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Biomedical subjects

H Asou

Publications and source records attributed to H Asou.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Changes in ganglioside composition and morphological features during the development of cultured astrocytes from rat brain.

Changes in ganglioside content over a period of days were examined in astrocytes obtained via cell passage from rat cerebral cortex. Thin-layer chromatography revealed that, in the astrocytes, ganglioside GM1 was absent, the predominant ganglioside being GM3. Also, an increased GD3 content in long-term astrocyte cultures was detected. The morphological features of astrocytes were also studied using immunoperoxidase staining. Astroglial features were characterized by high levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin, which are the major intermediate-filament proteins present in astrocytes at an early culture stage. In long-term-cultured (greater than 7 months) astrocytes, vimentin and GFAP were increased in process-bearing cells. Ganglioside GD3 recognized by R24 monoclonal antibody was also expressed in these cells. These results suggest that the increase of ganglioside GD3 in long-term-cultured astrocytes may be related to the appearance of multistellate cells showing strong reactivity against GFAP and vimentin during development over a specified period in culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Ganglioside composition of astrocytes.

Short-term and long-term (greater than 7 months) cultured astrocytes from 14-day-old rat brain were analyzed for ganglioside content. Analysis of the extracted gangliosides by HPTLC revealed that ganglioside GM1 was absent in 35 days and 235 days cultured astrocytes, and that the predominant ganglioside was GM3, showing a double band in both cases. A small amount of the disialogangliosides (GD3, GD1a) was also detected. More than 70% of radioactivities into ganglioside fractions by cultured astrocytes, in the presence of N-[3H]-acetylmannosamine, appeared in ganglioside GM3. The upper band component of GM3 increased 60% in long-term astrocyte cultures compared to 35-day-old cultures. Also, an increased GD3 content in long-term astrocyte cultures was detected. These results suggest that the increase of GD3 and upper band GM3 in long-term cultured astrocytes might be related to the appearance of small processes showing strong reactivity against GFAP and vimentin during astrocyte-subculture.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea 6 years after temporal bone fracture].

A 16 year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of left temporal bone fracture and brain contusion in the left temporal lobe. CSF otorrhea was also present for a week. Four years later, when she was 20 years old, she was noticed to have a white mass in the left external auditory canal. One and a half year later, left CSF otorrhea reappeared, and she was readmitted to our hospital. High resolution coronal CT revealed that the left temporal bone fracture had opened widely and brain tissue had herniated into the left external auditory canal. Metrizamide CT cisternography showed that CSF was leaking around the mass. Operative findings have shown that there were two dural defects, both of which were 2 cm in diameter, and brain tissue surrounded by arachnoid membrane had herniated through these defect. The herniated brain tissue was removed, and both dural- and osteo-plasty were successfully carried out. This case indicates that dissociation of temporal bone fracture and laceration of dura mater may cause herniation of brain tissue and CSF otorrhea years later.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Characteristics of primary cultured neurons from embryonic mutant El mouse cerebral cortex.

To elucidate the differences between neurons of epileptogenic animals and those of normal animals, cellular characteristics of neurons of mutant strain El mice which are highly susceptible to seizures were investigated using immunocytochemical techniques. In neurons of 3-day primary cultures, the control ddY mouse neurons showed dividing stages in about 0.2% of neurofilament (NF)-positive neurons, whereas no dividing neurons were observed among the NF-positive El mouse neurons. In 7-day cultures, localization of GD3 ganglioside in the proliferating control ddY mouse neurons was observed, but there was no GD3 ganglioside in the mutant El mouse neuron. The content of GD3 ganglioside detected by high-performance thin-layer chromatography of El mouse cultured cells was ca. 1/4 of that of ddy mice. These findings suggest that neurons of the El mouse are differentiated earlier than those of the control ddY mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ganglioside composition of growth cone-deficient nerve cell cultures.

The ganglioside concentration and composition in growth cone-deficient nerve cells, induced by inclusion of cytochalasin B (CB) are compared with those of 2-day-old control cells from primary cultures of embryonic rat cerebral cortex. Ganglioside GM1 and GD1a are the major gangliosides in the growth cone. Ganglioside GM1 may be one of the membrane components of growth cones that function in neural recognition during development.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Growth cones in developing cultured cortical neurons.

Large numbers of growth cones were present in 6-day-old primary cultures of cerebral hemispheres from fetal rats. The average size of the growth cones was 24 by 28 microns. Many of these growth cones had both veil-like lamellipodia and filopodia. A few cones remained in 21-day-old cultures. These also had lamellipodia and filopodia. Ganglioside GM1 was present in both 6-day-old and 21-day-old cultured growth cones.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Maintenance of neuritic arborization in mitotic neuroblasts identified by neurofilament immunoreactivity. A scanning electron microscope study of primary cell cultures from embryonic rat cerebral hemispheres.

The morphology of mitotic cells identified as neuronal precursors by neurofilament immunoreactivity was studied by scanning electron microscopy in primary dissociated cultures of fetal rat cerebral hemispheres. It is shown that neurofilament-positive neuroblasts maintain their neuritic arborization during cell division suggesting a cytoskeletal function for the neurofilament.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ganglioside GM1 localization in cholinergic neurons visualized by use of a double avidin-biotin complex system.

Localization of ganglioside GM1 in cholinergic neurons from the septal area of a primary culture newborn rat brain was studied with a double avidin-biotin complex system. Cholinergic neurons were identified by double immunolabeling techniques that use choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and neurofilament (NF) protein-antibodies. ChAT-positive neurons also were stained for ganglioside GM1 by using an avidin-biotin complex technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Gangliosides in human and monkey lenses.

The amount of gangliosides was determined in normal human lens, cataractous human lens and normal monkey lens. The total gangliosidic sialic acids averaged 176.3 +/- 44.7 (SD) (n = 4) in normal human lenses, and 272.2 +/- 80.6 (n = 14) nmol per gram wet weight in cataractous lenses, respectively; the difference was statistically significant. In monkey lens, the content was 143.8 +/- 32.4 (n = 4) nmol per gram wet weight. The composition of the gangliosides was analyzed by high performance thin-layer chromatography: the components of the a-pathway biosynthesis comprised 78.3% and 70.2%, and those of the b-pathway 13.8% and 20.9%, in the normal and cataractous human lenses, respectively. In the monkey lens, the components of the a-pathway comprised 33.0% and those of the b-pathway were 56.6% of the total gangliosides. Increase in gangliosides was thought to be related with the mechanism underlying formation of cataract.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Localization of ganglioside GM1 on myelin, in dissociated cells from rat embryonic cerebral hemispheres, using biotinylated choleragen and avidin peroxidase.

The distribution of ganglioside GM1 in primary cultured cells from rat cerebral hemispheres was studied. These dissociated cell cultures are capable of forming myelin. 2',3'-Cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) activity, which is considered to be a good marker for myelin, increased with the onset of myelin formation. Ganglioside GM1 was localized on the myelin-related structures using a biotinylated choleragen and avidin peroxidase technique. The distribution of ganglioside GM1 resembled that of immunostained CNPase.

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1985

Myelin formation in dissociated cell cultures of rat embryonic cerebral hemispheres.

Developing cultures of dissociated cerebral hemispheres obtained from 18-day-old embryonic rats synthesized, or activated, a myelin-related enzyme, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (CNPase). This increase in activity coincided with the onset of myelination. The presence of CNPase in oligodendrocytes and myelin was demonstrated using immunocytochemical staining techniques. Myelinated axons and myelin sheaths were clearly made visible by electron microscopy of 28-day-old cultures.

2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide 3'-Phosphodiesterase↗
PubMed1983

Absence of ganglioside GM1 in astroglial cells from 21-day old rat brain: immunohistochemical, histochemical, and biochemical studies.

A procedure was developed for the cultivation of cells derived from the cerebral hemispheres of the 21-day old rat. Approximately 98 percent of the cells in a 10 day culture are astrocytes that contain glial fibrillary acidic protein. Analysis of the extracted gangliosides by thin layer chromatography revealed that ganglioside GM1 was absent and that the predominant ganglioside was GM3. Very small amounts of the polysialogangliosides GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b were detected. The concentration of gangliosidic NeuNAc per mg protein in these astrocytes was only 3 percent that observed in the 5 day culture of a mixed cell preparation from newborn rat brain. Immunohistochemical and histochemical studies were performed on the mixed cell population of the minced tissue of 21-day old rat brain prior to cultivation. Astrocytes did not stain for hyaluronectin. These cells also did not provide a positive staining reaction for ganglioside GM1 utilizing the antiganglioside GM1 peroxidase-antiperoxidase procedure and the biotinylated choleragen-avidin-peroxidase procedure. These two histochemical methods for ganglioside GM1 also did not stain astrocytes that had been cultured for 5 days. Oligodendroglial cells, which were also present in the uncultured 21-day-old minced brain tissue, stained positively for ganglioside GM1 and hyaluronectin. Hyaluronectin had previously been shown to be a marker for oligodendroglia. Oligodendroglial cells which were present in the 5 day cultures of 21-day old brain tissue also provided a positive reaction for ganglioside GM1. It is concluded that ganglioside GM1 is absent in astroglia. The presence of small amounts of polysialogangliosides in the "pure" astrocyte preparation is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Localization of hyaluronectin in oligodendroglial cells.

Astroglia and oligodendroglia in primary cell cultures were identified by immunohistochemical staining with antiglial fibrillary acidic protein and anticerebroside antisera, respectively. The antiserum to hyaluronectin (HN) was utilized to show that this hyaluronic acid-binding glycoprotein was localized in the oligodendroglial cels. This is consistent with the recent finding that HN is localized in the node of Ranvier. Astroglia did not react with antihyaluronectin.

Animals↗