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Biomedical subjects

H Asai

Publications and source records attributed to H Asai.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Formation of mast-cell colonies in methylcellulose by mouse skin cells and development of mucosal-like mast cells from the cloned cells in the gastric mucosa of W/Wv mice.

Connective tissue-type mast cells, other than those located in the serosal cavity, are fixed in the tissues. For study of the differentiation processes of mast cells in connective tissue, an in vitro method for producing mast-cell colonies is required. The authors enzymatically dispersed the cells from the skin of either neonatal or adult mice and plated them in methylcellulose containing pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell-conditioned medium (PWM-SCM). More than 97% of the colonies that developed consisted of mast cells alone. The clonal nature of the mast-cell colonies was determined by using the giant granules of C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ mice as a marker: even when a mixture of skin cells from C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ and C57BL/6-+/+ mice was plated, most of the resulting colonies consisted of either bgJ/bgJ-type mast cells alone or +/+-type mast cells alone. In spite of depletion of T-cell-derived factors, concentrations of mast cells and mast cell colony-forming units (CFU-Mast) in the skin of nude athymic mice are normal. However, PWM-SCM was necessary for in vitro development of mast-cell colonies from the skin of nude mice. The concentration of CFU-Mast in the skin of genetically mast-cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice was negligible when compared with the value observed in the skin of control WBB6F1-+/+ mice. Individual mast-cell colonies derived from the skin of neonatal WBB6F1-+/+ mice were lifted from the methylcellulose, and cells from each colony were injected into the wall of the glandular stomach and the skin of WBB6F1-W/Wv mice. Most of the mast cell that appeared at the skin injection sites of the WBB6F1-W/Wv mice stained with berberine sulfate, indicating that they contained heparin. In contrast, the mast cells that appeared in the stomach mucosa of the recipient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice did not stain. This suggests that CFU-Mast located in the skin have not been committed to the connective tissue type. The present method may be useful for investigation of the mechanisms of mast-cell differentiation in connective tissue other than the serosal cavity.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Hybrid resistance to parental mast cell precursors in the skin of (WB X C57BL/6)F1-W/Wv mice.

When bone marrow cells of (WB X C57BL/6)F1-+/+ (WBB6F1-+/+) and WB-+/+ (WB) mice were directly injected into the skin of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice, mast cell clusters appeared at the injection sites. However, the number of WB bone marrow cells necessary for appearance of mast cell clusters was significantly larger than when bone marrow cells of WBB6F1-+/+ mice were used. When WB bone marrow cells were mixed either with WB thymus cells or with silica particles, the proportion of injection sites at which mast cell clusters appeared increased to the level that was observed after the injection of the same number of WBB6F1-+/+ bone marrow cells. When suckling WBB6F1-W/Wv mice of less than or equal to 18 days of age were used as recipients, bone marrow cells of WBB6F1-+/+ and WB mice produced mast cell clusters with a comparable efficiency. Both syngeneic thymus cells and silica particles are known to abrogate the hybrid resistance that is observed in the spleen against parental hematopoietic stem cells. The hybrid resistance in the spleen is not detectable in suckling mice, either. Thus, the poor growth of mast cell precursors in the skin and the poor growth of hematopoietic stem cells in the spleen seem to be regulated by the same mechanism.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Development of mucosal mast cells after injection of a single connective tissue-type mast cell in the stomach mucosa of genetically mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice.

Mast cells may be classified into at least two phenotypically distinct populations: connective tissue-type mast cells (CTMC) and mucosal mast cells (MMC). Mast cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice are typical CTMC, whereas mast cells in the mucosa of the stomach show morphologic characteristics of MMC. We investigated whether CTMC may change to MMC. A single peritoneal mast cell of WBB6F1-+/+ mice was identified under the phase-contrast microscope, picked up with the micromanipulator, and injected into the stomach wall of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice. The cells with histochemical and electron microscopical features of MMC developed in the mucosa, and those with histochemical features of CTMC in the muscularis propria. This directly demonstrates that a certain proportion of CTMC may function as a bipotent precursor for both MMC and CTMC.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Formation of mast cell colonies in methylcellulose by mouse peritoneal cells and differentiation of these cloned cells in both the skin and the gastric mucosa of W/Wv mice: evidence that a common precursor can give rise to both "connective tissue-type" and "mucosal" mast cells.

We investigated the issue of mast cell heterogeneity by cloning mast cell colonies from peritoneal cells in methylcellulose, injecting the cloned cells into the skin and stomach of mast cell-deficient (WB X C57BL/6)F1-W/Wv (WBB6F1-W/Wv) mice, and staining the mast cells that developed in these sites with Berberine sulfate, a fluorescent dye that identifies heparin-containing mast cells. When peritoneal cells of nontreated WBB6F1-+/+ mice were plated in methylcellulose containing pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell conditioned medium, pure mast cell colonies developed. In contrast, the peritoneal cavity of genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice lacked the progenitor cells that made mast-cell colonies. The clonal nature of the mast cell colonies was determined by using the giant granules of C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ mice as a marker: even when mixture of peritoneal cells of C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ mice and C57BL/6-+/+ mice were plated, all of the resulting colonies consisted of either bgJ/bgJ-type mast cells alone or +/+-type mast cells alone. Individual mast c 11 colonies of WBB6F1-+/+ mouse origin were divided into two parts; one part was directly injected into the wall of the glandular stomach of a WBB6F1-W/Wv mouse, and another part was injected into the skin of the same W/Wv mouse. Injections of 14 of 46 such colonies resulted in development of mast cells in both the "connective tissues" (skin or stomach muscle or both) and the stomach mucosa. Mast cells in the connective tissues were stained with Berberine-sulfate, indicating that they contained heparin, whereas mast cells in the stomach mucosa were not. These results suggest that a single precursor cell can give rise to both "connective tissue-type" and "mucosal" mast cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Lateralization phenomenon of complex auditory hallucinations.

A case is described of a patient who developed a transient verbal hallucination, lateralized to the right ear, and fluent aphasia after a hemorrhagic infarction in the left superior temporal gyrus. On the basis of this patient and the cases in the literature showing unilateral complex auditory hallucinations, the clinical significance of the lateralization phenomenon of complex auditory hallucinations was investigated. As a result, the lateralization phenomenon of complex auditory hallucinations could be considered a significant clinical sign indicating the existence of a lesion in the superior temporal gyrus opposite the hallucination side.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1986

Antiulcer effect of (-)-cis-2,3-dihydro-3-(4-methylpiperazinylmethyl) -2-phenyl-1,5-benzothiazepin-4-(5H)-one hydrochloride (BTM-1086) in experimental animals.

Effects of (-) cis-2,3-dihydro-3-(4-methylpiperazinylmethyl)-2-phenyl-1,5-benz othiazepin-4-(5H ) -one hydrochloride (BTM-1086) on various experimental gastric and duodenal ulcers were studied in rats. In the pylorus-ligated ulcer, restraint and water immersion stress ulcer, and drug-induced ulcer (indomethacin, aspirin, reserpine, serotonin, cysteamine), BTM-1086 prevented the development of ulcer at a dose of 0.1 to 1 mg/kg, p.o., but only weakly inhibited the histamine-induced gastric ulcer. The inhibitory activities of BTM-1086 were significantly higher than those of atropine sulfate. In the healing experiment with the acetic acid-induced stomach ulcer, BTM-1086 (1 mg/kg/day, p.o., X 14) showed a significant healing effect, which was higher than that of propantheline bromide. BTM-1086 at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, i.d., remarkably inhibited the gastric secretion 6 hr after pylorus ligation. The aspirin-induced reductions of the total acid and K+ as well as the increments of the volume and Na+ in the gastric secretion were prevented dose-dependently by pretreatment with BTM-1086.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Hemodilutional therapy in raised intracranial pressure; observations in a case of cerebral infarction associated with polycythemia vera].

A 36-year-old man presented with sudden onset of hemorrhagic cerebral infarction in association with polycythemia vera. On admission this patient manifested semicomatous state and left hemiplegia which were gradually progressed. X ray CT demonstrated a severe hemorrhagic infarction in right MCA territory accompanying marked shift of midline structures. Cerebral angiograms represented occlusion of right MCA showing floating emboli in the internal carotid. Hematocrit value was found to be high as 61.2 per cent. Elevated ICP levels were noted by means of epidural pressure monitoring. Deterioration of patient status was considered to be based on impairment of cerebral circulation due to hemostasis by elevated blood viscosity. In addition to administration of mannitol solution, intermittent exsanguinations, 1000 ml in total amount, were performed and hematocrit levels were corrected by hemodilution. Consciousness level was remarkably improved in accordance with reduction of ICP, which well corresponded to values of hematocrit. Level of ICP and tissue perfusion are convinced to be strongly affected by hemorheological factor in the state of raised ICP.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Comparative studies of antitumor activities of oxalate (1R, 2R-cyclohexanediammine) platinum (II) and cis-dichlorodiammine-platinum (II) using ovarian cancer transplanted into nude mice].

A new platinum coordination complex, l-OHP [oxalato (1R, 2R-cyclohexanediammine) platinum (II)], has been shown to be an active anticancer agent in animals. In the present study comparisons of the effects on human ovarian carcinomas transplanted into nude mice (OCl-1-N, OS-4-N, OY-1-N) between l-OHP and CDDP, were investigated. l-OHP (6 mg/kg, 9 mg/kg) and CDDP (3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally in a schedule of every four days for three doses. Simultaneously the tumor size and the body weight were measured and the peripheral WBC and serum BUN were examined. The results were as follows: 1) The antitumor activity of l-OHP corresponded to that of CDDP in proportion to the Pt content and mouse LD50. 2) In l-OHP, there was no elevation of the BUN value and less decrease in body weight, but the peripheral leukopenia was more severe, although reversible. l-OHP is an active anticancer agent against xenografts in nude mice and is strongly recommended for clinical application.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Fate of bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells after intracutaneous, intraperitoneal, and intravenous transfer into genetically mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice. Evidence that cultured mast cells can give rise to both connective tissue type and mucosal mast cells.

Both connective tissue mast cells and mast cells grown in vitro are derived from multipotential hematopoietic stem cells, but these two mast cell populations exhibit many differences in morphology, biochemistry, and function. We investigated whether the phenotype of cultured mast cells or their progeny was altered when the cells were transferred into different locations in vivo. Cultured mast cells were immature by ultrastructure, and stained with alcian blue but with neither safranin or berberine sulfate, a fluorescent dye that binds to the heparin of connective tissue mast cell granules. By contrast, mast cells recovered from the peritoneal cavity of congenitally mast cell-deficient (WB X C57BL/6)F1-W/Wv (WBB6F1-W/Wv) mice 10 wk after intraperitoneal injection of cultured WBB6F1-+/+ or C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ mast cells stained with both safranin and berberine sulfate. Staining with berberine sulfate was prevented by treatment of the cells with heparinase but not chondroitinase ABC, suggesting that the adoptively transferred mast cell population had acquired the ability to synthesize and store heparin. Furthermore, the recovered mast cells were indistinguishable by ultrastructure from the normal mature peritoneal mast cells of WBB6F1-+/+ mice, and contained substantially more histamine than mast cells studied directly from culture. Intravenous injection of cultured mast cells resulted in the development of safranin-and berberine sulfate-positive mast cells in the peritoneal cavity, spleen, skin, and glandular stomach muscularis propria. Mast cells also developed on the glandular stomach mucosa, but these cells stained with alcian blue rather than safranin, and did not stain with berberine sulfate. This result suggests that cultured mast cells can give rise to mast cells of either the connective tissue type or mucosal phenotype, depending on anatomical location. Furthermore, transplantation of cultured mast cells into WBB6F1-W/Wv mice had no measurable effect on the anemia of the recipient mice, suggesting a possible strategy for repairing the mast cell deficiency of WBB6F1-W/Wv mice without affecting other bone marrow-derived populations such as erythrocytes. Intravenous injection of representative connective tissue type mast cells (30-50% pure peritoneal mast cells derived from WBB6F1-+/+ mice) gave results similar to those obtained with cultured mast cells: mast cells developing in the peritoneal cavity, skin, spleen, and glandular stomach muscularis propria of WBB6F1-W/Wv recipients stained with safranin and berberine sulfate, whereas mast cells developing in the mucosa of the glandular stomach stained only with alcian blue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

On the rotational brownian motion of a bacterial idle motor. II. Theory of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.

The photon flux autocorrelation function of a fluorescent label attached to a bacterial motor shaft is calculated for the case in which the bacterial motor is considered to be actively but idly rotating. It is shown that even when the fluorescent label has a very short lifetime, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy should provide a useful tool for determining the rate of revolution of the bacterial motor under various solution conditions.

Bacterial Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1985

Estrogen-induced increase in eosinophil number and peroxidase activity in uterus of genetically mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice.

The role of mast cells in induction of uterine eosinophilia was investigated by using genetically mast cell-deficient (WB X C57BL/6)F1-W/Wv (hereafter called WBB6F1-W/Wv) mice. The injection of estradiol-17 beta (0.16 micrograms/g body weight) increased the peroxidase activity and eosinophil number in the uteri of castrated WBB6F1-W/Wv and WBB6F1-+/+ mice. Since no significant differences were detectable between these two type of mice, mast cells did not seem to be essential for the estrogen-induced uterine eosinophilia, at least in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Differentiation processes of connective tissue mast cells in living mice.

Mice of mutant genotypes were used to investigate the differentiation process of connective tissue mast cells. Mast cell precursors, which are a progeny of the multipotential hematopoietic stem cell, leave the bone marrow, migrate in the bloodstream and enter into connective tissues where they proliferate and differentiate into mast cells. A portion of morphologically identifiable mast cells may function as committed and localized mast cell precursors. When local production of mast cells is demanded, the mast cells with proliferative potentiality respond first. Further demand is met by invasion and differentiation of marrow-derived precursors.

Animals↗