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Biomedical subjects

H Beekhuis

Publications and source records attributed to H Beekhuis.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Evidence for capillary leakage during chemotherapy in man.

The influence of intensive chemotherapy with high dose VP 16-213, cyclophosphamide and autologous bone marrow transplantation on transcapillary escape rate of albumin was evaluated. Transcapillary escape rate and plasma volume were measured with 131I-labelled albumin. Measurements were performed 1 day before (T0), 1 week after (T1) and 2 weeks after (T2) start of chemotherapy. Before therapy TER (n = 7, means = 7.1% h-1) was already raised in patients compared to controls (n = 5, means = 3.8% h-1, P less than 0.025). No difference was found for transcapillary escape rate on T1 (n = 9, means = 7.6% h-1) compared to T0. There was an increase of transcapillary escape rate from T0 to T2 (n = 8, means = 9.5% h-1, P less than 0.05). Plasma volume did not change during therapy. Serum albumin concentrations were reduced before chemotherapy (means = 38 g 1(-1] compared to controls (means = 44 g l(-1]. After 1 (means = 34 g 1(-1] and 2 weeks (means = 31 g 1(-1] these concentrations decreased further. The same was found for intravascular mass of albumin related to body weight. The intravascular mass of albumin/bodyweight and the transcapillary escape rate are related in the patients (r = -0.477, P less than 0.01) and the patients plus controls (r = -0.585, P less than 0.001). This means the higher the transcapillary escape rate the lower the intravascular mass of albumin. No correlation between transcapillary escape rate and presence of fever was found. It can be concluded that intensive chemotherapy leads to further increase of an already elevated transcapillary escape rate for albumin.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Scintigraphy with 57Co-bleomycin in the detection of lung cancer. A review of 268 well-documented patients.

Over a 5-year period 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy for tumor detection was performed with a large-field-of-view gamma camera. The scintigrams of 268 patients with lung cancer, with a benign lesion, or with no abnormality in the chest, were reviewed. A sensitivity of 96% was found. In a group of 193 patients in whom a preoperative pathologic diagnosis could not be obtained sensitivity was 95%, specificity was 87%. Correlation between tumor size and tumor-to-non-tumor ratio was established for squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell anaplastic carcinoma. Adenocarcinomas were smaller and showed lower tumor-to-non-tumor ratios than other histologic types. In squamous cell carcinoma a possible correlation between tumor-to-non-tumor ratio and histologic differentiation was investigated, but could not be established. It is concluded that 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy is helpful in the evaluation of patients with possible lung cancer in whom a preoperative pathologic diagnosis cannot be obtained.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Radiation absorbed doses from Co-57- and Co-55 bleomycin.

Organ radiation doses to the adult patient after intravenous injection of Co-57- and Co-55 bleomycin were calculated using the MIRD methods. From these data somatically effective total-body doses for these radiopharmaceuticals were derived. Source organs are the bladder, kidney, and liver, and the remainder of the body. Residence times, i.e., cumulated activities per unit of injected radioactivity, were derived for each source organ, with their standard deviations, from measurements of Co-57 bleomycin clearance in a small number of patients. Target organs are the gonads and all organs that contribute to the somatically effective total-body dose. For Co-57- and Co-55 bleomycin the somatically effective doses are 0.26 +/- 0.03 rad/mCi (70 +/- 9 mu Gy/MBq) and 0.63 +/- 0.09 rad/mCi (171 +/- 23 mu Gy/MBq), respectively. The influences of the Co-56 impurity in Co-55, and of the Fe-55 daughter of Co-55 are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Reticuloendothelial Fc receptor function in SLE patients. I. Primary HLA linked defect or acquired dysfunction secondary to disease activity?

Reticuloendothelial system (RES) Fc receptor-mediated immune clearance was measured in 18 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Only two patients, with major disease activity, had a prolonged T 1/2 of the blood disappearance curve of injected IgG coated red cells in comparison to 22 healthy controls. Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were studied with three methods: PEG precipitation, C1q-ELISA and the indirect granulocyte phagocytosis test (IGFT). The T 1/2 of the blood disappearance curve related significantly to the IGFT (r = 0.55, P less than 0.05) and not to the PEG and C1q-ELISA test. Although HLA-DR3 phenotype frequency was significantly increased in our SLE population (P less than 0.05), it was not related to Fc receptor function. Similarly, HLA-DR2 phenotype was not related to RES Fc receptor function. These data do not support the concept that a genetic HLA linked defect in reticuloendothelial Fc receptor function is a primary cause of SLE, predisposing the inflicted individual to immune complex deposition. However, Fc receptor-mediated immune clearance seems to be related to disease activity itself and to levels of CIC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Reticuloendothelial Fc receptor function in SLE patients. II. Associations with humoral immune response parameters in vivo and in vitro.

We studied the relationship between reticuloendothelial Fc receptor function and some parameters of the humoral immune response in vivo and in vitro in 18 SLE patients. Fc receptor-mediated immune clearance correlated remarkably well with (a) a decrease of antigen specific IgG after immunization with a primary test antigen (alpha-Helix pomatia haemocyanin) (P less than 0.01) and (b) the spontaneous IgG release in vitro of B cells obtained from peripheral blood (P less than 0.01). These two parameters were significantly interrelated. Reticuloendothelial Fc receptor function was not related to serum IgG levels. The study provides evidence for an association between polyclonal B cell activation and Fc receptor-mediated immune clearance in SLE patients. The possible nature of this association is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Radiation risk of thyroid scintigraphy in newborns.

Tumor risk factors were calculated for newborns who were investigated for congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) with radionuclides by thyroid scintigraphy. Figures for three radiopharmaceuticals, 99mTc-pertechnetate, 123I-and 131I-sodium iodide for adults were extrapolated to newborns. The radiation dose to the normal thyroid gland in newborns was seven times higher for 123I-NaI than for 99mTcO-4, the somatically effective total body dose was two times higher for 123I-NaI than for 99mTcO-4. The use of 123I-NaI was preferred because of better scintigraphic results. Risk estimates for thyroid scintigraphy in newborns in the diagnostic work-up of CHT are given using published age-dependent tumor induction figures derived from atomic bomb survivors.

Congenital Hypothyroidism↗
PubMed1983

57Co-bleomycin and 67Ga-citrate in detecting and staging lung cancer.

In the investigation of suspected lung cancer bleomycin labelled with cobalt-57 and gallium-67 labelled with citrate are currently used to detect the primary tumour and to establish the presence of metastases in the lung hilum and mediastinum. A comparative study of these radio-pharmaceuticals was performed in 63 patients with proved lung cancer. 57Co-bleomycin showed the primary tumour in 58 patients (92%) and 67 Ga-citrate in 34 (54%) (p less than 0.01). The average tumour-to-lung ratio was 3.4 with 57Co-bleomycin and 1.5 with 67Ga-citrate. Proved metastases in the hilum or the mediastinum were visualised with 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy in 16 out of 18 patients (89%) and with 67 Ga-citrate scintigraphy in only eight (45%) (p less than 0.01). These results indicate that 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy is more suitable for detecting and staging lung cancer than is 67Ga-citrate. 57Co-bleomycin is valuable in the detection of peripheral lesions, in which a pathological diagnosis is difficult to achieve, since a positive scintigram indicates malignancy. When 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy suggests hilar or mediastinal metastases mediastinoscopy should be carried out; but when no metastases are apparent it is reasonable to proceed directly to thoracotomy without mediastinoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Detection of lung cancer with 55Co-bleomycin using a positron camera. A comparison with 57Co-bleomycin and 55Co-bleomycin single photon scintigraphy.

57-Co-bleomycin is useful in the detection and staging of lung cancer, but the long half-life of 57Co (270 days) has discouraged its widespread acceptance. We investigated the shorter living positron emitting 55Co (half-life 18.2 h) as a level for bleomycin. In eleven patients with proven lung cancer scintigraphy with 55Co-bleomycin, using a positron camera, demonstrated the tumor in ten cases. Tumor to lung ratios were calculated. The results were superior to those obtained with 55Co-bleomycin single photon imaging but inferior to those obtained with 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Local recurrence and survival in patients with (Clark Level IV/V and over 1.5-mm thickness) stage I malignant melanoma of the extremities after regional perfusion.

During the period 1965-1974, 110 patients with stage I malignant melanoma of the extremities were treated by regional isolated perfusion with L-phenylalanine mustard and local excision. In order to study local recurrence and survival, only patients with a primary melanoma Clark Level IV or V and a tumor thickness of more than 1.5 mm were accepted in this study. The determinate survival in patients followed for 5-14 years in 78%; 17% developed positive regional lymph nodes. The local skin recurrence rate was 9% (9 patients); four of these 9 patients simultaneously had distant metastases; the other five patients are alive with NED after retreatment. This series of patients, too, shows that tumor thickness determines the prognosis, both as to local recurrence and as to survival. The mean tumor thickness in the hyperthermically perfused patients was found to clearly exceed that in the normothermically perfused, the mean values being 4.85 mm and 3.87 mm, respectively. Yet local recurrence and regional lymph node metastases proved to be less frequent after hyperthermic than after normothermic perfusion, although the difference was not statistically significant.

Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion↗
PubMed1980

An improved method for the analysis of xenon-133 washin and washout curves.

A method is described for analysis of xenon-133 washin and washout curves, in the presence of a slowly varying background. The method uses least-squares fitting of a single exponential together with a quadratic function to correct for the background. The method has been applied both to simulated data and to data from 25 patients. The accuracy in the relevant lung parameters was 5% over a wide range of the specific ventilation. A comparison is made with other methods in use to measure regional lung-function parameters. Our method produces reliable results even when specific ventilation is low, which can occur in patients with chronic airflow obstruction, where other methods may incur errors of more than 45%.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1978

Analysis of extramedullary erythropoiesis in the spleen by a semiquantitative method using indium-111.

A semiquantitative method for evaluating the splenic uptake of 111In is described. With this method the uptake of indium in the spleen was significantly higher in seven patients with extramedullary erythropoiesis (EME) than in a control group of seven patients with comparable degrees of splenomegaly but without clinical and/or histological signs of EME. The discrimination between these groups could be further improved by also taking the degree of splenomegaly into account. It is concluded that the described technique is a valuable non-invasive aid for establishing the presence of EME in the spleen.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical evaluation of radio-labelled bleomycin for tumor detection.

Investigations with bleomycin labelled with radionuclides other than 57Co in patients with cancer and in tumor-bearing animals are described. In patients 57Co-bleo appears to be a better tumor-seeking radiopharmaceutical than 111In-bleo, 99mTc-bleo or 197Hg-bleo. This can be explained by a higher stability in vivo and a better tumor-seeking property of 57Co-bleo and less disturbing activity in the cardiac pool and in bone and other normal tissues when assessing the scintigram. Results with 111In-bleo labelled in acidic solution are not essentially different from those with 111In-bleo labelled in neutral solution. Results of 197Hg-bleo are almost identical with those of 197HgCl2 regarding the tumor-seeking effect as well as the distribution in normal tissues and organs. Probably the complex of 197Hg to bleomycin is not stable in vivo. The superiority of 57Co-bleo over 99mTc-bleo, 197Hg-bleo and also over 67Cu-bleo is confirmed by experiments on tumor bearing animals. We may conclude that the indication for use of bleomycin as a tumor-seeking pharmaceutical labelled with 111In, 99mTc, 197Hg or 67Cu seems to be very limited.

Animals↗