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Biomedical subjects

H Bauer

Publications and source records attributed to H Bauer.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Genital tuberculosis in the woman--only of interest in medical history?].

Genital tuberculosis still occurs and is difficult to diagnose. The symptoms are mostly uncharacteristic, whereas infertility and chronic pelvic infections are frequently diagnosed. In the period between 1970 to 1990, we found 21 women with this diagnosis. The occurrence seems to have shifted to greater age and milder clinical disease and are mostly observed within the framework of the sterility complex. We conclude, that primary treatment should be conservative. Intrauterine pregnancies after treatment are very rare, but, in one case, a normal pregnancy and delivery was occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of serum ferritin as a marker for adult Still's disease activity.

Extremely high serum ferritin values (greater than 10,000 micrograms/l) were detected in two patients with adult Still's disease. The ferritin concentrations decreased to normal after adequate treatment. During a one year follow up ferritin concentration was helpful in monitoring disease activity and guiding decisions about treatment. Raised concentrations of soluble interleukin 2 receptors (sCD25) were also found. Detection of ferritin values above 3000 micrograms/l should lead to the consideration of Still's disease when there is an acute febrile illness without evidence for bacterial or viral infections, serum ferritin being suitable for monitoring treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A multicenter double-blind study of three different doses of the new cAMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitor rolipram in patients with major depressive disorder.

A multicenter randomized 4-week interindividual double-blind study was carried out in 58 hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder (DSM III 296.23, 296.22, 296.33, 296.32, 296.53 and 296.52) to test the dose-effect relationship of three different doses of the new cAMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitor rolipram: 3 x 0.25 mg, 3 x 0.50 mg and 3 x 1.00 mg rolipram/day. With respect to the desired effect, the 3 x 0.50 mg dosage stood out from the others in almost all relevant parameters. With respect to the response rate, the efficacy of the 3 x 0.25 mg dosage was about the same as that reported in the literature for placebo. The inferior performance of the 3 x 1.00 mg dosage compared to the 3 x 0.50 mg dosage might indicate a reverse U-shaped dose-effect relationship. There was good tolerance to all three dosages. There were no findings that might cast doubt on the safety of the dosages tested.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1992

Mineralocorticoids and mineralocorticoid receptors in mononuclear leukocytes in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension.

To examine the role of mineralocorticoids in the pathophysiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), we studied plasma aldosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone levels in 25 women with PIH and 25 normal pregnant women, as controls. Furthermore, we evaluated the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) status in mononuclear leukocytes in the 2 groups. MR count was significantly (P less than 0.0005) decreased in the PIH group (148 +/- 9 binding sites/cell) compared with the control group (300 +/- 17 binding sites/cell; mean +/- SEM). Plasma aldosterone in women with PIH was 281 +/- 61 pmol/L; in normal pregnant women it was 697 +/- 172 pmol/L (P less than 0.025). Plasma 18-hydroxycorticosterone was also significantly (P less than 0.025) lower (PIH, 1071 +/- 149 pmol/L; controls, 1907 +/- 318 pmol/L). These values were determined at the onset of clinical symptoms of PIH. These results cannot be explained by receptor down-regulation due to higher levels of mineralocorticoids in PIH; a hitherto unknown mineralocorticoid may, thus, be responsible for the hypertension and altered MR status.

18-Hydroxycorticosterone↗
PubMed1992

[Organ donation to hospitals not specializing in transplantation].

The necessary and possible rate of transplantations is limited by the insufficient availability of donor organs. In the FRG, only 36% of all hospitals (transplantation centers excluded) are active in postmortem organ donation. In only 57% are other organs than the kidneys (liver, pancreas, heart, lung) explanted. The main problems do not derive primarily from structural difficulties (no intensive care unit, limited capacity of operation room or staff), but from an insufficient degree of cooperation with the transplantation center and an uncertain legal position. Possible solutions to the problem (transplantation coordinator, legal regulation) are discussed.

Germany↗
PubMed1991

Reversible expression of sm alpha-actin protein and sm alpha-actin mRNA in cloned cerebral endothelial cells.

The expression of smooth muscle (sm) alpha-actin was studied in cloned capillary cerebral endothelial cells of two phenotypes. Type I cells were cultured in medium containing 10% FCS, heparin and ECGS (or alpha-ECGF) and stained positive for a specific endothelial cell marker (Bandeiraea simplicifolia). Depletion of heparin and ECGS resulted in a smooth muscle-like appearance after 2-3 days. Cells of this phenotype, (type II) stained positive for the endothelial cell marker and for sm alpha-actin. In contrast to type I cells, type II cells expressed sm alpha-actin protein and mRNA as evidenced by Immunoblots and Northern blots. This phenotypic switch was shown to be reversible and so was the expression of sm alpha-actin.

Actins↗
PubMed1991

[Optimized analgesic sedation techniques for ESWL].

Analgo-sedation for ESWL treatment has been associated with a variety of problems. Minimal invasiveness of this technique should combine with haemodynamic stability as well as with adequate oxygenation. Patient acceptance has to be considered as another important aspect. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of an analgosedative regimen with regard to these aspects. 50 ASA I-III patients scheduled for ESWL treatment were randomly allocated to receive either no premedication (n = 25) or chlorazepam as oral premedication (n = 25). The analgosedative technique was identical in both groups, consisting of atropine 0.25 mg, droperidol 5 mg (2.5 mg, if body weight less than 60 kg), and alfentanil 10 micrograms/kg intravenously. If necessary, repeated boluses of alfentanil 5 micrograms/kg were administered up to a maximum of 2 mg. Heart rates, arterial blood pressures, and peripheral oxygen saturation were measured during treatment. Post-treatment, patients were interviewed to assess the quality of analgesia. The results showed that our analgo-sedative regimen is suitable for ASA I-III patients. Stable heamodynamic conditions and adequate oxygenation were achieved in all patients. Patient acceptance was good. Patients with anxiolytic premedication benefited in terms of reduction in blood pressure and heart rate. The study also showed that anaesthesiologists may underestimate the pain intensity experienced and assessed by the patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Os trigonum syndrome: a clinical entity in ballet dancers.

Thirteen Swedish National classic ballet dancers were surgically treated for an "os trigonum syndrome."Their main symptom was an impingement pain in the hind foot while actively plantarflexing the ankle during ballet dancing. The surgical procedure included excision of an os trigonum or a prominent lateral posterior process of the talus, together with division of the flexor hallucis tendon sheath if it was thickened. This procedure was safe and resulted in return of the dancers to the same level of ballet dancing within 5 to 10 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Transforming mechanism of the feline sarcoma virus encoded v-fms oncogene product.

The v-fms oncogene product encoded by the McDonough strain of feline sarcoma virus (SM-FeSV) is a transmembrane glycoprotein which belongs to the tyrosine kinase receptor family. The cellular counterpart, the c-fms product, is the receptor for macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF or CSF-1). The v-fms and the c-fms product differ structurally only in seven point mutations and in their C-terminal domains. We have corrected the published sequence of the v-fms product and found that the new C-terminal end contains a threonine phosphorylation site (Thr939). This site is phosphorylated in vivo leading to an enhancement of the v-fms-specific tyrosine kinase activity. The extracellular domain of the v-fms product contains 11 N-glycosylation sites. Glycosylation and transport of the v-fms molecules to the plasma membrane are prerequisites for the transforming potential of the virus. Phosphorylation of the v-fms molecules in tyrosine, serine and threonine residues takes place only at the plasma membrane. Coexpression showed that the overexpression of M-CSF and c-fms in fibroblasts leads to cell transformation by an autocrine loop mechanism. This interaction between M-CSF and the c-fms protein also takes place at the plasma membrane. To study the v-fms transforming mechanisms, we have expressed the v-fms oncogene in chicken fibroblasts which are free of the cross-reactive M-CSF. The expression of the v-fms oncogene alone did not cause transformation. However, upon addition of M-CSF, these cells became completely transformed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Effects of progesterone, epipregnanolone and RU 38486 on potassium uptake in cultured cortical neurons.

It was previously reported that progesterone and its metabolites influence electrical properties of the CNS in many different ways. In the present study we elicited the effects of progesterone, its 5 beta reduced metabolite epipregnanolone and the anti-progestin compound RU 38486 on potassium uptake in cultured cortical neurons. K+ was substituted by the tracer substance 86Rb. When hormone treatment (10(-9)-10(-7) M/l) was performed for 3 days, addition of progesterone and epipregnanolone led to a significant decrease of 86Rb uptake whereas treatment with RU 38486 markedly increased 86Rb uptake. The effect of the anti-progestin could be reversed by the addition of increasing amounts of progesterone. Hormone actions were dose-dependent and most distinct when performed from the very first day of culture. Short-term (15 min) hormone treatment of neurons did not significantly alter 86Rb uptake. These findings suggest a specific receptor mediated progestin action which, in a long-term course, controls potassium uptake across excitable membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGTP) and NA+K(+)-ATPase activities in different subpopulations of cloned cerebral endothelial cells: responses to glial stimulation.

Glial stimulation of Na+K(+)-ATPase and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase was taken as parameter for blood brain barrier function in cloned cerebral endothelial cells of different phenotypes. In type I cells ("cobblestone" phenotypus) gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase activity increased 10-12 fold and Na+K(+)-ATPase activity was 2-fold increased after glial stimulation. In type II cells ("spindle-form" phenotype) gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase was only 2-fold increased, whereas Na+K(+)-ATPase was even depressed. K(+)-(86Rb) uptake was twice as high in type I cells. These data indicate that type I cells are involved in blood brain barrier function.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Influence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) on kidney epithelial cells in vitro: studies on potassium (86Rb) influx and cellular proliferation.

The effects of captopril on potassium influx and cellular proliferation in a dog kidney epithelial cell line (Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, MDCK) were studied. Na+K(+)-ATPase activity and the loop diuretic sensitive Na/K/2Cl- cotransport were measured using 86Rb as tracer substance. Cells were incubated with various concentrations of captopril (1-10 mmol/l). The furosemide sensitive Na/K/2Cl- cotransport was significantly decreased from 1 mmol/l onwards. Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity was lowered only when high amounts (10 mmol/l) of the drug were used. Cell proliferation was measured via [3H]thymidine incorporation. After incubation with 1 mmol/l captopril proliferation was strongly decreased (greater than 50%). Higher amounts (5-10 mmol/l) did not further suppress cell proliferation. The data suggest that natriuresis following ACE inhibition in vivo does not involve a direct effect of captopril on Na+K(+)-ATPase. However, the effect on cell proliferation may be of clinical relevance in respect to a possible mitogenic effect of angiotensin II.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Synthesis of 4,19-disubstituted derivatives of DOC. Radioreceptor assay of some corticosteroid derivatives in human mononuclear leukocytes.

Several new 4,19-substituted steroids and previously synthesized corticosteroids were assayed for affinity to type 1 receptors in human mononuclear leukocytes. 11 beta,19-epoxy-4,21-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione (2) was hydrogenated with Pd-C to yield a mixture of all four dihydro derivatives 5, accompanied by 4,21-diacetoxy-11 beta,19-epoxy-3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (6) and 21-acetoxy-11 beta,19-epoxy-4-hydroxypregnane-3,20-dione (7). With hot acetic + p-toluenesulfonic acid 5 underwent rearrangement to 21-acetoxy-11 beta,19-epoxypregn-5-ene-4,20-dione (8) Pd-C hydrogenation of 3,21-diacetoxy-5 beta,19-cyclopregna-2,9(11)-diene-4,20-dione (10) gave 3,21-diacetoxy-5 beta,19-cyclopregn-5-ene-4,20-dione (11) and the 9,11-dihydro derivative of the latter. Treatment of 10 with warm HCl furnished 19-chloro-4,21-dihydroxypregna-4,9(11)-diene-3,20-dione (13). Pd-C hydrogenation of its diacetate 14 afforded the 4,5-dihydro derivative 18, 19-chloro-21-acetoxypregn-9(11)-en-20-one (15), its 4-acetoxy derivative 16 and the 3,4-diacetoxy derivative 17. When tested in a radioreceptor assay in human mononuclear leukocytes the synthesized compounds showed only low relative binding affinities (RBA) to type 1 receptor, the highest being 0.72% for 13 (aldosterone = 100%). For comparison, other RBA in this system were: 19-noraldosterone, 20%; 18-deoxyaldosterone, 5.8%; 18-deoxy-19-noraldosterone, 4.7%; 18,21-anhydroaldosterone, 0.37%; 17-isoaldosterone, 7.6% and apoaldosterone, 4.3%

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1990

A double-blind multicentre study comparing remoxipride, controlled release formulation, with haloperidol in schizophrenia.

A double-blind multicentre study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of remoxipride in a controlled release (CR) formulation given once daily with haloperidol twice daily in patients with schizophrenic illness. In total, 114 patients were included. All were diagnosed as schizophrenic or schizophreniform according to DSM-III. Their mean daily dose of remoxipride CR during the last week of treatment was 385 mg. In the haloperidol group the corresponding dose was 17 mg per day. The intended study period was 4 weeks with at least a one-day washout. No significant differences were found between treatments regarding efficacy variables. The median total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score was 40 in the remoxipride CR group at start of treatment and 21 at last valid rating. For the haloperidol group the corresponding figures were 40 and 22. Treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms (Simpson and Angus rating) occurred statistically significantly more frequently and were more severe during haloperidol than during remoxipride CR treatment despite a statistically significantly higher concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs in the haloperidol group.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[The anticipatory potential (contingent negative variation) as an indicator of neuronal information processing in relation to changes in slow potentials in the EEG].

The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between spontaneous Slow Potential Shifts (SPSs) and the probability effect on CNV amplitudes. Fifteen right-handed volunteers participated in this experiment. The presentation of the stimuli was triggered by spontaneous SPSs (duration: 2 seconds, mean-amplitude: 10 microV) in the EEG signal at Cz. Thus, two different S1s (S1a: 1500 Hz, S1b: 2000 Hz) were presented in a random order with a fixed probability of occurrence of 0.8 for S1a and 0.2 for S1b. Each S1 was followed by a light stimulus (S2) with a constant ISI of 4 seconds. According to the cue, the subjects had to push the left (S1a) or the right (S1b) response button as fast as possible with their right index finger. The order of the 4 experimental conditions (stimulus presentation triggered by negative or positive shifts and recording of negative or positive shifts without any stimuli) in which each subject participated was balanced across subjects. Several significant effects could be found by means of a two-way ANOVA for repeated measures (condition x recording site): Negative shifts were accompanied by smaller CNVs as well as PINVs (resolution deficits) at all recording sites; the probability effect was found to be significant in the positive shift condition at F3, F4, and Cz, but not in the negative shift condition except at Cz for the E-wave. CNVs triggered by negative shifts only showed a significant correlation (-.55) with reaction time. These results together favor a two-component model suggesting that SPSs, spontaneous and evoked, are largely generated by glia depolarization, which is evoked by but outlasts neuronal activity.

Adult↗