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Biomedical subjects

H Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to H Aoki.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Two cases of cerebral aneurysms combined with polycystic kidneys].

Two cases of cerebral aneurysm combined with polycystic kidneys (PCKs) were presented. Case 1, a 24-year-old hypertensive male, was referred to our clinic owing to sudden onset of severe headache at August 20, 1982. Neurological findings on admission were stuporous, right vitreous hemorrhage (so-called Terson's syndrome), and hypertension. CT scans showed subarachnoid hemorrhage, and right MCA bifurcation aneurysm with marked vasospasms by cerebral angiography was revealed. Intentional delayed operation with V-P shunt was performed. He discharged with mild left upper limb paresis, and visual impairment on the right. Bilateral PCKs were confirmed by postoperative DIP and CT scan. Case 2, a 51-year-old female, who suddenly complained of severe headache, was referred to our department 3 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage. One year previously, she had been pointed out PCKs. Neurological findings on admission at February 29, 1980, were drowsy, left third cranial nerve palsy, and hypertension. Cerebral angiography showed multiple aneurysms (bilateral IC-PC & A-com). Neck clipping (1-IC-PC & A-com) and coating (r-IC-PC) were performed at the next day of admission, and V-P shunt operation was followed about 8 weeks after first operation. About 2 weeks after discharge, she suddenly became loss of consciousness and expired. Autopsy revealed intracerebral hemorrhage in left basal ganglia and thalamus. Both kidneys were PCKs of Potter type 3 and cysts of the liver were also noted. In young hypertensive patients with cerebral aneurysms, it should be in mind whether PCKs may be combined or not, and cerebral angiography in PCKs were reasonable to find out harbored cerebral aneurysm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Heat(40 degrees C)-induced polypeptides in human embryonic fibroblasts.

The synthesis of 3 polypeptides with molecular weights of 103-, 80- and 78-kdalton (K) was dramatically accelerated when the cultures of human embryonic fibroblasts were transferred from 37 to 40 degrees C. The induction of these polypeptides was not observed if actinomycin D was added to the cultures at the beginning of the rising of the temperature, indicating that this response may be mediated by increased transcription of their messenger RNA.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Vitamin D-mediated decrease of Ca2+-pump activity in the rat parotid gland.

In vitro activities of Ca2+-ATPase and 45Ca2+ uptake in microsomes, which were prepared from vitamin D-deficient rat parotid glands, were decreased in parallel by the oral administration of vitamin D3 as compared with those of control animals (r = 0.83). In vivo 45Ca2+ uptake in the parotid glands of vitamin D-deficient rats was also decreased by the oral administration of vitamin D3.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Identification of DNA polymerase(s) involved in the repair of viral and cellular DNA in herpes simplex virus type 2-infected cells.

When human embryonic fibroblasts (HEF) were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), replicative viral DNA synthesis and some repair synthesis of cellular DNA were induced at the early stage of infection, but almost all DNA synthesis at the late stage of infection was derived from repair synthesis of cellular and viral DNA (Y. Nishiyama and F. Rapp, Virology 110, 466-475, 1981). In this study, we have assessed the effects of DNA polymerase inhibitors on repair DNA synthesis HSV-2-infected HEF. Both viral and cellular DNA syntheses during the late stage of infection were extremely resistant to aphidicolin and phosphonoacetic acid but partially sensitive to high concentrations of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, while replicative viral DNA synthesis during the early stage of infection was very sensitive to all of those inhibitors. The results suggest that neither HSV-induced DNA polymerase nor cellular DNA polymerase alpha was involved in the repair synthesis of viral and cellular DNA but that cellular DNA polymerase beta was.

Aphidicolin↗
PubMed1983

Mechanism of uncoating of influenza B virus in MDCK cells: action of chloroquine.

Exposure of influenza B virus-infected MDCK cells to chloroquine at the time of infection resulted in significant inhibition of infection. The appearance of input virus in the intracellular vesicles was not affected in the presence of the drug, but primary transcription of the virus genome did not occur. Chloroquine caused a rapid rise in the pH inside the lysosomes of MDCK cells, to 6.5 from the physiological pH 5.6. In contrast, exposure of infected cells incubated in acidic medium (pH 6.0) to chloroquine did not cause an increase in lysosomal pH and this low pH treatment during the chloroquine-sensitive phase was followed by virus production. Influenza B virus induced haemolysis of chick erythrocytes at low pH values (5.0 to 5.9) which was associated with cell-cell membrane fusion. It is likely that chloroquine prevents the uncoating of influenza B virus by increasing the lysosomal pH above the critical value required for inducing fusion between the virus envelope and the lysosomal membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of high salt treatment on influenza B viral protein synthesis in MDCK cells.

Based on the information that high salt inhibits the initiation of cellular mRNA translation which depends on the function of the 5'-terminal structure of mRNA, we compared the effect of high salt on translation of host cellular mRNAs and influenza viral mRNAs, both of which are of 5'-terminal structure. Brief exposure of influenza B virus-infected MDCK cells to high salt medium resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of viral polypeptide synthesis as well as of cellular polypeptide synthesis, but it had less effect on synthesis of viral polypeptides, particularly nonstructural protein (NS). Under these conditions the Na+ content of the infected cells was significantly increased. A similar salt effect on in vitro translation of viral and cellular mRNAs extracted from infected cells was also observed. There was no significant difference in sensitivity to hypertonic block of in vivo translation of influenza viral mRNAs and vesicular stomatitis virus mRNAs, the latter of which possess a virus-directed structure at the 5'-terminus.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Studies on a new antibiotic FR-900109. 1. Taxonomy, isolation and characterization.

FR-900109 is a new antibiotic obtained from fermentation broth of a streptomyces which was identified as Streptomyces prunicolor. Its elementary analysis and mass spectroscopic measurement suggest that the molecular formula is C27H32O9. It has an ultraviolet absorption maximum at 254 nm. The antibiotic is active against Gram-positive bacteria. Acute toxicity in mice is very low.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Studies on WF-3161, a new antitumor antibiotic.

WF-3161 is an antitumor antibiotic produced by a strain of fungus, Petriella guttulata. The antibiotic was purified by solvent extraction and a combination of silica gel and reverse phase column chromatography. The chemical structure of the antibiotic (C31H44N4O6, mp 181-183 degrees C) was found to be a cyclic tetrapeptide consisting of phenylalanine, leucine, pipecolinic acid and 2-amino-8-oxo-9,10-epoxydecanoic acid. WF-3161 inhibited the growth of Trichophyton asteroides. It prolonged survival period of mice bearing leukemia P-388 with a high therapeutic index.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Antitumor effects of novel immunoactive peptides, FK-156 and its synthetic derivatives.

Effects produced by intratumor or systemic application of FK-156 and its synthetic derivatives on the syngeneic P388-DBA/2 mouse system were investigated. Among 21 compounds tested, FK-156, FK-565, FR-46758, FR-48217, FR-46091 and FR-47920 substantially suppressed tumor growth when directly injected into a tumor mass and further experiments showed that FK-156, FK-565 and FR-46758 were effective even when administered subcutaneously into site remote from tumor. The mechanisms of growth inhibition are strongly suggested to be host mediated, because these three compounds have remarkably low cytotoxicity against P388 cells in vitro. A single dose of FK-565, however, markedly decreased body weight in healthy DBA/2 mice, whereas FK-156 and FR-46758 did not. These results indicate the superiority of FK-156 and FR-46758 as immunotherapeutic agents over FK-565 with respect to their safety for treatment of cancer. Although significant life-span prolongation could not be seen in the two-injection regimen of six compounds in either system, systemic multiple injections of FK-156 and FR-46758 provided a statistically significant increase in the median survival time of P388 tumor bearing mice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗