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Biomedical subjects

H Akimoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Akimoto.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Injuries of basal ganglia following head trauma in children.

7 pediatric patients with injuries of basal ganglia following head trauma were reported. They ranged in age from 10 months to 10 years. 5 boys and 2 girls comprised the patients. Cases 1--4 are mild cases in which the children fell down backward while playing, followed by a minimum loss of consciousness. In every case there was hemiparesis, but all of them showed remarkable recovery. CT findings are that of unilateral basal ganglia infarction. In cases 5--7, patients suffered from symptoms of brain contusion after running out in front of an oncoming car, and they developed hemiparesis. CT findings in cases 5 and 6 showed unilateral infarction. CT of case 7 showed a massive unilateral hemorrhage of the basal ganglia. All 7 cases sustained only slight scalp wounds and no skull fracture in spite of the severity of injuries signs and CT findings. This discrepancy seems to be explained only by the so-called shearing strain theory. But we have hypothesized that anterior stretch of the lateral branch of the perforator of the middle cerebral artery plays a major role in its pathogenesis.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed1980

[Computed tomography in diagnosis and management of acute head injury--correlation between clinical symptoms and CT findings (author's transl)].

A series of 202 patients with acute head injuries was investigated in correlation with clinical signs and computed tomographical findings. Clinical signs were classified into four types according to ARAKI's grading. Ninety three cases of type I, 61 cases of type II, 41 cases of type III and 7 cases of type IV were included in this series. The youngest patient was 40 days old and the oldest was 83 years old and average age was 31.3 years old. Initial C.T. was carried out in 70.80% of this series within 2 days after injury. Conclusions were obtained as follows: 1) Intracranial hemorrhages were recognized in 5.4% of type I, 18.0% of type II, 68.3% of type III and 100% of type IV on C.T. 2) All of intracranial hemorrhage in type I and type II were small and limited ones and showed no mass effect on C.T. 3) In all of severe cases with deep coma, their C.T. demonstrated poor visualization of so-called pentagone, ambient cistern and quadrigeminal cistern. These findings especially that of quadrigeminal cistern image were considered to be signs of poor prognosis. 4) Incidence of visualization of Sylvian fissure decreased in order of type I, type II, type III and type IV on C.T. Poor visualization of Sylvian fissure may reflect of small lesion in or out of cortex near Sylvian fissure such as small intracerebral hemorrhage, localized brain edema, small epidural hematoma etc. 5) Incidence of visualization of sulci decreased in order of type I, type II, type III, and type IV. Poor visualization of sulci may reflect existence of small lesion in or out of cortex in vertex area. 6) False negative of false positive finding on C.T. can result from slice level or time of C.T. and/or age of patient. Repeated C.T. may be recommended when the patient has conflicting neurological signs for these C.T. findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Computed tomography in crossed aphasia (author's transl)].

Crossed aphasia, first described by Bramwell, is aphasia due to the hemispheric damage on the side of handedness. Crossed aphasia in a dextral is rare, and in Japan, there have not been more than ten cases in which the lesion is localized clearly. The cases reported till now have been verified mainly by necropsy. However, the time lag between the appearance of aphasia and the necropsy may affect the conclusion subtly. We consider that computed tomography (CT) can obtain almost the same findings as that by necropsy. However, at present there have been few cases diagnosed by CT except two cases reported by April et al. and Wechsler. We have reported a 47-year-old man in a dextral, who shows left hemiparesis and Broca's aphasia. His lesion is diagnosed by cerebral angiography and CT as the right hemisphere infarction due to right middle cerebral artery occlusion. CT localizes the lesion on the right hemisphere mainly sited deep region and sited wedge shaped cortical area of the fronto-parietal region. On the other hand, it localizes no lesion on the left hemisphere. CT in aphasia has been already reported by Hayward et al. In their report they concluded that correlation of lesion located by CT with aphasia type supported Geschwind's concept of aphasia. In this report we have discussed CT in crossed aphasia analysing our case and the two cases by April et al. and Wechsler. Three cases including our case are all Broca's aphasia, and we compare the lesion location of these three cases with Hayward's lesion located on Broca's aphasia. As the result of this, we can draw the conclusion that the lesion location by CT of these three cases and that of Hayward's report are almost symmetric.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1979

[Computed tomography in metastatic brain tumors and meningeal carcinomatosis (author's transl)].

The computed tomogrpahy has been proved to be highly reliable in diagnosis of CNS diseases. The findings in 26 cases of metastatic brain tumors, and 2 cases of meningeal carcinomatosis performed with Hitachi CT-H scanner are analized. Metastatic tumors are seen on plain CT as mainly isodense nodules (60%). But, on enhanced CT, they increase in their density (97%). Larger nodules of metastatic tumors (over 2 cm in diameter) are tend to contain less dense central area, so called central cavitation. The direction of the expansion and/or extension of the perifocal low density is characteristic to the location of the tumor. In cases of meningeal carcinomatosis, diffuse periventricular higher density can be recognized enhanced CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Roentgenological aspect of the basilar artery and its significance in clinical diagnosis--angiographical study a of the basilar artery (author's transl)].

Topometric study of basilar arteries was performed, using 130 normal vertebral angiograms of cases consisting of 83 males and 47 females aged 2 to 67 (mean = 38.1). The cases having clinically and/or neuroradiologically had obvious positive findings such as cerebral atrophies, cerebrovascular diseases and space-taking lesions were excluded. Selective vertebral angiography using Seldinger's technique in 120 cases and retrograde brachial angiography in remaining 10 cases was carried out. The following results were obtained. 1) The position of vertebrobasilar junction was almost at the midline in frontal view with a mean distance of 0.3 mm +/- 3.6 leftward from the midline. 2) The length of basilar artery was 25.5 mm +/- 6.6 in frontal view and 32.8 mm +/- 5.8 in lateral view. 3) The position of basilar bifurcation was almost at the midline in frontal view with a mean of 0.0 mm +/- 2.0 from the midline, and 9.3 mm +/- 4.7 above the Twining's line and 24.5 mm +/- 3.4 posterior from tuberculum sellae in lateral view. 4) As for the configulation of basilar artery in frontal view, 'straight type' was common in young age and 'curved type' in old age. 'Curved type' was divided into four subtypes. The concave rightwards curved type and/ or the reversed S-formed tortuous type were almost twice many as the concave leftwards curved type and/or the S-formed tortuous type. This result seemed to support the reports on the hemodynamic mechanism of verteral arteries that the dominant flow was present on the left side at the rate of 50 to 80%. 5) Internal diameter of basilar artery at the point of 1 cm proximal to the apex was measured. The mean value was 3.3 mm +/- 0.6 in frontal view and 3.2 mm +/- 0.5 in lateral view. Maximum diameter of basilar artery was 3.5 mm +/- 0.7 in frontal view and 3.6 mm +/- 0.6 in lateral view.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A new cephalosporin. SCE-963: 7-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-acetamido]-3-[[[1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1h-tetrazol-5-yl]-thio]methyl]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid. Chemistry and structure-activity relationships.

The synthesis and the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activities of a series of 7-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]cephalosporins (1) having varied 3-substituents, such as methyl, hydroxymethyl, acetoxymethyl, pyridiniomethyl and heterocyclicthiomethyls, are described. The derivatives having five membered heterocyclicthiomethyls exhibited strong inhibitory activities against Gram-negative organisms including some strains of Escherichia coli and Proteus morganii which are insensitive to cefazolin and cephaloridine. Pronounced activities were noted with 7-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-acetamido]-3-[[[1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]thio]methyl]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid (1y; SCE-963).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Falx images on CT scan (author's transl)].

It has been reported that falx images usually are not visualized on CT scan except in the case with brain atrophy of falx calcification. But we have often experienced the falx images on CT scan in the case of normal child, and we have an idea that falx images do not always mean a calcification of the falx. Evaluation of falx images on CT scan was done in 964 normal or abnormal cases in relation to different CT slice level, age, sex, pineal body and habenula and choroid plexus. Results are as follows; 1) Slice of higher level revealed higher incidence of falx image. 2) Incidence of falx images was lowest in the second decade, and showed gradual increase in relation to aging process. 3) Incidence of falx images revealed no sex difference. 4) Incidence of falx images showed a following tendency: a) Under 10 years; falx greater than pineal body and habenula greater than choroid plexus. b) Between 11 years to 20: pineal body and habenula greater than choroid plexus greater than or equal to falx. c) Over 21 years: pineal body and habenula greater than choroid plesus greater than falx. 5) The case with brain edema showed a higher incidence of falx images than the normal case, but the case with brain atrophy did not show a higher incidence. 6) Difference of CT number of falx region between the case of positive falx image and negative could not be recognized.

Adolescent↗