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Biomedical subjects

H Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to H Aoki.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Postural adjustments for jumping reaction movement in mentally retarded children: findings from EMG patterns.

EMG patterns during a jumping reaction task were studied in 53 mentally retarded children. EMGs were recorded from the knee extensors (VM and RF) and the knee flexors (hamstrings). Lack of synchronization between onset of phasic discharge in the VM and the RF and between onset in the hamstrings and the knee extensors was characteristic of retarded children. Deviation from the EMG pattern of normal adults decreased with increasing MA. The premotor time tended to be prolonged with increasing time differences between the VM and the RF responses. Shorter RT between the VM and the RF was consistent across EMG patterns. These were more apparent in subjects with MAs above 7 than in those with MAs below 6. It is suggested that the asynchronized EMG pattern reflects postural requirements due to poor formation of preparatory set.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Biphenomycins A and B, novel peptide antibiotics. II. Structural elucidation of biphenomycins A and B.

The structures of biphenomycins A and B, novel peptide antibiotics produced by a strain of Streptomyces, have been established as 1 and 2, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. They are unique in that they are cyclic peptides containing a biphenyl moiety included in a 15-membered ring and show potent antibacterial activities especially against Gram-positive bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Studies on WB-3559 A, B, C and D, new potent fibrinolytic agents. I. Discovery, identification, isolation and characterization.

WB-3559 A, B, C and D were produced by a bacterium which was classified as a member of the genus Flavobacterium. These compounds were purified by solvent extraction followed by chromatography on silica gel and then isolated by HPLC. The chemical structures were determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence as in the succeeding papers. WB-3559 A, B, C and D stimulated rabbit plasma euglobulin clot lysis time. A chemically synthesized compound (WB-3559 D-syn) stimulated mouse plasma euglobulin clot lysis time when injected intravenously.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Lavendomycin, a new antibiotic. I. Taxonomy, isolation and characterization.

Lavendomycin, a new basic peptide antibiotic containing novel amino acids, has been isolated from the culture broth of a streptomyces designated as Streptomyces lavendulae subsp. brasilicus. The antibiotic obtained as colorless crystals (C29H50N10O8, MW 666) is active against Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in vivo, however, inactive against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. An acute toxicity of the antibiotic in mice was LD50 greater than 2 g/kg by subcutaneous injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

New antitumor antibiotics, FR-900405 and FR-900406. I. Taxonomy of the producing strain.

An actinomycete which was isolated from a soil sample produces new antitumor substances. The morphological and cultural characteristics of the strain resemble those of the genera Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943 and Actinomadura Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1970. Cell wall composition analysis showed that strain No. 6049 contained meso-2,6-diaminopimelic acid in its cell wall, and madurose in whole-cell sugars. No sporangia, zoospores or fragmentations of vegetative mycelium are observed. From these results, strain No. 6049 is designated as Actinomadura pulveracea sp. nov.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1985

New antitumor antibiotics, FR-900405 and FR-900406. II. Production, isolation, characterization and antitumor activity.

The new antitumor antibiotics, FR-900405 and FR-900406, were isolated from the culture broth of Actinomadura pulveracea sp. nov. No. 6049. These compounds which contain sulfur in the molecule, represent a novel class of antitumor agents. FR-900405 and FR-900406 are highly active in mice against experimental tumors and exhibit antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1985

Studies of an immunomodulator, swainsonine. I. Enhancement of immune response by swainsonine in vitro.

Swainsonine isolated from Metarhizium sp., was found to enhance the activities of the mouse immune system in vitro. Concanavalin A stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and proliferative response in mixed lymphocytes culture, which were suppressed by immunosuppressive factor obtained from serum of sarcoma 180 tumor bearing mouse, were restored to normal levels by the addition of swainsonine. Furthermore, the concanavalin A induced incorporation of [3H]thymidine into mouse spleen cells was remarkably increased by treatment with swainsonine over a wide dose range, From studies using fluorescence activated cell sorting, swainsonine was shown to enhance the expression of concanavalin A receptors of spleen cells.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

Studies of an immunomodulator, swainsonine. II. Effect of swainsonine on mouse immunodeficient system and experimental murine tumor.

We examined the effect of swainsonine on antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in immunodeficient mice which were treated with immunosuppressive factor or antitumor drugs, or inoculated with sarcoma 180 ascites tumor. The administration of swainsonine restored the capacities of the immunodeficient mice to produce antibody against SRBC. Furthermore, swainsonine inhibited completely the growth of sarcoma 180 ascites tumor in mice. Swainsonine also reduced lung metastases of B16 melanoma in mice. These results suggest that swainsonine has potential as an immunomodulator for the treatment of immunocompromised hosts.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

[Emphysematous pyelonephritis: report of a case].

A case of emphysematous pyelonephritis is presented. A 49-year-old male with diabetes mellitus complaining of high grade fever attack and right flank pain was referred from internal medicine. KUB demonstrated that the right ureter, pelvis and calyces were filled with gas. Anti-bioticus was given intensively and the abnormal gas shadow on plain film disappeared before RP was done, but high grade fever attack persisted and right nephrectomy was undergone. After this operation, the fever was relieved and the patient was discharged at the 30th day post-operatively. A search of available literature in Japan has disclosed only 17 reported cases. Diagnostic methods, treatment, complication and etiology are discussed.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1985

[Implant operation of penile inflatable prosthesis for a patient with erectile impotence due to radical cystectomy: a case report].

The hydraulically inflatable penile prosthesis consists of an inflate-deflate pump, a storage reservoir and paired cylinders and it is able to provided a more physiologically functional penis. We report our surgical experience of implant of an inflatable penile prosthesis for postoperative impotence. The patient was a 51-year-old male with impotence, who had received radical cystectomy and ilial conduit formation for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (G3, pT3NoMo.) 9 months earlier. There was nothing particular except for the postoperative status on physical, laboratory and X-ray examinations. He was diagnosed to have organic impotence (vasculogenic) by sexual functional tests. Auto-injection of the corpus cavernosum with papaverine HCl was attempted but an erection was not induced by the injection. So, implant operation of an inflatable penile prosthesis was performed by the lower abdominal approach. His postoperative course was uneventable and practice to deflate and inflate the cylinders was started at 2 weeks after the operation and he was able to have sexual intercourse at 5 weeks after the surgery. Now (3 months after the operation), he can have sexual intercourse with an orgasm but without ejaculation and he and his wife are both satisfied with the postoperative status.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗