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Biomedical subjects

H Arps

Publications and source records attributed to H Arps.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

DNA cytophotometry and prognosis in ovarian tumors of borderline malignancy. A clinicomorphologic study of 80 cases.

Surgical specimens of 80 ovarian tumors of borderline malignancy (OTBM) were investigated by scanning DNA cytophotometry. Diploid or euploid DNA histograms were found for 21 tumors, whereas 59 OTBM showed noneuploid or aneuploid DNA patterns. All patients were followed-up after surgery for at least 3 years (mean observation period, 6.7 years). Follow-up showed 11 cases of recurrent disease and 6 deaths. DNA findings and several other morphologic and clinical details (including patient age, histologic type and stage of disease, and extent of therapy) were correlated to the postoperative course. Statistical analyses disclosed that, of these parameters, only DNA content significantly affected prognosis. Recurrences and deaths resulting from tumor exclusively were observed among patients with noneuploid or aneuploid OTBM, whereas none of the diploid or euploid tumors recurred (P less than 0.05). DNA cytophotometry thus might be regarded as an effective complementary means to assess the prognosis of individual OTBM cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

DNA-cytophotometry and immunocytochemistry in ovarian tumours of borderline malignancy and related peritoneal lesions.

A total of 34 surgical specimens, obtained from 13 patients with ovarian tumours of borderline malignancy (OTBM), were investigated by conventional histology, immunocytochemistry and DNA cytophotometry. The lesions were obtained by primary ovarian surgery or second-look procedures and altogether comprised 19 (single and bilateral) OTBM, 8 cases of endosalpingiosis, 4 in situ and 2 invasive peritoneal implants and 1 overt adenocarcinoma. The morphological findings were related to follow-up data, which showed neoplasms with clinically malignant behaviour in 2 patients. The histology of the extra-ovarian manifestations was not associated with their immunocytochemical properties or with their DNA content. There were no correlations between the evolution of disease and microscopical features but the clinical course appeared to be linked to the DNA content of the extra-ovarian lesions, which was of greater prognostic importance than DNA ploidy of the ovarian tumours. Recurrence-free survival was noted in all 5 patients with diploid or euploid extra-ovarian proliferations, while the 2 clinically malignant cases fell into the group of 3 patients with noneuploid or aneuploid specimens. DNA estimations may be a methodology which increases the prognostic value of second-look procedures in OTBM patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Radiotherapy of local recurrence following radical prostatectomy.

Between 1977 and 1991, 20 patients with radical prostatectomy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate and palpable, biopsy-proven local recurrence without evidence of metastases underwent radiotherapy. Of these patients 16 were treated with orchiectomy combined with irradiation and four patients underwent irradiation alone. Local control, as determined by rectal palpation was achieved in 19/20 patients. Eleven patients are still alive without disease. Disease-free survival (determined since 1987 including PSA) was 68% for five years and 41% for ten years. 6/9 patients have died with cancer, three patients died intercurrent free of disease. Overall survival remained 51% for five years and 31% for ten years. Prevention of local recurrence is of great importance and these data support the adjuvant post-operative irradiation in defined patients at risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Signet ring carcinoma in the urinary tract. Primary tumor or metastases of an occult neoplasm?].

Between 26/2/88 and 23/6/88 we treated four patients with signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary tract. There was no conformity in clinical development, results of laboratory investigations, histomorphology or symptoms. For the first time, DNA cytophotometry was used to examine histological preparations of urinary signet ring cell carcinoma. This method provides information about the prognosis of the malignant disease, as it reveals the DNA distribution in the tumor cells. In three cases there was a clearly pathologic so-called an-euploid DNA distribution, indicating the high malignant potency of this tumor entity.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1990

Membrane vesicle formation due to acquired mitoxantrone resistance in human gastric carcinoma cell line EPG85-257.

A newly established gastric carcinoma cell line (EPG85-257P) exhibited a high sensitivity to mitoxantrone (DHAD) as determined by a monolayer proliferation assay. The concentration to inhibit cell growth to 50% of controls (IC50) was 0.0022 micrograms/ml culture medium. The cells were continuously incubated for more than 4 months in the presence of stepwise increased concentrations of DHAD, and the IC50 was increased to 0.41 micrograms/ml, i.e., 186.4-fold. This resistant variant was named EPG85-257RNOV. The EPG85-257RNOV cells became cross-resistant to Adriamycin with enhanced IC50 by 10.5-fold and to daunomycin with enhanced IC50 by 3.9-fold. No distinct resistance was observed to vinblastine, vincristine, and colchicine. Verapamil (10(-6), 4 X 10(-6) and 10(-5) M) and cyclosporin A (10(-6), 3 X 10(-6) and 10(-5) M) did not reverse DHAD resistance. As shown by immunocytochemistry (monoclonal antibodies: C219 and JSB-1) and Northern blot analysis, DHAD resistance was not associated with the appearance of the multidrug resistance (MDR)-associated (Mr 170,000) P-glycoprotein or the overexpression of P-glycoprotein mRNA. The data indicate a chemoresistance pattern unlike typical MDR (often called "atypical" MDR). The phenotypes of parent and resistant EPG85-257 cells were compared using interference contrast microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunocytochemistry. After DHAD application the following structural characteristics were found to be associated with emergence of resistance: (a) intensive formation of surface vesicles in the resistant variant. Such vesicles were almost absent in sensitive cells; (b) the vesicles contained the selecting DHAD which was visualized by its blue color; and (c) in electron microscopy the vesicles were formed by an inner and an outer double membrane, presumably derived from the plasmalemma. These observations suggest a complex cellular mechanism responsible for DHAD resistance which includes formation of membrane vesicles, vesicular drug binding, and drug compartmentalization.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1990

Morphological detection and quantification of lipoprotein(a) deposition in atheromatous lesions of human aorta and coronary arteries.

Lipoprotein(a), as an atherogenic particle, represents an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. In the present study the morphological distribution of apoprotein (a) and apoprotein B within the arterial wall is described. Apoprotein B, a constituent of very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a) has previously been demonstrated in atheromatous lesions. Lipoprotein(a) possesses an additional protein, designated apoprotein (a). Autopsy material (n = 74) from the left coronary artery and from the thoracic aorta has been examined by means of immunohistochemistry and both apoprotein (a) and apoprotein B were detected, primarily associated with the extracellular matrix and accumulating in lesions in the arterial wall. The staining pattern for both antigens was almost always found to be congruent, suggesting that the detection of (a)-antigen has to be attributed at least in part to the presence of lipoprotein(a). It is concluded that both low-density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a) have an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Acinic cell carcinoma of the salivary glands: the prognostic relevance of DNA cytophotometry in a retrospective study of long duration (1965-1987).

Acinic cell carcinomas of the Salivary Gland Registry, Institute of Pathology, University of Hamburg, West Germany, from 1965 to 1980 (n = 55) were evaluated retrospectively with respect to histologic, cytophotometric, and clinical data. The majority of the tumors (92.8%) were located in the parotid gland. Two thirds of the patients were female; one third were male. Mean age at primary diagnosis was 55.4 years. The tumors were graded into highly differentiated (76%) or less differentiated forms (24%) according to classic histologic and cytologic criteria. The clinical course was characterized by no recurrence in 15 cases; in 17 cases, recurrences developed, and 12 patients died of their tumor, some as late as 240 months after primary diagnosis. Differentiation showed a weak correlation with the clinical course. In 35 cases, nuclear DNA content of tumor cells was assessed cytochemically. The tumors were "diploid" or "near-diploid" in 34 cases; DNA content showed no correlation to the clinical course. As a result of long-term follow-up, it becomes evident that acinic cell carcinoma is prone to develop recurrences and metastases. Complete tumor removal during the primary operation seems to be important for controlling the disease inasmuch as the ostensible prognostic predictors evaluated here proved to be unreliable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic factors for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck: a retrospective evaluation of 96 cases.

Cases of adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary (n = 90) and lacrimal glands (n = 6) from the years 1965-1980 were evaluated retrospectively with regard to clinical, epidemiologic and histomorphologic parameters, and in 52 cases, nuclear DNA content was assessed using a single cell scanning cytophotometry procedure in order to determine prognostic factors. Clinical courses were poor with a high incidence of recurrences, hematogenous metastases and deaths from tumor. Histology was related to prognosis, glandular tumors showing a better prognosis than solid ones. Tumor size greater than 4 cm was correlated with an unfavorable clinical course in all cases. Cytophotometry yielded various types of histograms (7 diploid, 10 proliferative, 14 triploid, 19 atypical, 2 tetraploid). Significant correlations were found as to the time of survival, tumors with diploid histograms showing the longest intervals and those with atypical ones the shortest. Although the prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma remains poor, cytophotometry can offer additional prognostic information in the individual case.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Individualization of chemotherapy through in vitro predictive determination of the cytostatic sensitivity of malignant tumors].

An in-vitro test was developed for predicting the efficacy of anti-tumour chemotherapy. Cell cultures were grown from freshly removed tumours and it was then demonstrated by DNA cytophotometry and immuno-cyto-chemistry whether the growing tumour cells corresponded to those of the original tumour cells. Several cytostatic agents were then tested for their efficacy of inhibiting growth at clinically customary dosage. Growing cell cultures were established in 306 of 413 submitted tumours (74%). They responded quite differently to the various drugs that were tried. The clinical course in 94 cases was observed for minimally four and a mean of eight months to obtain an in-vitro to in-vivo correlation of response, with 178 individual correlations. A discrepancy was recorded in 16% of cases, a false-positive in-vitro sensitivity result was 3.6 times more frequently associated with an in vivo resistance than the reverse. Concordance between test results and clinical tumour response occurred in 84%. The monolayer proliferation assay correctly indicated resistance in 93.8%, sensitivity in 72.8%.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1989

Mucoepidermoid tumors of the salivary glands. Correlation of cytophotometrical data and prognosis.

The mucoepidermoid tumors of the Salivary Gland Registry, Institute of Pathology, University of Hamburg, Western Germany, were evaluated retrospectively with regard to epidemiologic data, clinical follow-up, and cytophotometric data. Clinical data were obtained in 71 cases. Tissue from 46 cases was studied by single cell scanning cytophotometric analysis. Two thirds of the tumors were located in the major salivary glands, the parotid being the most common site, one third occurred in the minor salivary glands. The age range was from 6 to 81 years; peaks were observed in the fourth and seventh decades; the sex distribution was almost equal. By means of a single cell scanning cytophotometric device, a division into "diploid" and "atypical" patterns was possible. The clinical course was well correlated with these two groups, the atypical group showing generally an unfavorable course. Especially in poorly differentiated tumors, selection of clinically aggressive tumors was possible by their atypical DNA distribution pattern. Consequently, single cell DNA assessment can be a useful supplementary tool in the clinicopathologic and prognostic evaluation of mucoepidermoid tumors of the salivary glands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of continuous vs intermittent application of 3-OH-tamoxifen or tamoxifen on the proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 M1.

The antiproliferative potency of 5 x 10(-7) M tamoxifen (TAM) and 3-hydroxytamoxifen (3-OH-TAM) was investigated during continuous (8 days) or intermittent (2 h every 2nd or 3rd day, respectively) application to the oestrogen-receptor-positive, estradiol-sensitive human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 M1, a variant of MCF-7 wild type. Growth modulation was evaluated in parallel by counting cells and by measuring DNA content. Continuous incubation resulted in a growth inhibition to 21.8 +/- 3.2% by 3-OH-TAM and to 39.5 +/- 4.8% by TAM when compared with control cultures defined as 100%. Intermittent addition induced a growth reduction to 23.0 +/- 2.1% by 3-OH-TAM and to 41.2 +/- 2.4% by TAM in relation to 100% controls. Addition of 3-OH-TAM for 2 h only at day 1 resulted in an inhibition to 70.3 +/- 3.2%, again in relation to 100% controls. When TAM was administered once for 2 h at day 1 it induced an inhibition to 79.0 +/- 4.9% at day 8. The in vitro results indicate that (a) at 5 x 10(-7) M 3-OH-TAM has a better antiproliferative effectiveness than TAM, (b) the intermittent application is as effective as continuous application (no significant difference), and (c) the addition once a week reveals only a slight growth reduction after 8 days of culture. Application of the long-living TAM results in continuously high serum concentrations, which have been shown to create resistant cell clones. Compared to TAM the 3-OH metabolite has a considerably shorter half-life and its application in vivo reveals rise and fall of its serum concentrations. Since the presented data demonstrate that 3-OH-TAM is more potent than TAM and that the intermittent application is as effective as the continuous form, interval therapy with 3-OH-TAM may slow down the process of acquiring resistance to antioestrogens.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

The relationship between nuclear DNA content in salivary gland tumors and prognosis. Comparison of mucoepidermoid tumors and acinic cell tumors.

Differences in prognosis between salivary gland mucoepidermoid tumors and acinic cell tumors were compared by means of conventional histopathological grading and nuclear DNA content which was assessed cytochemically by a scanning cytophotometric procedure. The mucoepidermoid tumors were found to show a stronger correlation between histopathological grading and prognosis than did the acinic cell tumors. By using DNA quantification, valuable additional information could be obtained for predicting the behavior of the mucoepidermoid tumors, whereas there was no correlation between DNA content and prognosis for the acinic cell tumors. Regarding the relatively "benign" clinical course of most mucoepidermoid tumors, the term "tumor"--as proposed by the World Health Organization's classification--seems appropriate. In contrast, the more severe clinical courses of the acinic cell tumors justify the use of the term "carcinoma" instead.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1989

Prognosis of salivary adenocarcinomas. A retrospective study of 52 cases with special regard to cytochemically assessed nuclear DNA content.

52 salivary adenocarcinomas of the years 1965-1980 from the files of the Salivary Gland Registry, Institute of Pathology, University of Hamburg, were evaluated retrospectively with regard to clinical follow up and cytochemically assessed nuclear DNA content. The age distribution showed a peak from the 6th to 8th decade (range 3 to 87 years). The m:f ratio was 1:1.36, the mean age was 59.3 years. Over 80% of the tumours were located in the major salivary glands. The clinical course was characterized by metastases present at initial diagnosis (16 cases), subsequent development of metastases (9 cases), local recurrence (15 cases) or death from tumour (10 cases) and was related to differentiation, grade 3 tumours showing the worse clinical courses. In 37 cases, nuclear DNA content was determined by a single scanning cytophotometry device. 28 cases were diploid, 9 were atypical. The clinical course was significantly related to the histogram type, atypical tumours showing a dismal prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Cytokines and pancreatic cancer. The effect of rIFN-gamma, HuLeIFN, rTNF-alpha, and LAK-cells on pancreatic and other gastrointestinal tumors in vitro.

A panel of 10 digestive tract carcinoma cell lines (6 pancreatic carcinomas) was assayed for their sensitivity to HuLeIFN, human rIFN-gamma, rTNF-alpha and allogeneic human LAK-cells in vitro. In addition, a combination of rIFN-gamma + rTNF-alpha was tested on 3 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Whereas 6/7 cell lines were completely resistant to HuLeIFN, rIFN-gamma and rTNF-alpha did inhibit growth of some carcinomas tested. The individual sensitivity was heterogenous as is already known from cytostatics. Response to rIFN-gamma tended to increase with increment of cell doubling time. Only high concentrations (greater than 1000 U/ml) of rIFN-gamma displayed cytotoxicity on sensitive tumors. The antitumoral effect of rIFN-gamma was stimulated by rTNF-alpha. As revealed by isobole analysis this interaction was synergistic in all pancreatic carcinomas tested. In comparison to rIFN-gamma or rTNF-alpha the response to LAK-cells was slightly superior at high effector target ratios, even though heterogenous.

Biological Factors↗
PubMed1989

Epithelial-myoepithelial duct carcinoma of salivary glands: a follow-up and cytophotometric study of 21 cases.

The Salivary Gland Registry provided 21 cases of epithelial-myoepithelial duct carcinoma of salivary glands from 1965-1980 which were evaluated retrospectively for clinical follow-up and cytophotometric data; 81% were localized in the major, 19% in the minor salivary glands. The male:female ratio was 1:1.1, 10 patients (47.6%) being men and 11 (52.4%) women. The youngest patient was 27, the oldest 91 y old. The mean age was 59.3 y (overall), 57.9 y (women) and 61.0 (men). The clinical course was characterized by lymph node metastases present at initial diagnosis and local recurrences in 23.5%. No patient died of the tumor. In 12 cases, cytochemical assessment of nuclear DNA by means of single cell scanning cytophotometry yielded diploid histograms. According to clinical and cytophotometrical data, epithelial-myoepithelial duct carcinoma of salivary glands can be regarded as a proper tumor entity of low grade malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cytokines and pancreatic cancer. Sensitivity of xenotransplants of predominantly pancreatic carcinomas to rIFN-gamma and rTFN-alpha in nude mice.

Ten xenotransplants of human gastrointestinal carcinomas (eight human pancreatic carcinomas) were assayed for their sensitivity to human rIFN-gamma and human rTNF-alpha in nude mice. Both substances demonstrated a dose and route dependent antitumoral activity in principle. However, the extent of response varied distinctly between the tested xenografts. rTNF-alpha was clearly superior to rIFN-gamma at systemic application of comparable doses (0.8 mg/kg/d). Intramural administration of both cytokines could cause cytotoxic effects and was significantly more effective than systemic administration that predominantly resulted in antiproliferation. Growth inhibition of rIFN-gamma or rTNF-alpha alone could be clearly enhanced by combining both cytokines. In addition, the results suggest: the possibility to enhance the effects of rIFN-gamma alone also by combination with nIL 2, as well as a decrease of the effects of rTNF-alpha with time of therapy.

Animals↗