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Biomedical subjects

H Baddeley

Publications and source records attributed to H Baddeley.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cerebellar calcification.

Previous autopsy studies have shown that cerebellar calcification is commoner in Queensland than elsewhere. Computed cranial tomography, which is more sensitive than skull radiography, has confirmed that cerebellar and basal ganglia calcification occur more commonly in patients examined in Queensland than in North America. Although no distinctive neurological syndrome could be demonstrated, the affected patients showed a high incidence of hypertension, hyperuricaemia and raised serum creatinine levels. There is evidence that cerebellar calcification is a marker of previous lead intoxication. Common occurrence of renal impairment in these patients may be due to associated lead nephropathy. Subclinical lead exposure is associated with hyperuricaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Improved survival of patients with glioma in the CT era.

At the RoyaL Brisbane Hospital, 143 patients with intracranial gliomas were analyzed in a retrospective study, to evaluate the impact of the CT scanner upon their diagnosis, management and survival. 95 were diagnosed before and 48 after CT became available. There was a significant reduction in the number of invasive diagnostic procedures performed in the CT era; cerebral angiograms by 67%, pneumoencephalograms by 82% and exploratory craniotomies by 65%. However, the total number of diagnostic investigations and the time taken to establish a diagnosis of glioma were not significantly decreased. Surgery was performed less frequently and with a lower complication and mortality rate than in the pre-CT era; there was a slightly increased use of chemotherapy. The number of patients having arteriography as a follow-up procedure was reduced by 80% and no follow-up pneumoencephalograms have been performed since CT was introduced. The average duration of hospitalization has remained unchanged. Survival times has increased significantly during this time, most markedly in the younger groups. The possible role of CT in this improvement is discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Controlled trial of mobilisation and manipulation for low back pain: hospital patients.

Ninety-four patients with non-specific lumbar pain referred to hospital rheumatology and orthopaedic clinics participated in a double-blind controlled trial comparing mobilisation and manipulation with placebo physiotherapy. Results were assessed immediately after the tratment course, two months later, and at one year. Many patients showed improvement, but in contrast to a study on general-practitioner patients with nonspecific back pain no definite advantage could be associated with mobilisation and manipulation. The benefits of mobilisation and manipulation for low back pain are probably restricted to hastening recovery in patients likely rapidly to improve spontaneously. Hence patients whose severity and duration of symptoms warrant specialist referral are less likely to benefit from the technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in the diagnosis and management of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis.

The clinical and radiological findings in four patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis one of whom had coexistent cholangiocarcinoma, are reported. The need for surgical exploration to make the diagnosis was averted by the use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in one patient who was managed initially with medical treatment alone. Endoscopic cholangiography may be used to monitor the progress of the sclerosing lesions; but failure to fill the intrahepatic ducts is associated with a poor prognosis due either to the severity of the sclerosing process or the presence of coexistent cholangiocarcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Controlled trial of mobilisation and manipulation for patients with low back pain in general practice.

Ninety-four patients with non-specific lumbar pain who were seen by their general practitioners took part in a double-blind controlled trial to compare mobilisation and manipulation with placebo physiotherapy. Immediately after treatment most patients showed improvements in the various features studied, but for several features improvement was more common in the treated group than the controls. At three months the condition of most patients was still improved but the differences between the two groups had largely disappeared. At one year the groups were identical. Prognostic presenting features were sought, but only a shorter history correlated with clinical improvement. This study indicates the high rate of spontaneous resolution of low back pain. A course of mobilisation and manipulation may hasten improvement but does not affect the long-term prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Neck movements in ankylosing spondylitis and their responses to physiotherapy.

Cervical spine movements were compared in 35 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and matched controls. In AS there were limitations of all movements and particularly of lateral flexion. These limitations could not be correlated with any particular features of AS except radiological involvement of the lower apophyseal joints. In 25 patients there were significant improvements in all measurements after 3 weeks of intensive inpatient physiotherapy. After discharge the patients were encouraged to perform unsupervised physiotherapy and in 11 patients seen at 3 months the improvements in neck movements were either maintained or increased further. In contrast no changes in movements were found in 9 patients assessed 3 weeks and immediately before starting physiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Small spinal fractures in back pain patients.

Small fractures in the posterior elements of the spine were identified by stereoscopic radiography in 7 patients suffering from back pain. The clinical data on these 7 patients are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Sclerosing peritonitis due to practolol: a report on 9 cases and their surgical management.

Nine patients with an unusual and serious intraabdominal complication of the beta-adrenergic blocking agent practolol seen since 1973 are reported. The striking and bizarre peritoneal changes induced by the drug have distinctive features that are not shown by other forms of peritoneal disease. The cases presented with small bowel obstruction, usually chronic in type and often associated with profound weight loss and an abdominal mass. Characteristic radiological features were present. The abnormalities at laparotomy were impressive, with a gross proliferation of the visceral peritoneum which formed a dense white cocoon which encased, constricted and markedly shortened the small bowel, usually from the duodenojejunal flexure to the ileocaecal valve. The obstruction was relieved by mobilizing the small bowel from the ensheathing tissue. Restoration of alimentary function after surgery was delayed but the long term result was satisfactory with full relief of symptoms and the absence of recurrent obstruction during the follow-up period. This complication may arise after treatment with the drug has been stopped, and although long term oral therapy has been discontinued, further cases will almost certainly present for some time to come.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Practolol peritonitis.

Barium examination of the small bowel revealed fixation, dilation, separation of bowel loops and delayed small intestinal transit in nine patients with practolol induced peritonitis. The diagnosis may be first suggested by this examination, and a history of prolonged therapy with beta-blocking agents should be sought in patients showing these changes where no other cause for them can be found. Symptoms may develop up to a year following cessation of therapy so that further cases may still come to light despite the withdrawal of practolol for long-term use. Small bowel barium examination is indicated in patients who have received practolol therapy and who develop suspicious alimentary symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Xeroradiography in assessment of the rheumatoid hand.

Comparable conventional x-rays had xeroradiographs were obtained of the hands of 22 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Each metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joint was scored for juxta-articular osteoporosis, erosions, loss of joint space, soft tissue thickening, joint deformity, and osteophytes on a 0-3 scale. For 10 hands the films were reported again after 3 months, and each technique was reproducible. Comparison between the 2 radiographic techniques showed that overall they gave similar results, although osteoporosis was reported more frequently on conventional x-rays, and loss of joint space and synovial thickening on xeroradiographs.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1977

Rheumatoid involvement of the lumbar spine.

On stereoscopic examination of the lumbar spines of 6 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and spinal disease we found typical rheumatoid erosions in the apophyseal joints. 2 also had severe asymmetrical disc destruction with associated involvement of the vertebral bodies and scoliosis. In one of these patients who developed Staphyloccocus aureus septicaemia, infection was localized in this part of the lumbar spine.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Practolol peritonitis. A study of 16 cases and a survey of small bowel function in patients taking beta adrenergic blockers.

Sixteen patients with practolol peritonitis are described. Dense peritoneal thickening and adhesions caused small bowel stasis and obstruction with characteristic radiology and histology. The disease was best treated by surgery though complications were frequent and three of 16 patients died. Ocular and skin involvement were common. Fifty four asymptomatic patients who had taken a beta adrenoceptor blocking drug for more than 12 months were studied. Seven were found to have radiological abnormalities of the small bowel. These changes were associated with propranolol, oxprenolol and practolol therapy. It is not known whether they are related to practolol peritonitis.

Aged↗