Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H B Williams

Publications and source records attributed to H B Williams.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Staged repair of ectopia cordis.

Ectopia cordis is a challenging congenital anomaly that generally has defied repair because of the magnitude of the deformity and the associated defects, particularly the intracardiac anomalies. We were fortunate to be presented with a boy who had successfully undergone an operation on the day of his birth to provide skin coverage over his bare ectopic heart. Subsequent studies disclosed no intracardiac anomalies. This paper describes the second stage of his repair designed to place the heart within the thorax and construct a bony shield anterior to it.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1980

Vascular neoplasms.

Vascular neoplasms in the broad sense represent a very common group of tumors or hamartomas that show great variability in gross appearance, microscopic appearance, and clinical course. Generally, neoplasms are composed of one cell type, but vascular neoplasms are collections of endothelial-lined tubes or tubules with connective tissue walls that may contain smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and nerve elements according to the specific tissues of origin. The classification of vascular neoplasms as outlined in this article attempts to delineate each tumor or hamartoma according to its histologic appearance and clinical behavior. The clinical course ranges from completely benign, self-involuting malformations such as the strawberry hemangioma to highly malignant angiosarcomas with their rapid growth and frequent metastases. Defects in the lymphatic system show gradations from simple lymphangiomas through lymphedema and lymphangiectasia, which can probably be explained by faulty embryologic development. Management of these lesions has been discussed, including brief descriptions of most of the currently accepted treatment methods for these frequently encountered clinical problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Facial bone changes with vascular tumors in children.

Deformities of the adjacent facial bones are common with large vascular tumors. Most hemangiomas will resolve spontaneously, but the incidence of resolution appears to be quite low when the adjacent bones are affected. In these, we have used high dosage corticosteroid therapy in the early cases, particularly those involving the orbit. Surgical excision has been used in most of the other cases, with reasonable improvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ventricular wall thickness in the fetal dog.

Ventricular wall thickness of 21 50-to 60-day canine fetuses was determined by direct measurement with calipers. Measurements were made of the left and right ventricular walls and of the interventricular septum, perpendicular to the apico-basilar axis at the location just below the aortic valve, and midway between the coronary sulcus and the apex. Mean determiniations were used to characterize the wall thickne-s at the various levels. The right wall was found to be thickpreciable thickness differences between the septal and left wall at this location. At the level of the midventricular wall, the septal wall thickness exceeded that of the left and right wall. Left and right wall thickness at this level were similar.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Free dermal fat flaps to the face.

Patients with extensive facial asymmetry continue to be a challenge in reconstructive surgery. Surgical techniques using microvascular anastomoses and free flap transfers can now be applied in the management of patients with such conditions as Romberg disease, postirradiation hypoplasia of the face, and Goldenhar syndrome, and in patients with bronchial arch developmental defects. Four patients are presented in this paper to demonstrate the use of free dermal fat in reconstruction of facial asymmetry. One patient with a moderate facial defect was treated with a free dermal fat graft, and the other 3, who had more extensive defects, were treated with deepithelialized free dermal fat flaps using direct microvascular anastomoses between the donor and recipient vessels. The groin was the donor area in each case. Results appear to indicate that free dermal fat flaps are useful in reconstructive procedures for patients with extensive facial defects.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

Recovery of function in free muscle transplants using microneurovascular anastomoses.

Using the rectus femoris muscle of the rabbit, the functional capabilities of the normal and replanted muscle were studied after tenotomy, simple neurovascular repair, and orthotopic and heterotopic transplantation. Tenotomy alone altered the function more than did neurovascular repair, and although a muscle survived after replantation, it never achieved the functional capability of the normal muscle, maximum working capacity being only one fourth of the normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Benign fatty tumors of the peripheral nerves.

Fatty tumors of the peripheral nerves, although rare, occur with sufficient frequency to pose problems in diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, the nomenclature of these tumors has suffered from controversy over their morpological description. These factors have contributed to a misunderstanding about the treatment of these localized nerve abnormalities leading, in the past, to unnecessary radical nerve excisions with resultant total motor and sensory deficit. This paper reviews the various types of fatty tumors, describes the morphology and pathophysiology of one such lesion, and provides a basis for a rational surgical approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

An invasive procedure for in utero fetal electrocardiology: recording of fetal electrocardiograms by applying electrodes through the uterus.

An in utero technique was developed that allows direct access to the canine fetus for experimentation. This procedure reduces the need for fetal manipulation and umbilical blood flow compromise and reduces fetal fluid loss. In pregnant bitches, uterine horns could be delivered through a ventral midline incision. By manipulating the fetal membranes, and positioning the fetuses through them, electrodes could be inserted subcutaneously in the fetuses. Electrocardiograms satisfactory for interpretation were obtained from as many as 4 fetuses in a bitch for periods up to postoperative week 3.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Compression treatment of hypertrophic scars in burned children.

The formation of hypertrophic scars is common following healing of the burn wound, particularly in children. The control of scar formation is an important part of overall treatment in these cases and this paper describes a newer method that applies compression to the burn scar in an attempt to improve the ultimate appearance. The 35 patients treated by this method included some with partial-thickness and others with full-thickness burns. The results of treatment with compression garments were assessed at 6 months and at 12 months, using a grading system based on colour, consistency and thickness of the scar. The design of facial moulages and their use in compression of facial scars are dealt with. Overall there was a 75% to 80% improvement in the state of burn scars. The reasons for this improvement are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Bronchial walls in the radiological diagnosis of asthma.

Although bronchial wall thickening is known to occur in asthma, its radiological visibility and significance are matters of dispute. The present study shows that thickening can be detected in the plain chest radiographs of patients with severe asthma, but it cannot be reliably detected in patients with mild asthma. Measurements of bronchi made on lung tomograms showed that the lumen-wall ratio more clearly separated the asthma and normal groups than did observation of bronchial wall thickness alone.

Asthma↗
PubMed1975

Hemangiomas of the parotid gland in children.

Twenty-six cases of parotid hemangiomas seen at the Montreal Children's Hospital are reviewed. This lesion is by far the most common tumor of the parotid gland in children. In recent years, our treatment of this condition has gradually shifted toward conservatism, reserving surgical excision for the unusual case where the lesion does no show spontaneous resolution.

Female↗
PubMed1973

Spectrum of asthma in children. I. Clinical and physiological components.

A sample of 315 asthmatic children, representative of the whole range of asthma in childhood, and a control group of 82 children were studied clinically and physiologically from 7 to 14 years of age. The asthmatic children were arbitrarily classified into four grades according to the relative frequency and persistence of their asthma to 14 years of age. Each of these grades could be more clearly defined on analysis of other clinical and physiological characteristics.THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SEVERE PERSISTENT ASTHMA WERE: onset usually in the first three years of life, a high frequency of attacks in the initial year, clinical and physiological evidence of persisting airways obstruction and pulmonary hyperinflation, chest deformity, and impairment of growth. By contrast, mild asthma usually began later in childhood, was episodic, and there was little or no evidence of airways obstruction between attacks. The attacks generally stopped before 10 years of age. In between these two extremes were two intermediate grades.The clinical and physiological characteristics of each grade of asthma at 14 years of age were usually evident by 10 years, and in the most severe grade by 7 years of age. These characteristics provide a sound basis for assessment, management, and prognosis.

Adolescent↗