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Biomedical subjects

H Baker

Publications and source records attributed to H Baker.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The effect of folic acid on gingival health.

On days 0 and 30 of a double blind study, two groups of 15 subjects each were evaluated using a plaque index, a gingival index, a gingival exudate flow and fasting plasma folic acid levels. Group I received 2 mg of folic acid twice daily for 30 days while Group II received a placebo. Results of the study seem to indicate that folic acid supplemented to the diet may increase the resistance of the gingiva to local irritants and thus lead to a reduction in inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Absorption, utilization and clinical effectiveness of allithiamines compared to water-soluble thiamines.

Oral administration of lipid-soluble allithiamines [thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD) and thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTHF)] rapidly increased thiamine activity in whole blood, red blood cells, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine in normal and thiamine-deficient subjects. These thiamine congeners also restored red blood cell transketolase to normal in alcoholics with thiamine deficiency. Such repletion equaled that produced by parenteral, water-soluble thiamine hydrochloride (THCl) or thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). Oral administration of water-soluble thiamines (THCl, TPP) neither elevated thiamine activity in biological fluids nor restored transketolase activity to normal in alcoholics with thiamine deficiency presumably due to their rate-limited intestinal transport. Oral administration of TPD eliminated lateral rectus palsy in patients with Wernicke's encephalopathy. Orally administered allithiamine vitamers are therefore recommended for prophylaxis and treatment of thiamine deficits because while having essentially the same biological properties as parenterally administered water-soluble thiamines they have not produced any untoward effects after long-term administration and are far more efficiently utilized.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Vitamin profile of 174 mothers and newborns at parturition.

Thiamin, biotin, B12, folate, pantothenate, riboflavin, nicotinate, B6, vitamins A, E, C, and beta-cartene was estimated in the blood of 174 mothers and in the cord blood of their neonates at parturition. A vitamin profile of normal preganancy was established for mother and neonate. This was based on values obtained from 95 percent confidence limits in 74 mothers not taking oral vitamins and 133 mothers ingesting various vitamin supllements. Circulating vitamin levels in 38 neonates born to mothers with no laboratory evidence of hypovitaminemia was persented. The higher incidence of hypobitaminemia in gravidas not taking vitamins was folate, thiamin, vitamins A, C, B12, BL and nicotinate in descending order. Ingestion of vitamins supplements reduced the incidence of hypovitaminemia. A similar relationship held for neonates from these mothers. However, despite vitamin ingestion thiamin, folate, vitamins C, A, B6, B12 and nicotinate hypovitaminemia was evident. There was an approximate 1:2-5 ratio between mother and neonate blood vitamins; vitamins A, B6, E, and beta-carotene were exceptions. Vitamin B6 ran parallel, while vitamins A, B6, E, and beta-carotene ratios reversed in favor of the mother at an approximate ratio of 2:1, 4:1 and 7:1, respectively. It is concluded that vitamin profile for mother and neonate, taking into account values established from a lorge gravid population, should now permit an evaluation of the effects of hypoviteminemia on the outcome of pregnancy and infant health.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Inability of chronic alcoholics with liver disease to use food as a source of folates, thiamin and vitamin B6.

Absorption of folates, thiamin, vitamin B6, pantothenate and riboflavin from a natural food source--yeast--and their respective synthetic forms was studied in 37 patients with liver disease due to alcoholism, and 12 healthy, nonalcoholic subjects. All alcoholics absorbed riboflavin and pantothenate but had a significantly lowered absorption of thiamin and vitamin B6 from yeast. Alcoholics absorbed synthetic vitamin B6, but not thiamin. Ingested folylpolyglutamates (the predominant folates in yeast) could not serve as a source of folate for the alcoholics, but synthetic folylmonoglutamate served. We suggest that the folate, vitamin B6, and thiamin deficits so common in alcoholic liver disease ensue from inability to absorb these specific vitamins from foods.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Assay of therapeutic doses of methotrexate in body fluids of patients with psoriasis.

A microbiologic technique for the assay of methotrexate (MTX) in urine, serum, erythrocytes, feces, and skin is described. The accuracy of the method equals that of routine microbiologic assays of folic acid. Important differences in serum MTX levels in psoriatic patients during the 24 hours after standardized intravenous and intramuscular administration were demonstrated. Repeated intravenous doses tended to be cleared from the blood univormly. After oral doses many patients achieved peak serum levels within 2 hr. with fall of level by 4 hr. Others achieved lower levels and responded less well clinically. Persistence of high serum levels at 24 and 48 hr did not confer obvious clinical benefit or necessarily give rise to by renal function when the creatinine clearance was greater than 50 ml/min. However, impaired renal function was clearly correlated with slow clearance. Routine measurement of MTX blood levels is of value in patients with suspected malabsorption or partial renal failure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

The relationship of transepidermal water loss to skin temperature in psoriasis and eczema.

Transepidermal water losses (TEWL) from psoriatic and eczematous skin were measured while skin temperature was varied between 29 degrees C and 37 degrees C. The relationship of TEWL to skin temperature in these diseases is different from that obtaining in normal skin. These differences are thought to be due to the altered filtration properties of diseased stratum corneum. Formulae were devised to allow TEWL rates in psoriasis and eczema to be expressed at a standard temperature for comparative purposes.

Eczema↗
PubMed1975

An evaluation of Na+, C1- and pH ion-specific electrodes in the study of the electrolyte contents of epidermal transudate and sweat.

Ion-specific electrode detectors have been used to measure electrolytes in various biological fluids, including sweat. As part of a study of skin barrier function, we have used such electrodes to detect the presence of sodium, chloride and hydrogen (pH) in the transepidermal water loss. This paper describes the effects of cellophane tape stripping (of human forearm epidermis in vivo) on surface electrolyte concentrations, in parallel with observations on transepidermal water loss and galvanic skin resistance.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1975

A prospective study of the effects of weekly oral methotrexate on liver biopsy.

The results are reported of a prospective study of liver histological findings in twenty-five patients with severe psoriasis subjected to liver biopsy before and at intervals after the onset of treatment with methotrexate by an intermittent dosage schedule. The pre-methotrexate liver biopsy findings in forty-one other severe psoriatics are also summarized. Of the twenty-five treated patients, four showed a mild inflammatory cell infiltrate and two mild fibrosis before treatment. During treatment only one developed a grade 2 infiltrate and one other grade 2 fibrosis. None has developed cirrhosis. Where minor abnormalities developed, their fluctuating and reversible nature is demonstrated.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Psoriasis: a review. II.

Notwithstanding the intense interest in systemic cytotoxic therapy in recent years, the great majority in psoriatics are likely to go on needing topical therapy with tar, dithranol or corticosteroids, and a welcome trend is the spreading of interest in day care centres such as those in Paris (GRUPPER), Stockholm (THYRESSON), Stanford (FARBER) and San Francisco (CRAM) evolving from the out-patient regimes advocated by INGRAM in Leeds a generation ago.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1975

Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic. II. Fermentation, isolation and characterization.

Rapamycin is a new antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus NRRL 5491. It was isolated from the mycelium by solvent extraction, purified by silica gel column chromatography and crystallized as a colorless solid which melts at 183 approximately to 185 degrees C and has the empirical formula C56H89NO14. From its characteristic ultraviolet absorption spectrum rapamycin can be classified as a triene. It is highly active against various Candida species, especially Candida albicans. Its activity is compared with that of amphotericin B, candicidin and nystatin.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1975

Psoriasis: a review. Part I.

The recent literature relating to pathogenesis, clinical features and management of psoriasis has been reviewed. The features of the accelerated epidermopoiesis are described and its relationship to a possible primary fault in keratinisation or dermal influences discussed. The present position on the genetics and epidemiology of psoriasis is summarised. Recent observations on the relationship of histocompatibility system antigens to ordinary and pustular psoriasis could lead to important advances. Clinical discussion is confined to psoriasis in childhood, the hair, nails and mucosal psoriasis; pustular psoriasis and psoriasis arthropathica.

Age Factors↗