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Biomedical subjects

H Berger

Publications and source records attributed to H Berger.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the DNA content in the different steps of cutaneous carcinoma progression.

The main aim of this study was to check the application of ploidy related parameters for differential diagnosis between solar keratosis, Bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. 10 specimens of normal epidermis, 68 solar keratoses, 50 cases of Bowen's disease and 10 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) were stained with Feulgen and their ploidy status was evaluated with a CAS200 image analyzer. Significant and highly significant differences between groups investigated not only for 5c exceeding rate, but also for the ratios of diploid, aneuploid, tetraploid, octaploid and 16-ploid cells are demonstrated. With respect to ploidy associated parameters solar keratosis is closer related to SCC of the skin than Bowen's disease. These findings are in accordance with a higher risk of progression to SCC inspite of a generally lower degree of atypia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic significance of newly defined ploidy related parameters in melanoma.

5c exceeding rate is the parameter, most frequently showing prognostic impact. The CAS200 image analyzer makes possible the measurement of additional parameters defining single subfractions of cells, as for example the ratios of diploid, aneuploid, tetraploid, octaploid and 16-ploid cells. The main objective of this study was to define the prognostic significance of these new parameters in 106 primary melanomas with known survival time. 29 out of 106 melanomas were euploid. 77 out of 106 showed an aneuploid histogram. Multivariate analysis with Cox regression demonstrated that the percentage of aneuploid cells between 2c and 4c and the percentage of aneuploid cells between 4c and 8c, but not 5c exceeding rate, were able to influence survival time.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proliferative activity in the progression of pigmented skin lesions, diagnostic and prognostic significance.

Proliferative compartments of a tumour can be determined cytophotometrically, by in situ hybridisation or by immunohistochemical detection of Ki67 antigen. The main objective of this study was to analyse the proliferative activity during the progression of pigmented skin lesions with respect to differential diagnostic and prognostic applications. The material investigated consisted of 209 pigmented skin lesions (31 naevi, 30 dysplastic naevi, 106 primary melanomas, 20 lymphatic and 22 organ melanoma metastases). Comparison of the ratios of cells in the S-phase gained by two different methods (cytometry, in situ hybridisation) did not show any significant differences. The correlations between Ki67 and S-phase indices in every diagnostic group were highly significant. The results of forward and backward Cox regression were identical and only Ki67 showed an independent prognostic influence (p < 0.001, coefficient in regression 0.02) with change in risk 2% and confidence limit ranging between 1.1% and 2.9%.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of the DNA content in the progression of recurrent and metastatic melanomas.

Ploidy status and ploidy related parameters of 18 primary melanomas, 32 recurrences and 18 lymphatic metastases were investigated applying CAS200 image analyzer. All the tumours investigated were either suspicious for aneuploidy (Auer III) or clearly aneuploid (Auer IV). Primary melanomas differed from recurrent tumours concerning the percentage of aneuploid cells between 4c and 8c and 5c ER. Comparison of cutaneous tumours with lymphatic metastases showed a significant difference concerning the percentage of aneuploid cells between 2c and 4c. An already high aneuploidy rate in primary tumours suggests that recurrent and metastatic clones of cells are present in early stages and that aneuploidy status in primary melanomas could be regarded as one of the risk factors of recurrences and metastases.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The mechanism of antiarrhythmic action of the endogenous ORL1 receptor agonist nociceptin].

Prophylactic intravenous (i.v.) injections of a selective agonist of ORL1 receptors nociceptin (orphanin FQ) in a dose of 0.4 mg/kg prevented the development of aconitine-induced arrhythmia in rats narcotized with diethyl ether or chloralose. Pretreatment with L-NAME (50 mg/kg) completely abolished this effect of orphanin FQ, while the pretreatment with indomethacin (10 mg/kg) only attenuated the agonist effect, rather than abolished it completely. At the same time, pretreatment with hexamethonium (10 mg/kg) or glibenclamide (3 mg/kg) had no effect on the nociceptin-dependent cardiac tolerance to the arrhythmogenic action of aconitine. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of orphanin FQ (36 microg) also prevented the onset of aconitine-induced arrhythmia, but this effect was completely abolished by hexamethonium. It is concluded that the antiarrhythmic action of nociceptin with respect to aconitine-induced arrhythmia upon i.v. and i.c.v. administration is explained by different mechanisms. In the former case, the effect of orphanin FQ is related to the activation of NO synthase and cyclooxygenase, while the central action involves the vegetative nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glycohistochemistry of endogenous lectins in cutaneous cancer.

Plant lectins have been applied to define the profile of certain carbohydrate determinants in routinely processed sections of specimens from cutaneous neoplasia. To facilitate detection of endogenous receptors with specificity to carbohydrates, termed endogenous lectins, biotinylated neoglycoproteins (glycoproteins derived from chemical glycosylation of a histochemically inert carrier protein) were employed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of 40 cases of cutaneous cancer. These included 20 cases of basal cell epithelioma and 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma as well as 10 cases of malignant melanoma. A mixed pattern of staining extent was seen for the different types of neoglycoproteins. Glycohistochemical controls ascertained that endogenous lectins with specificity for alpha- or beta-galactosides, alpha-mannosides, alpha-fucosides and alpha-glucosides, respectively, bound the neoglycoproteins. Initial biochemical purification from one case of basal cell epithelioma revealed the molecular characteristics of the endogenous beta-galactoside-specific and alpha-mannoside-specific lectins.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disposition of the 3H-labeled gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog buserelin in rats.

The short-time disposition of 3H-labeled D-Ser(TBU)6-desGly10-GnRH-ethylamide ([3H]buserelin) was studied in rats after bolus intravenous and subcutaneous injections and killing the rats after 1 and 3 hr, respectively. When estimated as the percentage of the injected dose, 3H-activity within the whole blood rapidly declined from 25.5% at 2 min to 4.7% at 60 min after intravenous injection and remained nearly constant at 3.4% from 30 to 180 min after subcutaneous injection. More than 94% of the blood activity was confined to plasma. 3H-Activity was highly concentrated in the pituitary, as seen from the concentration ratio of activity tissue/plasma (ti/pl), being 12.6 and 8.0 at 60 and 180 min, respectively. A transient accumulation of activity was observed in kidney (ti/pl 9.5 and 2.2 at 60 and 180 min, respectively). All the other tissues studied (liver, spleen, adrenal, testis, epididymis, muscle, lung, fat, skin, heart, thyroid, stomach, and intestine) showed ratios ti/pl below 2.0, mostly below 1.0. The tissues within the blood-brain barrier cortex/thalamus and hypothalamus had the lowest ti/pl (0.08 at 60 min). Within 24 hr after intravenous injection of [3H]buserelin into rats, 58% of the administered 3H-dose was recovered in urine, 21.6% of the urinary radioactivity being identified as intact buserelin. Only 3.6% of the 3H-dose were found in the feces. It is concluded that buserelin is concentrated specifically only in its target organ pituitary, whereas kidney accumulates the peptide transiently due to glomerular filtration and presence of the peptide in the primary urine, part of the peptide being degraded to smaller peptides in the kidney tubuli before being excreted into urine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Problem of epilepsy prevention in children with abnormal EEG tracings following cranial trauma].

In the analysed material of 248 children with past craniocerebral trauma epilepsy developed in 25 cases (10%). In the group of post-traumatic epilepsy seizures developed twice as frequently after severe trauma than after light trauma. In EEG investigations in the group with light trauma the observed changes included slowing down of background activity, focal changes or lateralization as the only finding. In the group of severe trauma the EEG changes included slowing down of background activity with associated lateralization or focal changes. In the group of children with epilepsy following severe trauma the same changes were found in EEG curves prior to development of seizures. The authors believe that changes of this type may predict manifestation of epilepsy and may be regarded as sufficient for prophylactic treatment with anticonvulsants.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arterioportal fistula with portal hypertension after liver trauma and resection: a case report and review of the literature.

We present the case of a 40-year old man, who suffered from melena and acute abdominal pain due to portal hypertension with an extrahepatic arterioportal fistula after liver trauma and resection 17 years ago. Only a combined radiological and surgical approach was successful after open surgery had failed and primary interventional radiological techniques were not feasible due to anatomical reasons. Two years after treatment the patient has fully recovered. Hepatic arterioportal fistula following abdominal trauma, liver resection or liver punction is a rare cause of portal hypertension. Treatment options are discussed and the available literature on the subject is reviewed.

Adult↗