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Biomedical subjects

H Bliddal

Publications and source records attributed to H Bliddal.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Bone mineral distribution of the proximal tibia in gonarthrosis assessed in vivo by photon absorption.

Regional bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) of the proximal tibia including the subchondral plate was measured in vivo by dual photon absorptiometry (DPA). Twenty-one women and six men with gonarthrosis (GA) were examined. Twenty-four healthy women served as controls for the women. The precision error of the BMD measurements ranged from 1.4-3.7% depending on the region measured. Subchondral BMD correlated significantly to the radiologic stage (P < 0.05). Compared to the controls, BMD of the subchondral plate, BMD of the medial condyle, the medial to lateral distribution ratio of subchondral BMD and the ratio between BMD of the subchondral plate and of the immediately underlying region were significantly increased in patients with predominantly medial GA (P < 0.05-0.0001). The BMD of the lateral condyle was lower in GA patients than in controls (P < 0.05). In patients with unilateral GA, the above-mentioned changes were found in the affected tibia compared to the normal knee in the same individual (P < 0.05). In contrast to any of the patients with varus deformity, the two patients with valgus deformity had higher BMD of the lateral condyle than of the medial. No differences in BMD of the distal forearm or the ultradistal region of the proximal tibia were found between the GA patients and the controls. The study shows that regional bone changes of the proximal tibia in GA can be measured precisely and noninvasively in vivo by DPA.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of pneumatic compression in connection with ergotherapeutic treatment of Colles' fracture. A clinical controlled trial].

We followed forty women with functional deficits in the wrist and hand after sustaining a Colles' fracture. The women participated in occupational therapy three times a week for three weeks. At the initial evaluation, after three weeks, and at a three month evaluation, we measured the following: range of joint movement, grip strength, hand volume (oedema), pain and ADL. There was significant improvement in most of the parameters measured after three weeks of occupational therapy, with a less significant improvement from three weeks to three months. Seventeen of the forty women received twenty minutes of intermittent pneumatic compression before occupational therapy. These patients showed significant improvement in wrist extension, compared with the control group of twenty-three patients. Occupational therapy is recommended for patients showing a functional deficit after Colles' fracture. Intermittent pneumatic compression is recommended as a supplement to occupational therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between quadriceps strength and bone mineral density of the proximal tibia and distal forearm in women.

It is well known that there is a relationship between muscle strength and bone density, but it is uncertain whether this relationship is site specific. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of quadriceps strength to site-specific bone mineral density (BMD) of the tibia and to BMD of the forearm. In 66 healthy women, aged 21-78 years, BMD was measured in the proximal tibia and the distal forearm by dual-photon absorptiometry. Isometric and isokinetic strength of the quadriceps was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex II). Highly significant correlations between BMD of the proximal tibia and quadriceps strength were found (RS ranging from 0.79 to 0.84, p < 0.0001). Also, BMD of the distal forearm was correlated with quadriceps strength (RS ranging from 0.59 to 0.62, p < 0.0001). In a stepwise multiple regression analysis, quadriceps strength was a better predictor of tibial BMD than age, body height, or weight. However, age, height, and weight were more predictive of forearm BMD than quadriceps strength. When studying the pre- and postmenopausal women separately, quadriceps strength was correlated with BMD of the proximal tibia but not to forearm BMD. In conclusion, the study provides support for a site-specific relationship between muscle and bone.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1993

Severe low-back pain. I: Clinical assessment of two weeks conservative therapy.

A standard clinical examination was performed by two independent investigators, before and after two weeks of conservative therapy, on 33 patients with severe low-back pain. Kappa coefficients indicated a higher reproducibility of neurological tests than of e.g. muscular tenderness or scoliosis. All patients were diagnosed by CT-scan and a disc herniation was found in 20. The clinical diagnosis was more in agreement with the CT-diagnosis after than before treatment. By discriminant analyses six variables were found to classify the clinical diagnosis correctly in 32 of the 33 patients: sensory loss, ankle jerk, soreness of back extensors, lumbosacral soreness, radiating pain and back extension test. Similarly, the CT-diagnosis was classified in 25 of 33 patients by the variables: sensory loss and limping.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Severe low-back pain. II: Changes in CT scans in the acute phase and after long-term observation.

No significant changes were noted in the CT-scan before and after 14 days of conservative therapy for low-back pain. Twenty of 33 patients had a disc herniation diagnosed on CT, and of these 18 patients were re-scanned after two weeks. Twelve patients were subsequently treated surgically, and of the remaining 8 patients 6 were re-scanned after 18 months. At this time the disc herniation had diminished significantly and was located in a more median position. In the 8 conservatively treated patients, the pain score at follow-up was related to the original size of the herniation (r = 0.72, p < 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Reflex dystrophy after reconstruction of the axillary artery].

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is a complex syndrome of pain, trophic changes and vasomotor instability affecting the limbs. Numerous theories have been suggested to explain the pathophysiology. None is universely accepted. In most of the patients reported, an antecedant event such as trauma or surgery is implicated in the initiation of symptoms. We describe a case of reflex sympathetic dystrophy developing after reconstruction of a. axillaris. To our knowledge there have only been a few previous descriptions of reflex dystrophy following vascular surgery. The mechanism of reflex sympathetic dystrophy secondary to vascular trauma is discussed. Presumely, damage to the arterial wall by trauma may initiate abnormal reflex activity and lead to RSD. We suggest that vascular surgery should be considered as a potential risk factor for the development of RSD.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins are not influenced by smoking in healthy subjects.

In view of the increasing suggestion of an effect of cigarette smoking on thyroid disease and in particular Graves' ophtalmophathy we investigated thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins in relation to smoking habits in healthy subjects. No difference between smokers and non-smokers could be demonstrated, therefore, our study does not support the previously suggested altered immunologic surveillance of the thyroid in cigarette smokers.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1991

Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in thyroid disorders and non-thyroid autoimmune diseases.

A new commercial method for measurement of anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO DYNOtest, Henning, Berlin) was evaluated in normal subjects and in patients with autoimmune thyroid and non-thyroid diseases, and compared to an immune fluorescence method for measurement of anti-microsomal antibodies (MicAb), and a radioimmunological method for quantifying thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb). The majority of normal subjects had anti-TPO levels below 52 U/ml and patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis had levels above 200 U/ml, with a good correlation to MicAb. In other autoimmune thyroid diseases the correlation was less pronounced. In non-thyroid autoimmune diseases MicAb showed falsely positive reactions in the presence of other autoantibodies, e.g. mitochondrial antibodies. The present study indicates that the anti-TPO method should probably replace measurements of MicAb for routine clinical use, thus providing a sensitive, precise, antigen specific method with the ability to reveal quantitative fluctuations. The study also indicates that TgAb could be abolished in routine diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases and be reserved for special clinical situations, research purposes as well as measurement in sera before evaluation of serum thyroglobulin levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

HLA types in patients with rheumatoid arthritis developing leucopenia after both gold and sulphasalazine treatment.

HLA types, especially HLA-DR3, are associated with the development of toxic reactions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with gold or D-penicillamine. In this study, after treatment with sulphasalazine, leucopenia was observed in three patients, who all had a history of leucopenia after previous gold treatment. The HLA types of these patients did not include HLA-DR3; the two patients developing mild leucopenia had HLA-DR2 and the one developing agranulocytosis had HLA-DR4.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Leucopenia in adult Still's disease during treatment with azathioprine and sulphasalazine.

The experience is reported concerning treatment of adult Still's disease with a combination of azathioprine and sulphasalazine. In three patients a favourable effect on the symptoms was noted. In one of these patients a year-long prednisone treatment was withdrawn and replaced by sulphasalazine. In all these cases, however, a decrease was seen in leucocyte counts to subnormal levels after the addition of sulphasalazine to a basis therapy with azathioprine 150-200 mg/d (2.1-3.3 mg/kg). The effect was only transitory in two patients, while it lasted several months in the third. In a fourth patient agranulocytosis developed after four days following the combined treatment with azathioprine 150 mg/d (2.3 mg/kg) and 250-1000 mg/d (4-15 mg/kg) of sulphasalazine, lasting four days before recovery. A later resumption of the combination therapy with these same drugs, but in a lower dosage, did not induce any acute changes in leucocyte counts. The skin rash provoked by sulphasalazine in two of the patients did not recur after desensitization. It is concluded, that this combination therapy is valuable in adult Still's disease, but that caution should be exerted during the initiation of sulphasalazine therapy. This should be monitored by daily measurements of leucocyte counts in the first weeks and preferably started by the use of a desensitising kit.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thyroid stimulating antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: an in vitro phenomenon.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins and their possible effect in vivo in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Thyroid stimulating antibodies (TSAb) were present in 17 (68%) of 25 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, whereas only 2 (8%) had thyrotropin binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII). The groups with and without TSAb were comparable with regard to sex, age, anti-inflammatory drugs, serum thyroglobulin levels, antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies, rheumatoid factor, as well as to the serum levels of thyroxine and 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine. A possible stimulating effect of TSAb in vivo was evaluated by an ultrasensitive immunoradiometric assay for TSH. Both groups had normal serum TSH levels, and no significant difference was found between the two groups suggesting that the demonstration of TSAb in vitro is not always associated with a stimulation of the thyroid gland in vivo.

Adult↗