integrity), correcting for trapped plasma, and controlling contamination. We used a blood-cell separator for the primary isolation of platelets from blood, and differential centrifugation in natural plasma to further isolate them. The pyrimidopyrimidine RA233 was used as a stabilizer to maintain viability. 131I-labeled human serum albumin was used to estimate trapped plasma. Contamination was controlled by using five-times-distilled water to simulate donor's blood in the system and by comparing three fractions: the serum, the first portion of the platelet-rich plasma, and the supernatant plasma after the final centrifugation. Neutron activation analysis was used for the elemental analysis. A single differential centrifugation of the platelet-rich plasma from the blood-cell separator at 400 x g for 8 min was optimum (mean mass fractions:erythrocytes/platelets less than 5 mg/g and leukocytes/platelets less than 20 mg/g). The trapped plasma in the wet platelet samples amounted to about 0.40 g/g. No appreciable contamination from the sampling system was found for the elements Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Mo, Rb, Sb, Se, and Zn.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1979

Elemental composition of platelets. Part II. Water content of normal human platelets and measurements of their concentrations of Cu, Fe, K, and Zn by neutron activation analysis.

We determined the elements Cu, Fe, K, and Zn in normal human platelets by neutron activation analysis. The platelets were obtained from seven donors and treated as described in Part I. The elemental composition is expressed on a wet-weight basis for plasma-free platelets. The following results were obtained (+/- values are 1 SD); "Pure" platelets: trapped plasma = 378 +/- 35 mg/g, water content = 715 +/- 15 mg/g, mean weight of the single platelet (by two different methods) = 9.9 +/- 1.1 pg and 11.2 +/- 1.7 pg, K = 4.39 +/- 1.06 mg/g, Zn = 49.23 +/- 10.97 microgram/g, Fe = 12.28 +/- 2.94 microgram/g, and Cu = 1.39 +/- 0.25 microgram/g. "Impure" platelets: trapped plasma = 349 +/- 31 mg/g, water content = 736 +/- 12 mg/g, K = 3.26 +/- 0.78 mg/g, Zn = 35.71 +/- 7.99 microgram/g, Fe = 17.11 +/- 5.10 microgram/g, and Cu = 1.39 +/- 0.21 microgram/g. To our knowledge, no data on Fe and Cu in platelets have hitherto been reported.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1979

Elemental composition of platelets. Part III. Determination of Ag, Au, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Mo, Rb, Sb, and Se in normal human platelets by neutron activation analysis.

The elements Ag, Au, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Mo, Rb, Sb, and Se were determined in platelets from seven normal donors. The results, in ng/g wet weight, for plasma-free platelets follow: "Pure" platelets: Ag = 29 +/- (18), au = 0.22 +/- (0.22), Cd = 6.2 +/- 3.4, Cs = 54.8 +/- 19.2, Cr = 6.1 +/- 2.5, Co = 7.5 +/- (5.0), Mo = 3.4 +/- 1.3, Rb = 10400 +/- 3000, Sb = 18 +/- (26), and Se = 782 +/- 127. "Impure" platelets: Au = 0.23 +/- (0.28), Cd = 6.4 +/- 2.6, Cs = 35.2 +/- 13.8, Cr = 8.2 +/- 2.9, Co = 2.9 +/- (3.0), Mo = 3.2 +/- 0.8, Rb = 8700 +/- 1700, Sb = 13.2 +/- (8.7), and Se = 679 +/- 57. To our knowledge, none of these 10 trace elements has been determined in platelets before. The selenium concentration in platelets exceeds that in other tissues (e.g., liver). We suggest that glutathione peroxidase or other unknown selenoenzymes are particularly important in platelet metabolism. Platelets are crucial for triggering thrombosis, and so may be involved as links between selenium deficiency and the concomitant increased death rate from cardiovascular disease.

Antimony↗
PubMed1979

Catabolism of low-molecular-weight hydroxyethylated amylopectin in man. I. Changes in the circulating molecular composition.

Intravascular persistence concomitant with changes in the circulating molecular composition were determined in six fasted normal men dosed with 400 ml of 14% LMW-HES (a new plasma expander). The concentration of LMW-HES in serum fell to half its peak value in 3.9 +/- 1.1 (S.D.) hr, whereas serum levels of glucose remained elevated throughout the 12 hr postinjection fasting period. The LMW-HES recovered from the intravascular space was shown by gel filtration on a column of Sepharose CL-4B to be a narrower molecular size distribution (less polydispersion) than the injected material. The ratio of Kav . urine/Kav . injected solution was 1.34. At 30 min after injection, however, the ratio of Kav . urine/Kav . serum was 1.20, and by 24 hr, the value was 1.15. Overall, changes in the molecular distribution in the bloodstream between the end of the infusion period and 24 hr later were small. The results suggest that the intravascular catabolism of LMW-HES may occur in two distinct phases: a rapid initial degradation, followed by a more gradual elimination influenced by the MS of the injected material.

Adult↗