Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H B Presser

Publications and source records attributed to H B Presser.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Job, family, and gender: determinants of nonstandard work schedules among employed Americans in 1991.

This study provides the most recent national estimates of the prevalence of employment during nonstandard hours (evenings, nights, or rotating hours) and on weekends. It also examines in a multivariate context the relevance of job and family characteristics as determinants of such employment, separately for men and for women. The findings support the contention that the demand for employment during nonstandard hours and weekends is pervasive throughout the occupational hierarchy, but particularly in service occupations and in personal service industries and for both men and women. Gender differences exist, however, in the relevance of family factors. Being married reduces women's but not men's likelihood of employment during nonstandard hours, and the presence of children affects women's but not men's hours and days of employment. (The direction of the effect for women depends on the children's age.) Implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Job characteristics of spouses and their work shifts.

This study builds on an earlier finding from the May 1980 Current Population Survey that one-third of full-time dual-earner couples with children in the United States include at least one spouse who works other than a regular day shift. Using the same data source, the relevance of husbands' and wives' job characteristics (occupation and industry) on their shift work status are considered, and the nature of the association between husbands' and wives' work shifts is explored. Four alternative models are initially posed and tested with log-linear analysis; these models vary in the extent to which a spouse's shift work status is contingent upon the job characteristics of a husband or wife. None of these models fit the data. A modification of the simplest of the four models (using forward selection) is the best fitting model. It is not symmetrical: the wife's shift is contingent upon both her occupation and industry and that of her husband, but the husband's shift is contingent only upon his occupation and industry. There is a relationship between husband's and wife's shift, the direction of which depends upon the occupations of both spouses. This study demonstrates the importance of taking a "couple" perspective on shift work among married persons, and the need for models that include interaction effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Guessing and misinformation about pregnancy risk among urban mothers.

Only one-third of urban mothers interviewed twice, a year apart, answered correctly both times about when during the menstrual cycle a woman is most likely to become pregnant. Classroom discussions about contraception, attendance at family planning clinics, and discussions with one's mother about contraception are not positively associated with knowledge about pregnancy risk. Those using methods other than the pill or IUD are more knowledgeable about pregnancy risk--perhaps because they have a greater need to know.

Adolescent↗