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Biomedical subjects

H Beck

Publications and source records attributed to H Beck.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effect of intragastric pH on antral gastrin and somatostatin release in anaesthetised, atropinised duodenal ulcer patients and controls.

The synchronous change in the antral release of gastrin and somatostatin into a vein draining the stomach was studied during acidic and alkaline intragastric pH in six anaesthetised duodenal ulcer patients and six controls after atropinisation. No differences in the basal secretion of gastrin and somatostatin were observed among the two groups. Alkaline as well as acidic intragastric pH had no effect on the antral release of somatostatin in duodenal ulcer patients and controls. In contrast, alkaline intragastric pH was associated with a significantly higher antral gastrin release in duodenal ulcer patients than in controls. Acidic intragastric pH was associated with a significantly smaller inhibition of antral gastrin release in duodenal ulcer patients than in controls. These results suggest that atropinised anaesthetised duodenal patients release gastrin abnormally in the presence of acidic or alkaline intragastric pH and that any inverse relationship between antral gastrin and somatostatin release is uncoupled under these conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Altered concentrations of gastrin-releasing polypeptide and somatostatin in fundic and duodenal bulb mucosa of patients with duodenal ulcer disease.

The concentrations of gastrin-releasing polypeptide, somatostatin (SS), and gastrin in extracts of endoscopically obtained biopsies from the fundus, antrum, and duodenum of patients with uncomplicated bile stones (controls) or duodenal ulcer disease were measured with specific radioimmunoassays. The validity of the tissue sampling was confirmed by characteristic and significant differences between gastrin concentrations at the different biopsy sites. Gastrin-releasing polypeptide levels were at their highest in the fundic and duodenal bulb compared to the antrum in controls (p less than 0.01), whereas no differences in gastrin-releasing polypeptide content of the different parts of the stomach were found in duodenal ulcer patients. Compared to controls gastrin-releasing polypeptide in duodenal ulcer patients was reduced in fundic and duodenal bulb mucosa (p less than 0.01). SS levels were highest (p less than 0.05) in the first part of duodenum in controls. Compared to controls duodenal ulcer patients had lower SS concentrations present in fundic (p less than 0.01) and highest SS concentrations present in duodenal bulb mucosa (p less than 0.01). There was no correlation between acid secretion and mucosal gastrin-releasing polypeptide or SS concentrations in any part of the stomach and duodenum.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Aluminium hydroxide inhibits acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastric erosions in cats with Heidenhain-pouch.

The effect of Al(OH)3 was investigated on the gastric bleeding induced by acetylsalicylic acid + HCl. Cats provided with Heidenhain pouches were used. The pouch had vascular connections to the main stomach. Instillation of acidified acetylsalicylic acid into the pouch caused a marked increase in its blood content indicating the development of hemorrhagic mucosal damages. The blood loss was totally abolished by administration of Al(OH)3 into the main stomach. We, therefore, conclude that Al(OH)3 induced an enhanced release of PGE2 into the submucosa. PGE2 reached the pouch via connecting vessels originated from the main stomach. The results indicate that certain antacids induce the release of prostaglandins not only into the gastric lumen but also in the submucosa.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1986

Intracranial aneurysm due to metastatic choriocarcinoma.

The case of a woman with an episode of subarachnoid hemorrhage 2 days after delivery is presented. An emergency operation was performed, and an intracerebral clot from a ruptured aneurysm was removed. Histologic examination of the resected aneurysm showed metastasis from a choriocarcinoma to the aneurysmal wall. Six cases of intracranial aneurysm due to metastasis of choriocarcinoma are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Epidural catheters of the multi-orifice type: dangers and complications.

A study on epidural catheters of the multi-orifice type, investigating their tendency to epidurovasal (with an intravascularly positioned catheter tip) and epidurosubarachnoid (with the catheter tip inserted in the subarachnoid space) malpositioning, was conducted on 113 patients using clinical and radiological criteria as controls. Of the improperly placed catheters, 13 were in an epidurovasal (11.5%) and one was in an epidurosubarachnoid (0.9%) position. The findings demonstrate the occasional hazardous dual compartmental misplacement of multi-orifice catheters, in which a distal opening can lie intravascularly or within the subarachnoid space, while a proximal orifice simultaneously retains normal access to the epidural space. The insufficiency of controlling or even recognizing such improperly placed catheters which are only partially in the epidural space, as well as the danger of causing a secondary dural or vascular perforation with epidural catheters, is discussed. Since epidural catheters of the multi-orifice type apparently represent an inherent, vital danger due to their construction (regardless of the catheter material and workmanship), they should no longer be used.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Age-related changes in both circadian and seasonal rhythms of rectal temperature with special reference to senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

The biological rhythms of rectal temperature were documented in young (circadian variations) and elderly (circadian and seasonal variations) human subjects either in apparent good health or suffering from senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT). All the subjects were synchronized. Data obtained showed a decrease of the body core temperature rhythm amplitude in the healthy elderly for each documented season but not in patients with SDAT. Seasonal variations in these rhythms were observed in these elderly groups of persons.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Effect of neurotensin in the dumping syndrome.

The possibility that the gut peptide, neurotensin, may contribute to the dumping syndrome was investigated in 17 patients with a long history of dumping after a Billroth II gastrectomy for duodenal ulcer. After a test meal plasma levels of neurotensin were higher than in normal subjects, but no correlation to the severity of symptoms was found. In eight of the patients with meal-provoked dumping symptoms, intravenous infusion of neurotensin in relevant doses produced neither symptoms nor changes in blood glucose, blood pressure, or pulse rate. The apparent plasma half-life of neurotensin (t1/2 = 2.3 min) did not differ from that previously found in normal subjects. The results indicate that it is unlikely that neurotensin alone has a pathogenetic role in the dumping syndrome in gastrectomized patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Daily ultrashort chemotherapy and intermittent short-term chemotherapy with 4 drugs of communicable pulmonary tuberculosis treated for the first time. Results of a cooperative multicenter study].

Three short-course regimens, all comprising isoniazide (H), rifampicine (R), streptomycine (S) and pyrazinamide (Z), are compared in a randomized prospective cooperative clinical trial. The drugs are given daily in a 3-month regimen (3-HRSZ), twice a week in a 6-month regimen (6-HRSZ2), and in a further two-phase 6-month regimen the 4 drugs are administered 3 times a week for the first 3 months followed by the administration of HSZ twice a week (without R) for further 3 months (3-HRSZ3/3-HSZ2). The number of patients admitted to study is 80, 144 and 139 respectively. The 3-month regimen has been stopped because of a high rate of relapses. 17 p.c. of the patients admitted have to be excluded from analysis for various reasons, out of these 5.8 p.c. because of adverse reactions. Two thirds of the patients had heavily positive sputum cultures at the start. 300 patients completed therapy. At the end of therapy cultures were negative in 94 p.c., 100 p.c. and 99 p.c. respectively. The rate of bacteriological relapses is 19 p.c. in 3-HRSZ, 9 p.c. in 3-HRSZ3/3-HSZ2 and 3 p.c. in 6-HRSZ2, during a follow-up period of 3-4 years after completing therapy. The acceptability was good in all treatment groups. Adverse reactions like "flu" were rarely observed. Increased blood urea was common but in general without clinical symptoms. Elevation of ALAT and ASAT was relatively frequent but mostly transient and without clinical importance. The results served as basis for the new "Recommendation for Treatment of Tuberculosis" and are interpreted with regard to practical consequences and possibilities for further rationalisation of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Differences between young and elderly subjects in seasonal and circadian variations of total plasma proteins and blood volume as reflected by hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte counts.

Circadian and seasonal rhythms in total plasma proteins were documented in healthy young men (around 24 years old), and in elderly subjects (both sexes), including senile-dementia patients in their eighties. The concentration of plasma proteins within a given group changed predictably (7-13%), depending on the hour of sampling and the season. Concentrations decreased noticeably around 04:00 h, then peaked around 08:00 h (shortly after waking). The 24-h mean concentrations of total plasma proteins were lower in the elderly groups than in the young men. But the seasonal variations of the 24-h mean values were strikingly larger in the elderly groups (7-8 g/L) than in the young men (2-5 g/L). Moreover, the circadian profiles of plasma proteins differed from the profiles of hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte counts. Evidently, circadian variations of blood volume may not be the only element accounting for the variations of plasma protein concentrations. We suggest that the rhythms in plasma protein concentrations be taken into account when reference values are set. Circadian and seasonal variations in plasma proteins may also significantly affect the transport and binding of drugs, especially in the aged.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Neuropathological study of 12 centenarians: the incidence of Alzheimer type senile dementia is not particularly increased in this group of very old patients].

The brains of 12 patients aged more than 100 years were studied neuropathologically. These were all women who had been long-stay patients at the Charles Foix Hospital, Ivry. On the basis of a retrospective examination of the clinical records the patients were classified as demented or non-demented. No attempt was made to evaluate their mental status more precisely because of the prevalence of deafness (in 10) and blindness (in 7) and also because of the difficulty in assessing mild cognitive changes in institutionalized patients. Three patients were considered to have been demented according to the criteria of the DSM3 (1980). In the brain of one demented case the pathology was that of Alzheimer's disease, in one there were multiple infarcts and in the third there were both senile and vascular changes. The findings in this study are in accordance with the reports of others and indicate that the incidence of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type is not increased in people of very advanced age. Neuropathological findings included reduced brain weight; neurofibrillary tangles in hippocampal neurons of every case as well as in neocortical neurons (absent from neurons of the substantia innominata in only 1 case); senile (neuritic) plaques were found commonly in the hippocampus, less so in neocortical areas (senile plaques totally absent in only one case); granulovacuolar degeneration in hippocampal neurons in every case; amyloid angiopathy present in 9 and mineralization of vessels in 10 cases; hyaline change in vessel walls and abundant lipofuscin in neurons and astrocytes were constant findings. No Lewy bodies were seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Molecular forms of gastrin in antrum and duodenum after parietal cell vagotomy.

We examined whether parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) changed the distribution between the different molecular forms of gastrin. Serum, antrum, and duodenum from PCV patients, unoperated duodenal ulcer (DU) patients and control subjects were studied. PCV was followed by a twofold increase in the serum gastrin concentration, while the distribution between small and large gastrins were unaffected. However, sulfation of antral gastrins was reduced from 45 percent in unoperated DU patients to 34 percent in PCV patients (p less than 0.01). We conclude that gastrin sulfation is diminished after PCV. Diminished sulfation seems to be correlated to hypergastrinaemia of antral origin and not to specific diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Parietal cell density in gastric biopsies from patients with and without duodenal ulcer disease.

During gastroscopy biopsy specimens were taken from 4 different areas of gastric corpus mucosa in 51 patients with duodenal ulcer disease (DU) and 26 patients without ulcer disease and the patients underwent an acid stimulation test by injection of 6 micrograms 5-gastrin/kg bodyweight. A parietal cell density study was carried out, using a direct counting of cell nuclei in a standardized lattice. The method was found fully acceptable when compared with stereological analysis of parietal cell density per unit volume (Nv) and was found having a low variation in and between observers. There was no significant variation of parietal cell density locally or regionally in the oxyntic mucosa. No correlation was found in DU group between Basic Acid Output (BAO), Peak Acid Output (PAO) and the parietal cell density, but in the non-DU group a rather poor, but significantly positive correlation was demonstrated. We conclude that the parietal cell mass is not exactly correlated to acid production and that the term "Parietal cell mass" have to include acidogenic area and the secretory ability of the parietal cells.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1985

[Detection of venous embolism during intraoperative monitoring by two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography].

12 patients (mean age: 81 +/- 9 years) undergoing total hip replacement because of transcervical femoral fractures were studied intraoperatively by two-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of this new technique for detection of embolic events in the right heart by intraoperative 2D-TEE monitoring during hip surgery. In all patients (pts) we observed a transient increase of contrast intensity in the right atrium immediately after insertion of the acetabulum prosthesis ("snow flurry"). Contrast was maximal 15-20 seconds after insertion and persisted for approximately 2 min. While contrast intensity decreased in the minutes thereafter, in 3 pts contrast became more heterogeneous:we detected structures like "flakes" passing the right heart, sometimes circulating for some seconds in the right atrium respectively the right ventricle. Detected embolism was followed by a transient decrease of arterial pO2 (greater than 10 mmHg) in 5 pts. However, haemodynamic responses occurred infrequently; 4 pts experienced no changes at this moment. During insertion of the femoral prosthesis the contrast events were even more pronounced and persistent. In all pts we observed the appearance of "flake"-like structures passing the right atrium and the right ventricle, some measuring up to 6 cm in length. This was accompanied in 10 pts with a decrease (greater than 10 mmHg) of arterial pO2 and in 8 pts with a decrease (greater than 5 mmHg) of endtidal CO2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Flow-cytometric analysis of mixed cell populations using intermediate filament antibodies.

Using two human tumour cell lines, T24 bladder carcinoma and Molt-4 leukemia, flow-cytometric DNA analysis of pure and mixed cell populations was performed using cellular cytokeratin content to distinguish cytokeratin-containing carcinoma cells from leukemia cells which do not contain cytokeratin. Using cytokeratin content to gate DNA analysis, the same specificity and sensitivity of cellular DNA content and distribution measurement could be achieved by single-pass FCM analysis of a mixture of the two cell types as was seen when analysing pure populations of the two cell lines. This technique has broad applicability to FCM analysis of mixed populations composed of cells from different tissues of origin.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

Dysplasia and carcinoma in the Billroth II resected stomach 27-35 years post-operatively.

In a previous endoscopic follow-up examination of patients who 22-30 years before had undergone Billroth II resection for duodenal ulcer the prevalence of dysplasia and carcinoma of the gastric remnant was 14.8 and 0%, respectively. In this second follow-up study five years later the figures had increased to 30.3 and 5.6%. It is uncertain whether these changes result from the higher number of biopsies taken at the re-examination or reflect a time-dependent rise in the morbidity. Although the observed prevalences may seem high, we do not find prophylactic endoscopic examination of such patients indicated, as other investigations by us have shown that the series of Billroth II resected patients under study does not show excess incidence or excess mortality of gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Patterns of plasma melatonin with ageing and mental condition: stability of nyctohemeral rhythms and differences in seasonal variations.

Effects of ageing and mental condition on the nyctohemeral and seasonal rhythms of plasma melatonin in human subjects were investigated. Four groups of subjects were formed for a transverse study: 7 healthy young men (24 years), 6 elderly women, 6 elderly men and 6 elderly patients (2 men and 4 women) suffering from senile dementia (70-80 years). The subjects were synchronized. Blood samples were taken every 4 h during 24 h in January, March, June and October. In comparison to young men, the plasma levels of melatonin were markedly decreased (by about one half) in elderly subjects without any difference according to sex or mental condition. Nyctohemeral rhythms of the hormone were validated in all groups and at all sampling sessions. The nyctohemeral acrophases were remarkably stable (around 03.00 h) whatever the season, age or sex. A seasonal variation was found in all groups (except elderly women) with differences between young and elderly subjects: plasma melatonin levels were significantly lower in January than in June in young men, whereas in elderly subjects they were significantly lower in October than in January/March. No significant difference was observed in mesor, amplitude or acrophase of nyctohemeral and seasonal rhythms of plasma melatonin in patients with senile dementia when compared with healthy elderly subjects. The stability of the nyctohemeral peak time whatever the age group or season as opposed to the differences in the seasonal pattern of plasma melatonin according to the age groups raises the problems of both outdoor photoperiod and ageing in ruling the secretion of melatonin in man.

Adult↗