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Biomedical subjects

H Bird

Publications and source records attributed to H Bird.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

HLA class II and T cell receptor gene polymorphisms in psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis.

HLA-DRB, DQA and DQB genes as well as the T cell receptor (TcR) alpha, beta, and gamma genes were studied by Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA from patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis alone (Ps). A subtype of DR7, DR7a, was found in 38.8% of patients with PsA, 41.5% of patients with Ps, and in 8% of healthy individuals (N) (PsA vs N: pc = 0.0002, RR = 7.1; Ps vs N: pc = 0.0002, RR = 7.9). No association with TcR genes was found. Our findings suggest either that the DR7a allele may be in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-Cw6 or that it may be an important susceptibility factor for PsA and Ps.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A study of tolerance to the psychomotor effects of indomethacin in healthy volunteers.

We have examined the effect of single dose indomethacin 50 mg on objective measurements of psychomotor function and whether this effect is altered by pretreatment with indomethacin 25 mg t.i.d. for 7 days in 10 healthy volunteers (5 male, 5 female; age 20-54 y). One hour after a single dose of indomethacin 50 mg there was significant impairment of psychomotor function (critical flicker fusion frequency threshold and choice reaction time) (Wilcoxon p less than 0.05). Pretreatment with indomethacin 25 mg t.i.d. for 7 days prevented this impairment. Thus we conclude that tolerance occurs over the course of a week to the psychomotor effects of indomethacin.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of ibuprofen and indomethacin on human plasma melatonin.

Ibuprofen reduced human plasma melatonin (MT) after 2 h when administered orally (400 mg) at 2400 h. Increasing plasma concentrations correlated well with increasing inhibition of serum MT levels during this time. Maximum plasma ibuprofen coincided with minimum plasma MT in 3 out of 4 volunteers. Although two volunteers exhibited a partial recovery in MT levels, concentrations after 6 h were significantly less than 0600 h values in drug-free volunteers. Administration of ibuprofen (400 mg) at 1800 h delayed the nocturnal surge of plasma MT. When a slow release preparation of indomethacin (75 mg) was administered at 1800 h, the dark phase rise of plasma MT was completely prevented. Thus the longer acting cyclooxygenase inhibitor exhibited a longer lasting inhibition of plasma MT concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Single-dose pharmacokinetics of Madopar HBS in patients and effect of food and antacid on the absorption of Madopar HBS in volunteers.

Pharmacokinetic studies in parkinsonian patients and healthy volunteers have shown that Madopar HBS behaves as a slow-release formulation of L-dopa and benserazide. In comparison with standard Madopar the rate of absorption is reduced, providing lower peak concentrations of L-dopa. The drug is released and absorbed over a period of 4-5 h, thus maintaining substantial plasma concentrations for 6-8 h after dosing. Although the bioavailability after oral dosing is reduced as compared with standard Madopar (60-70%), this difference seems to be due to incomplete absorption rather than altered disposition of the drug. The presence or absence of food in the stomach has no effect on the absorption of L-dopa from Madopar HBS, but administration of antacids further reduces the bioavailability (45%).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Combination therapy with pulsed methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis.

Pulsed methylprednisolone (PMP) has been shown to produce clinical improvement and reduction in the ESR and acute phase protein concentrations in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and has been advocated for use either as an alternative to slow-acting antirheumatoid drugs (SAARDs) or in conjunction with SAARDs to accelerate the response to treatment. To test these potential roles for PMP 45 patients with active RA were randomly allocated to treatment with PMP alone, PMP + sulphasalazine (SAS - at a maintenance dose of 2.0 g/day), or PMP + D-penicillamine (DPA - at a maintenance dose of 500 mg/day). In each case three 1 g intravenous infusions were given on alternate days during the first week of the trial. Patients were monitored for 24 weeks by standard clinical and laboratory measurements. All three treatment groups showed significant clinical and laboratory improvements at two weeks. With PMP + DPA and PMP + SAS these improvements were sustained and were not significantly different in these two treatment groups. However, in the 'PMP only' group ESR and CRP rose to pretreatment values by eight weeks. Twelve patients withdrew from the study owing to a relapse of the RA. No serious adverse effects were seen in the 'PMP only' group. Both combination regimens were well tolerated; adverse effects seen were attributable to either DPA or SAS. We conclude that PMP alone is insufficient for treatment of RA but can be used successfully in combination with either DPA or SAS. A comparison between these results obtained from two previous groups of 15 patients treated with DPA alone and SAS alone (using the same study design) shows that PMP accelerated the response to therapy by at least six weeks.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1983

A children's global assessment scale (CGAS).

We evaluated the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), an adaptation of the Global Assessment Scale for adults. Our findings indicate that the CGAS can be a useful measure of overall severity of disturbance. It was found to be reliable between raters and across time. Moreover, it demonstrated both discriminant and concurrent validity. Given these favorable psychometric properties and its relative simplicity, the CGAS is recommended to both clinicians and researchers as a complement to syndrome-specific scales.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Joint laxity leading to osteoarthrosis.

Joint laxity was compared in 50 females with symptomatic osteoarthrosis and an age-matched control group without osteoarthrosis. Generalized joint laxity measured by the scoring system of Cater and Wilkinson (1964) modified by Beighton (1973) was significantly higher in the osteoarthritic group (X2 = 10.00, P less than 0.05). In osteoarthritics the pattern of clinical joint involvement varied with the degree of generalized joint laxity.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Once daily treatment of mild to moderate hypertension with xipamid: a controlled study.

A double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover trial of 20 and 40 mg of xipamid once daily in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension is reported and some of the difficulties and pitfalls of multicentre trials of this type are described. 2 Both doses were significantly more effective in reducing the blood pressure than the placebo and neither was superior to the other. Both produced some potassium loss. Xipamid acted for at least 22 h and was effective in up to 83% of the patients. 3 Further trials are suggested to investigate the activity of a lower dose than 20 mg.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative study of the efficacy and toxicity of etodolac and naproxen in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

In a two-period, double-blind, crossover study, patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and/or hip received etodolac 300 mg twice daily for 4 weeks and naproxen 500 mg twice daily for 4 weeks in random order. The assessment of efficacy showed that naproxen and etodolac were equally effective in the management of pain and stiffness in osteoarthritis. However, a significantly higher proportion of patients preferred naproxen to etodolac for the relief of pain intensity. The incidence of adverse events caused by either drug was the same.

Adolescent↗