Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H B Orenstein

Publications and source records attributed to H B Orenstein.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Does display configuration affect information sampling performance?

This investigation sought to determine the influence of a visual display's spatial configuration on participant's ability to sample linguistic information. Line drawings circumscribed 36 areas shaped like squares, rectangles, 'T', 'L' and '+', among others. Each such 'shape' was presented for 1000 ms, followed by a 12-letter matrix presented for 50 ms. Participants then reported the letters that would have been inside the boundary contour if it were superimposed on the letter matrix. The results indicated that single, spatially contiguous areas could be monitored better than separate areas; the recall of simple configurations seemed better than that of more complex ones, while outlying positions tended to be ignored. The data were thus viewed as compatible with recent theories of perceptual organization in displays, such as the notion of 'common region' and the proximity compatibility principle. Informational complexity (IC) proved somewhat better than figural compactness (FC) in accounting for the data in terms of information theory. The findings may help to specify the optimal spatial configurations for visually displayed linguistic information in a variety of contexts, including head-up displays (HUDs).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Sensory storage of fragmentary displays.

A partial-report version of the Eriksen-Collins paradigm was devised to test iconic storage. The test lay in presenting arrays of 12 partial letters, one of which was randomly chosen for completion. Additional conditions checked whether the completed letters were legible and to what extent the completion fragments were guessable. Test sequences included dark or light inter-stimulus intervals and 4 different delay times, which had no significant effects. Analysis showed that subjects were no better able to report a synthesis of the first and second fragments than to guess the letters from separate fragments. A second experiment demonstrated some integration of successive single-letter presentations, although subjects apparently do not have iconic access to full arrays of letter fragments.

Attention↗
PubMed1977

Memory load, critical features and retrieval processes in facial recognition.

A Sternberg-type varied set procedure was used in which the set of stimuli associated with the "different" response was, in some cases, large and unspecified. A 3-factor design was used with repeated measures on list length (1, 2, or 4 faces), decision ("same" or "different"), and number of critical features varied between memory and target faces (0, 2, 4, or 7). Reaction times of college students for recognition of faces were analyzed to determine the nature of the retrieval processes employed. Reaction times were faster as the number of feature changes increased, and both parallel and serial processes were indicated for both "same" and "different" responses.

Discrimination, Psychological↗
PubMed1976

Variations in electroencephalographic alpha activity under conditions of differential lighting and auditory feedback.

The electroencephalographic alpha activity of 13 college students was monitored under conditions of darkness or dim light for six sessions, and for a seventh under the opposite condition. Auditory feedback was given for the presence of alpha activity during a 5-min orientation period and when during ten 2-min trial periods. The results indicate that: (1) alpha production in the presence of feedback did not exceed initial eyes-closed base line production; (2) introducing feedback immediately enhances alpha activity, rather than increasing production gradually; (3) under certain circumstances, dim light is sufficient to suppress alpha; and (4) after many sessions of alpha production in darkness, subjects maintain a given amount of alpha even when visual stimulation is present.

Adult↗