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Biomedical subjects

H Allen

Publications and source records attributed to H Allen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The spectrum of radiation enteritis. Surgical considerations.

Radiation therapy, often used to treat gynecologic and urologic pelvic malignancies, has varying, adverse effects on the bowel. Radiation enteritis may occur from one month to 20 years after irradiation, and disabling symptoms may require surgery in 10 to 20 per cent of patients. From our experience with 20 patients who required surgery for radiation enteritis and who were followed for up to 20 years, we were able to identify three clinical groups. Patients in the first group need only medical treatment for their symptoms, and observation, whereas patients in the second group may present with acute, debilitating, life-threatening symptoms that may require emergency surgery. Patients in the third group have a long-standing history of intermittent bowel obstruction and/or enteric fistulas that are best treated with adequate nutritional support followed by timely surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Adjuvant treatment of node-positive breast cancer with adriamycin-cyclophosphamide with or without radiation therapy: interim results of an ongoing clinical trial.

During 1974-1980, 138 women with node-positive stage II breast cancer were treated with either eight courses of adriamycin-cyclophosphamide (AC) chemotherapy (82 patients) or AC chemotherapy plus comprehensive regional radiotherapy (56 patients). The overall relapse-free survival of the treated patients was significantly superior (P less than 0.001) to a comparable group of women who underwent surgery alone. This effect of adjuvant therapy was clearly manifest in all groups of patients irrespective of nodal involvement or menopausal status. To date, relapse-free survival for patients receiving AC compared to AC plus radiotherapy is not different (P = 0.7). In summary, wer have demonstrated that a brief 6-month course of adjuvant chemotherapy with AC can significantly reduce the recurrence rate in women with stage II breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ward sister training.

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Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMed1981

'Voices of concern'-a study of verbal communication about patients in a psychiatric day unit.

In this study, the author employs observations from a psychiatric day unit in an analysis of regularly occurring forms of 'professional talk'. Considerable staff time is scheduled for such talk, which must be considered as part of the health professional's work. Much of the talk which occurs may be analysed as having 'technical' significance in programming staff to behave appropriately towards different patients, so as to maximize the effectiveness of hospital treatment. Very much more time than is technically necessary, however, is devoted to talking about patients. Rather than seeing this 'superfluity' of talk as an indication of inefficiency within the system, the author examines its functions in maintaining the social structure of the unit and meeting the personal needs of the staff. This appears to be of particular importance against the background (common to many psychiatric settings) of staff-patient and interdisciplinary role ambiguity, high patient chronicity, and the absence of many of the structural and symbolic 'props' of a conventional hospital. This 'excess talk' is expensive in terms of professional time, and takes time away from direct patient contact. None the less, it may be a necessary cost if staff are to continue to pursue therapeutic goals within a deliberately 'informal' psychiatric setting.

Communication↗
PubMed1981

Photocontact allergy to benzocaine.

A photodermatitis developed in two patients after the use of commercial sunscreens and a topical anesthetic lotion containing benzocaine. Photopatch testing indicated the presence of photocontact allergy to benzocaine. One patient had a positive photopatch test to a commercial glyceryl para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) preparation that was heavily contaminated with benzocaine, but not to a benzocaine-free sample of glyceryl PABA. Benzocaine failed to produce phototoxic reactions in normal volunteers. Efforts to induce photocontact allergy in guinea pigs were unsuccessful.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Patients' attitude towards trainees.

The results of a study of patients' attitudes towards trainees in a training practice are reported. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 258 patients over a period of two weeks. The majority view was that trainees give satisfactory care. However, a minority of patients (17 per cent) felt that trainees are not proper doctors and almost half did not want chronic illness managed by a trainee. Nearly a third did not find trainees easy to talk to.

Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed1980

Recognition of viral glycoproteins by influenza A-specific cross-reactive cytolytic T lymphocytes.

Two populations of cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) generated after influenza A virus infection can be distinguished into one with specificity for the sensitizing hemagglutinin type and a second with cross-reactivity for antigens induced by other type-A influenza viruses. The molecules carrying the antigenic determinants recognized by the cross-reactive CTL were studied. In L-929 cells abortively infected with fowl plague virus, matrix (M) protein synthesis is specifically inhibited, whereas the envelope glycoproteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, are synthesized and incorporated into the plasma membrane. These target cells were lysed by cross-reactive CTL. The envelope proteins of type A/Victoria virus were separated from the other virion components and reconstituted into lipid vesicles that lacked M protein that subsequently were used to prepare artificial target cells. Target-cell formation with vesicles was achieved by addition of fusion-active Sendai virus. These artificial target cells were also susceptible to lysis by cross-reactive CTL. In contrast to previous observations that suggested that the M protein of influenza viruses is recognized by these effector cells, we present evidence that the antigencic determinants induced by the viral glycoproteins are recognized.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Urinary excretion of prostaglandin E like material and kallikrein: effects of furosemide.

In a controlled study of 11 women, 5 with mild essential hypertension and 6 normal volunteers, furosemide produced a significant natriuresis and diuresis without changes in the urinary excretion of prostaglandin E-like material and kallikrein. Therefore, although some evidence in man or animals suggests involvement of both of these substances in renal responses to furosemide, the present data suggest that the natriuretic and diuretic effect of this drug are not associated with an increased excretion of prostaglandin E like material or kallikrein.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Persistent photosensitivity following occupational exposure to epoxy resin.

Persistent photosensitivity developed in eight men following occupational exposure to hot epoxy resin fumes. The condition was limited to sites the resin contacted. Small doses of ultraviolet-A light (2 to 5 joules/sq cm) evoked abnormal reactions consisting of erythema, edema, and papules in the clinically involved skin. Positive photopatch tests to epoxy resin were observed in four subjects, and to 4, 4'-isopropylidenediphenol (Bisphenol A) in all. The photosensitivity is most probably due to photocontact allergy to 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol or to a closely related chemical.

Adult↗