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Biomedical subjects

H Akagi

Publications and source records attributed to H Akagi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[A study of bone metastasis of cervical carcinoma by bone scintigraphy].

In carrying out bone scintigraphy in 224 cases over the 5 years from June, 1978 to May, 1983 as a part of the post-treatment management of cervical carcinoma, we obtained the following findings concerning bone metastasis. Bone metastases were seen in 12.5% (28 cases) of the subjects, about 6% of the total post-treatment cases of cervical carcinoma in the corresponding period (466 cases). Bone metastases were seen in 9.3% (16/172) of post-operative cases, compared with 23.1% (12/52) of non-operative cases. Bone metastases were not seen in clinical stages Ia through IIa (49 cases) but were seen in IIb or higher stages. Bone metastasis rates by histological type, according to WHO classification, were 12.8% (26/203) in squamous cell carcinoma, 5.9% (1/17) in adenocarcinoma, and 25% (1/4) in adenosquamous carcinoma. Among the squamous cell carcinoma cases, small cell non-keratinizing type had the highest bone metastasis rate (p less than 0.05). Of 172 post-operative cases, 20.8% (11/53) of those with lymph node metastasis exhibited bone metastasis, higher than the 4.2% (5/119) in cases without lymph node metastasis. As to CPL classification, bone metastasis was seen more often in L type (18.8%) than C(0.0%) or P types (6.6%). Our risk classification of 168 cases demonstrated that bone metastasis was not seen in risk I group (74 cases), but was seen in 6.7% (1/17) of risk II group and in 19.0% (15/79) of risk III group. Twenty-eight cases with bone metastasis included 11 cases with local recurrence, 8 with pulmonary metastases, 4 with hepatic metastases and 4 with Virchow's lymph node metastases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Causes of death in Minamata disease: analysis of death certificates.

The causes of death in Minamata disease were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects. Of the 1422 Minamata disease patients in the Kumamoto Prefecture, 378 had died by the end of 1980. Of these 378, the first death occurred in 1954 with a peak incidence in 1956 when Minamata disease was officially reported for the first time. The number of deaths increased rapidly after 1972 with a second peak in 1976. The male:female ratio was 1.8:1 and the mean age-at-death was 67.2 years (SD = +/- 18.65). The mean age-at-death was younger in the cases of the initial outbreak than in those recently. There were, on the average, 2.8 causes of death per person. Of these cases, 157 (41.5%) had Minamata disease indicated on the death certificate, though 64 (16.9%) had Minamata disease coded as the underlying cause. Minamata disease and the noninflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) were the main underlying causes of death between 1954 and 1969, while, in the multiple cause data, pneumonia and non-ischemic heart disease were the most prevalent. Cerebrovascular diseases (18.0%) were the main underlying causes of death followed by malignant neoplasms (14.7%), cardiovascular diseases (14.1%) and Minamata disease (14.1%) in 1970 or later, while cardiovascular diseases (18.6%), Minamata disease (14.5%), cerebrovascular diseases (10.4%) and malignant neoplasms (7.1%) were the major multiple causes of death. As compared with the control, the proportions of deaths due to noninflammatory diseases of CNS and pneumonia were higher in the initial outbreak. Although the difference in the causes of death was less apparent recently, malignant neoplasms and hypertensive diseases tended to be lower. These results suggest that there is a need for a long-term follow-up of Minamata disease patients. The data also show the potential value of multiple causes of death coding in analyses of mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Esophageal cancer in chronic lymphocytic leukemia--a case report].

A 58-year-old male was admitted because of severe dysphagia. Radiographic and endoscopic examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Physical examination revealed severe splenomegaly and swelling of the cervical and axillary lymph nodes. Laboratory data showed lymphocytosis (more than 90%), severe anemia and monoclonal hyperglobulinemia (IgA type). The patient received irradiation (60 Gy) to the esophageal lesion using Linac X-ray and 40 Gy to the left cervical and axillary region with a tele Co60. Radiotherapy showed a remarkable effect not only on the esophageal cancer but also the chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1982

Role of substance P as a sensory transmitter in spinal cord and sympathetic ganglia.

The hypothesis that substance P (SP) might be a transmitter of primary sensory neurons was first proposed by Lembeck in 1953. A large amount of evidence supporting this hypothesis has recently accumulated, particularly since the elucidation of the chemical structure of SP by Leeman and her colleagues in 1971, which made a number of new approaches possible (e.g. radioimmunoassay for SP, immunohistochemistry and electrophysiological tests of SP action on central and peripheral neurons). SP is concentrated in certain primary afferent terminals in the spinal cord, is released therefrom when the dorsal roots are electrically stimulated, and exerts a powerful excitant action on spinal neurons. It is therefore likely that SP produces excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in spinal neurons, although the characteristics of SP-mediated EPSPs, i.e. their time course, ionic mechanisms, etc., remain to be revealed. Recent electrophysiological and neurochemical studies on the prevertebral ganglia of the guinea-pig strongly suggest that SP is released from axon collaterals of visceral primary afferent neurons in the ganglia and serves as a transmitter that generates non-cholinergic slow EPSPs in principal cells. There is evidence that this SP-mediated synaptic transmission in the sympathetic ganglia is under the influence of enkephalinergic presynaptic inhibition. Some preliminary experiments on the interaction between SP and enkephalins in the spinal cord are described.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1982

[A preliminary report of computerized ultrasonography in obstetrics and gynecology: a new technique of C-mode (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: In order to obtain a three-dimensional ultrasonogram as a first step for a general visualizing diagnosis, a new computerized ultrasonography was tried with patients from our obstetric and gynecological department, with the following results: 1. Time required: Collection of data for the three-dimensional part measuring 17 X 17 X 8.5cm took 17 seconds (Scanning time), and formation of the 32-image longitudinal sections and coronal sections (C-mode) took 46 seconds and 1 minute 54 seconds, respectively. Formation of the 64-image longitudinal sections and coronal sections (C-mode) took 1 minute 20 seconds and 3 minutes 20 seconds, respectively. 2. Images: The recorded and reproduced images were identical to the originals macroscopically and even as indicated on the line printer. The coronal images (C-mode) and the longitudinal images could well stand practical use. 3. Reproduction of images: All data were stored on magnetic tape which could be processed as needed. 4. CLINICAL RESULTS: (a) In obstetric patients, the images enabled us to confirm the location and expansion of the placenta and fetus more clearly. (b) In gynecological patients, it proved to be easy to get a whole view permitting better comprehension of the tumor shape, its internal components and its relation with the surrounding organs in a three-dimensional way.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Repeated electroconvulsive shock attenuates clonidine-induced hypoactivity in rodents.

Clonidine administration at low dose produces hypoactivity in both rats and mice, probably by stimulation of presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the brain. This behaviour is antagonised by yohimbine pretreatment but is unaffected by pretreatment with prazosin. An electroconvulsive shock (ECS) given once daily for 10 days markedly attenuated the hypoactivity in both species when tested 24 h after the final shock. The attenuation in mice was not found after either a single ECS or 10 subconvulsive shocks. Ten ECS did not alter the hypoactivity response produced by (+/-)-propranolol in mice. Clonidine administration decreased rat brain MOPEG-SO4 concentrations. A single ECS given daily for 10 days abolished this decrease. These results suggest that repeated ECS causes a subsensitivity of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the brain and that these receptors may be located presynaptically.

Animals↗