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Biomedical subjects

H Arnesen

Publications and source records attributed to H Arnesen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Influence of highly concentrated n-3 fatty acids on serum lipids and hemostatic variables in survivors of myocardial infarction receiving either oral anticoagulants or matching placebo.

Forty patients with previous myocardial infarction were given 4 capsules with 1 g concentrated fish oil preparation daily for 4 weeks. No special diet was applied. The supplementation was equivalent to 3.4 grams of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) daily. Twenty-two of the 40 subjects received concomitant treatment with long-term oral anticoagulants (OAC). The fatty acid composition of serum after the supplementation period showed a significant increase in the proportion of EPA and DHA, while arachidonic acid (AA) remained essentially constant. This resulted in a rise of the EPA/AA ratio from 0.59 to 1.49 (p less than 0.001), confirming satisfying absorption of the concentrate. Blood lipids showed an overall decrease of triglycerides (TG) by 25% (p = 0.02), while total cholesterol rose by 5% (p = 0.03) and HDL-cholesterol was unaffected. Blood glucose and the TG associated factors plasminogen activator inhibitor and factor VII-phospholipid complex revealed trends towards reduction. Ivy bleeding time showed a significant prolongation, the median increasing from 240 to 270 seconds. A significant increase of fibrinogen was seen, as was a decrease of clotting time in the combined prothrombin test in patients receiving concomitant OAC. Thus, given for 4 weeks, the investigated concentrate of n-3 fatty acids exerts not merely beneficial effects as far as the risk profile for atherosclerotic disease is concerned. The results also point towards interactions with OAC that may be of clinical relevance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Non-respondents in a post-myocardial infarction trial: characteristics and reasons for refusal.

We surveyed the 270 survivors of acute myocardial infarction who refused to participate in the Warfarin Re-Infarction Study (WARIS). Information on medical variables were derived from registration forms completed by hospital staff upon discharge, whereas data on a variety of health conditions and reasons for refusal were gathered by mailed questionnaires, 178 (66%) of which were returned. Some disparities were found when comparing non-respondents and participants, the former showing more potential bad risk factors. The diversities between participants and non-respondents are of yet unknown prognostic importance. However, the presence of such differences imply that information on characteristics of non-respondents in clinical trials is desirable in terms of generalizability of the trial results. Reasons stated for non-participation reflect poor motivation, low mobility and saturation with focusing on disease. A slight co-variation between social status and reasons for refusal was noted.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Correlation between plasma levels of selenium and antithrombin-III.

Patients with previous myocardial infarction were tested for antithrombin-III (AT-III) activity and selenium levels in their plasma and compared with sex- and age-matched healthy control individuals. Patients and controls showed a positive correlation between AT-III and selenium levels (r = 0.27, p = 0.015). After calculatory adjustment for this correlation, selenium was found to be significantly negatively correlated with disease. Multivariate analysis of differences between patients and controls indicated that triglyceride levels in serum had the greatest discriminatory ability (r2 = 0.169), followed by AT-III (r2 = 0.072) and selenium (r2 = 0.056). The increased AT-III levels were correlated with the use of warfarin and beta blockers in the patients, but these drugs could not explain the comparatively low selenium levels in the patients. Serum total cholesterol and plasma fatty acid composition had no discriminatory power in multivariate testing. The various fatty acid did not show co-variation with the selenium levels. The clinical significance of these observations is not clear, but they are consistent with the hypothesis that selenium is an important determinant in cardiovascular disease. The relation between AT-III and selenium should be further evaluated.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1987

Increased fibrinolytic activity after surgery induced by low dose heparin.

Forty women undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia for hyperplasia mammae were randomized to treatment with low dose heparin (5000 IU twice daily) or not. Preoperatively, and repeated on the 3. postoperative day, assays of euglobulin clot lysis time (ELT) after venous stasis, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) were performed. Compared to the control group heparin was found to give a significant rise in t-PA antigen before (24.0 vs. 11.2 ng/ml, p = 0.02), and especially after venous stasis (104.8 vs. 47.3 ng/ml, P = 0.007). t-PA activity was also significantly more increased after venous stasis in the heparin group than among the controls (4.2 vs. 1.4 U/ml, p = 0.04). This was also reflected in the ELT after venous stasis which was significantly shorter in the heparin group (p = 0.01). No differences in PAI were found between the groups. The present results point to a heparin-induced increase of t-PA synthesis in the endothelium, also giving rise to an increased level of circulating t-PA as measured immunologically. This effect of small dose heparin may play an important role in the prophylaxis against thrombo-emboli, in addition to the anticoagulant effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Factor VII-phospholipid complex in male survivors of acute myocardial infarction.

The presence of an activated form of coagulation factor VII--a factor VII-phospholipid complex--in male survivors of myocardial infarction is described. The level of this complex did not correlate with age or level of conventional risk factor score, but showed a highly significant positive correlation with serum triglycerides in all the subgroups as well as in the whole study population (r = 0.88, p less than 0.0001). Measurement of this form of activated factor VII may constitute a simple and promising method for additional screening of men at risk for cardiovascular disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Warfarin and uric acid after myocardial infarction.

In order to assess the influence of warfarin on serum urate concentration, changes in serum urate were studied in 50 patients after myocardial infarction. The patients studied were part of a prospective, randomized placebo-controlled study of warfarin after myocardial infarction. Twenty-three of the patients were treated with warfarin and 27 received placebo. The mean uric acid level fell in both groups during an average of 10 months (range 6-20 months), the reduction being of the same order of magnitude in either group. This implies that warfarin, in contrast to some other oral anticoagulants, does not exert any uric acid lowering effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Low and high risk coronary patients discriminated by blood platelet fatty acid composition.

The distribution of 11 long-chain fatty acids in platelet phospholipids were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis with groups of high and low risk coronary patients and controls. The alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) had significant explanatory power between the groups. As has been anticipated from studies in Eskimos, the EPA fraction was low in coronary patients. It was lower in high risk patients than in low risk patients, and lower in patients below rather than above, 60 years of age. Young high risk patients had 1.2 +/- 0.2% (Mean, SE) EPA against 1.8 +/- 0.2% in young controls, (p = 0.035). Old low risk patients had the highest EPA and also the highest DHA, 2.9 +/- 0.3% against 2.3 +/- 0.2% in controls. The ALA was low in low risk patients. Patients with low platelet EPA and high serum cholesterol should be included in trials with EPA rich diets.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Streptokinase of heparin in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis. Follow-up results of a prospective study.

In a previous study on 42 patients with acute deep vein thrombosis, randomly allocated to treatment with streptokinase or heparin, we found that 71.4% of the streptokinase-treated patients achieved phlebographically significant thrombolysis as compared to 23.8% in the heparin group. These patients have been reevaluated after a mean observation period of 6 1/2 years. Seven patients had died and there were no other drop-outs. Thus, 35 patients were subjected to the follow-up study consisting of phlebography and clinical examination. The evaluations were performed without knowledge of the initial therapy. Seven patients had phlebographically normal veins, and all belonged to the streptokinase group. This difference between the treatment groups is statistically highly significant (p less than 0.01). At clinical examination, 13 of the 17 patients in the streptokinase group had normal legs and 4 exhibited moderate postthrombotic changes. In contrast, 3 of the heparin-treated patients showed serious postthrombotic changes with open leg ulcers, and only 6 of 18 patients in this group had normal legs. The present results strongly support the assumption that streptokinase therapy is the best treatment at present in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis. This has been shown for the initial thrombolysis, and now also for the avoidance of late postthrombotic changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Hyperlipoproteinaemia and reduced fibrinolytic activity in healthy coronary high-risk men.

One hundred and four consecutive men from the non-symptomatic hyperlipoproteinaemic group of the Oslo Study were examined with regard to their fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion of the arm. Sixty-eight per cent showed reduced fibrinolytic activity as compared to 24% of 21 age-matched healthy coronary low-risk men. In the hyperlipoproteinaemic group, 55 individuals had been on a moderate lipid-lowering diet for about 3 years, whereas the other 49 had not (controls). The diet group showed a market tendency towards normalization of their lipoprotein patterns, but this was not significantly associated with normalization of the fibrinolytic activity. Out of 20 men with type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia, 95% showed reduced fibrinolytic activity. The association between hypertriglyceridaemia (type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia) and reduced fibrinolytic activity might possibly be explained by a reduced lipoprotein lipase activity in these individuals.

Adult↗