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Biomedical subjects

H Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to H Adachi.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Mechanism of the excitatory action of motilin on isolated rabbit intestine.

Synthetic motilin caused a dose-dependent contraction on isolated rabbit intestinal segments, including the duodenum, ileum, and rectum. The contraction of duodenum was significantly greater than that in the ileum or rectum. In the duodenum, motilin was approximately 100 times as potent as acetylcholine on molar basis. The motilin-induced contractions were not influenced by atropine, chlorpheniramine, cimetidine, phentolamine, propranolol, cinanserin, 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II, or aspirin. Motilin did not affect the contraction induced by transmural electrical stimulation or acetylcholine. The response to motilin was unaffected by acetylcholine. Removal of Ca++ from bathing media or verapamil suppressed the motilin-induced contractions to a significantly greater extent than the contractions induced by acetylcholine. Thus, it may be concluded that motilin produces intestinal contractions by acting directly on smooth muscles, but not by acting on pharmacologically known drug receptors nor by releasing neurotransmitters such as endogenous acetylcholine. Motilin does not appear to modify autonomic nerve functions.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1981

[Analysis of left to right ventricular stroke count ratio by gated radionuclide angiocardiography: detection and quantitation of valvular regurgitation and shunts (author's transl)].

The stroke count ratio (SC ratio: SCL/SCR) for left to right ventricular enddiastolic-endsystolic count differences was obtained from LAO multi-gated cardiac blood pool scintigrams for quantitative assessment of valvular regurgitation and shunts. SC ratio, 1.48 +/- 0.24 (mean +/- S.D.) in 21 normal subjects, was decreased in 7 patients with atrial septal defects (ASD) and in one with isolated tricuspid regurgitation (TR), and increased in 15 patients with aortic regurgitation (AR) and in 6 with mitral regurgitation (MR). In post-surgical reassessment of 3 patients, the ratio was restored in normal range. Comparison between SC ratio and angiographic estimates of regurgitation revealed good agreement. Regurgitant fraction (RF) in AR or MR and shunt ratio (SR) in ASD were calculated by the formula: RF = 1-1.48/SC ratio, and SR = 1-SC ratio/1.48, respectively. These were derived by assuming that an excess of stroke counts was due to regurgitant or shunt flow and that the coefficient in counting ventricular radioactivity was 1.48. Agreement was found between RF or SR measured by this formula and by the invasive method. This method permits noninvasive quantitation in patients with valvular regurgitation and shunts without complicated computer procedures.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1980

Clinical experiences with intraoperative radiotherapy of locally advanced cancers.

Clinical results of intraoperative radiotherapy in neoplasms of the stomach, colon, pancreas, biliary tract, bladder, prostate, lung, mediastinum and brain, and soft-tissue sarcomas are reported. After resectable lesions were removed at surgery, residual cancer nests were sterilized by irradiation before surgical closure. Since the lesion can be exposed directly to radiation and sensitive normal structures are positioned outside the treatment volume, a cancerocidal dose can be safely and precisely delivered to the cancer without affecting normal structure. The great advantage of the intraoperative electron beam therapy lies in the treatment of radioresistant tumors and lesions located near radiosensitive organs. Several patients with unresectable tumors were treated by the intraoperative technique and are alive after more than 5 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Cerulein-induced pancreatic polypeptide secretion. Its inhibition by atropine and its possible role in regulating gallbladder relaxation.

Intramuscular administration of cerulein caused an abrupt rise in plasma pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in normal subjects. Pretreatment by atropine tended to lower the basal plasma PP level and significantly blunted the cerulein-induced PP secretion. It appears, therefore, that PP secretion induced by cerulein is under vagal control. In addition, in normal subjects, a gallbladder series first revealed a well-filled gallbladder of normal size and shape, which then contracted most strongly after a cerulein injection at a time corresponding exactly with the peak plasma PP levels produced by the cerulein. Since exogenous PP is known to cause a relaxation of the gallbladder, it is possible that endogenous PP plays an important role in gallbladder motility.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Visualization of right atrial appendix by thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy: concise communication.

The atrial myocardium has been barely visible with thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy. This is probably related to the difference in size, distance from anterior chest wall, and small coronary blood flow of the atrium, compared with the ventricle. We have encountered eight cases of visualization of the right atrial appendix (RAA). All had disease involving the right side of the heart, such as mitral stenosis (four cases), congenital heart disease (two), cor pulmonale (one), and primary myocardial disease (one). The RAA was identified from multiple projections in all cases and sometimes confirmed by radionuclide angiocardiography. The RAA was seen at the right upper aspect of the ventricles and was distinguishable from them. Evidence derived from ECG, chest radiographs, and cardiac catheterization, indicated that the most important factor in the visualization might be the displacement of the RAA to a more anterior position.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Studies on peptides. LXXXVII. Synthesis of an octacosapeptide amide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of chicken vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).

The octacosapeptide amide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of chicken VIP was synthesized in a conventional manner, using a new arginine derivative, NG-mesitylene-2-sulfonylarginine, Arg(Mts). Treatment of a fragment, Z(OMe)-Thr-Asp-Asn-Tyr-NHNH2 with methanesulfonic acid or HBr was found to give a product with a low recovery of Asp, after aminopeptidase digestion. Ring closure of the Asp-Asn unit seemed to be responsible for this phenomenon. Deprotection with HF or TFA exhibited definitely less such a tendency. In the final step of the synthesis, all protecting groups, including the Mts group, were removed by HF in the presence of m-cresol and the deprotected peptide was purified by ion-exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose followed by isoelectric focusing in Ampholine pH 9--1. Synthetic peptide exhibited the identical Rf value with that of natural chicken VIP and was active as the natural peptide.

Amides↗