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Biomedical subjects

H Aberg

Publications and source records attributed to H Aberg.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Addition of non-pharmacological methods of treatment in patients on antihypertensive drugs: results of previous medication, laboratory tests and life quality.

Four hundred patients from eight health centres were recruited for this 2-year study on the possible replacement of antihypertensive drugs by non-pharmacological therapy. All the patients were given a device to measure their blood pressure at home and had monthly checks at a health centre. Two hundred patients on antihypertensive drugs (G1) started additional non-pharmacological therapy after 1 year in the study, while the rest (G2) had used it from the beginning. Antihypertensive drugs were withdrawn according to predetermined criteria. The drop-out rate was 1.5% each year. Medication was withdrawn completely from 42.7% of G1, and in 21.5% it was withheld for at least 18 months. The corresponding figures for G2 were 46.4% and 25.5% respectively. Most of the medication withdrawal in G1 occurred during the first year, when the group's management consisted solely of blood pressure measurements at home and frequent visits to the health centre. Serum triglycerides decreased on non-pharmacological treatment in both sexes in both groups. Life quality improved, particularly for the group (n = 173) that had the drugs withdrawn.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Alcohol intemperance and sudden death.

Ten years after a health screening examination was offered to 50 year old men 32 of the 2322 participants and 12 of the 454 nonparticipants had died of ischaemic heart disease. Of these, 26 and 11 respectively had suffered sudden death, for which necropsy was performed. Half of the men who had died suddenly had been registered for alcohol intemperance up to 1973, which was four times the prevalence of such registrations in the general population. Registration at both the Swedish Temperance Board and the Bureau of Social Services was associated with an odds ratio of 3.74 for sudden death as compared with not being registered at either. Logistic analysis including the classical risk factors for ischaemic heart disease together with registration for alcohol intemperance and at the Bureau of Social Services showed only the two types of registration and systolic blood pressure to be independent risk factors. On the other hand, there was no overrepresentation of subjects entered in the registers among those surviving a myocardial infarction. For non-fatal myocardial infarction blood pressure and serum triglyceride concentration were significant risk factors and serum cholesterol concentration, smoking, and body mass index probable risk factors; the two types of registration were not independent risk factors. Alcohol intemperance is strongly associated with an increased risk of sudden death after myocardial infarction.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1987

Snoring and systemic hypertension--an epidemiological study.

The prevalence of snoring, overweight and systemic hypertension was estimated in a random sample of 4,064 Swedish men, aged 30-69 years. Of the responders, 15.5% complained of habitual snoring and 29.6% of occasional snoring. Although there was an age-related increase in the prevalence of snoring up to 60 years, habitual snoring was found to be mainly related to body mass index (BMI) (p less than 0.0001) but not to age. Altogether 299 men (9.3%) reported hypertension, 21.5% of whom were habitual snorers, compared with 14.9% of the non-hypertensives (p less than 0.01). The hypertensives were also more often overweight. Logistic multiple regression analyses showed that among subjects 40-49 years old there was an average increase in the predicted prevalence of hypertension from 6.5% among non-snorers to 10.5% of habitual snorers in the same weight group. For the whole study population, however, the increase was mainly dependent on age and BMI. Thus, the importance of habitual snoring for the prevalence of hypertension differs in various age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Increase of plasma renin activity at renal blood flow estimations with the xenon133 wash-out technique in patients with renal artery stenosis.

Eleven patients with hypertension and renal artery stenosis of fibromuscular type were investigated with renal blood flow estimations with Xenon133 wash-out technique before and after alpha-receptor blockade with infusion of phenoxybenzamine in the stenosed renal artery. During the whole investigation frequent blood samples for renal vein renin estimations were drawn from both kidneys. Immediately after the Xenon injection renal vein renin elevations on the investigated side were observed in 9/11 patients. The renin peak was reached in 10 min and the mean increase for all patients was 152%. The mean duration of the peak was 19.25 min. A neurogenic renin release mechanism triggered by renal chemoreceptors and mediated by beta-adrenergic fibres was suggested. This finding with renin release stimulation at Xenon133 infusion in the renal artery is of great importance in judging results of investigations concerning renal blood flow and renin when the Xenon wash-out technique is used. Blood samples for renin estimations should not be taken within 25 min after intrarenal Xenon133 infusions.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Raynaud's phenomenon in a female population: prevalence and association with other conditions.

In a random sample of 3000 women of ages eighteen to fifty-nine years in the city of Västerås, Sweden, 19% of the 2705 responders to a questionnaire complained of cold and white fingers with or without numbness. On the basis of interview and examination, 79% of these women were diagnosed as having Raynaud's phenomenon (RP), giving a prevalence of 15.6%. A significantly higher rate of family members with cold, white fingers was found only in the group of women with pronounced RP (p less than 0.001). A significantly higher frequency of women with pronounced RP than of the control group had a history of recurrent muscle/joint pain (p less than 0.05). Laboratory tests that might indicate an active connective tissue disease did not, however, confirm a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. All three subgroups differed significantly from the control group in terms of recurrent chest pains; subgroups 2 and N differed significantly from controls in terms of recurrent headaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal artery--management and outcome.

Fifty-seven patients (48 women, 9 men) with fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) of the renal artery were investigated. Mean age at detection of hypertension was 37 years. The diagnosis was established by angiography. Patients with lateralization of renin secretion to the stenotic side had a significantly higher peripheral renin level than those without. The patients were initially treated with surgery (n = 19), percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) (n = 9), or pharmacologically (n = 29). During a mean follow-up period of 6.2 years, thirteen pharmacologically treated patients were transferred for surgical treatment or PTRA, because of progression of the FMD or inadequate blood pressure control. The long-term effect of surgery (n = 22) on the blood pressure was satisfactory in 91% and that of PTRA (n = 18) in 55%. The low success rate after PTRA seems to be due to an inappropriate selection of patients. Age, duration of hypertension and renal vein renin ratio seem to be important prognostic factors for the outcome of surgery or PTRA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Metabolic effects of a change in antihypertensive treatment.

Twenty hypertensive men, aged 58 to 62 years, who had been treated with a combination of different drugs for many years, had their therapy changed in a stepwise manner to a combination of 50 mg of atenolol per day and 2 to 15 mg of prazosin per day. The effects of each change of treatment were assessed separately five to six months after the change. Serum lipids and high-density lipoprotein concentrations were determined, and an intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed at the start of the study and after each change. In the group in which therapy was changed from a diuretic to prazosin, serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations decreased significantly by 11 and 42 percent, respectively, but in the group in which therapy was changed from hydralazine to prazosin, there were no alterations in serum lipids or lipoproteins. The changes in therapy had no overall effects on glucose or insulin parameters evaluated with an intravenous glucose tolerance test. However, prazosin was associated with an increase in the fasting blood glucose level and a decrease in the peak insulin value after glucose injection, both of which were dose-related effects. The data indicate that the glucose turnover was at least as good after a switch from diuretic to prazosin treatment as before at lower insulin values. In those patients in whom therapy was switched from propranolol to 50 mg of atenolol per day, the serum triglyceride concentration decreased by about 10 percent, whereas in the group in which therapy was changed from 100 to 50 mg of atenolol per day, there were no serum lipid or lipoprotein alterations. The results show that a combination of 50 mg of atenolol per day and prazosin has metabolic advantages over combined diuretic and propranolol treatment. Such advantages may be of importance in the long-term treatment of hypertensive patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Alcohol intemperance and social disability as risk factors for different causes of death.

At a follow-up 7-10 years after a health screening of 50-year-old men in Uppsala, 101 of the 2322 participants and 51 of the 446 non-participants had died. The incidence was thus almost three times as high among non-participants as among participants. Registration at the Temperance Board and/or the Bureau of Social Services was 2-3 times more common among the deceased subjects than among the living irrespective of participation in the health screening. A multiple logistic analysis revealed that non-participation and both types of registration were associated with an increased risk of death. For death from neoplasm only registration at the Bureau of Social Services, and not that at the Temperance Board, was a risk factor. For ischaemic heart disease (IHD), on the other hand, registration at the Temperance Board was the strongest risk factor, the other type of registration being secondary, and non-participation in the screening was a non-significant risk factor. The importance of alcohol intemperance as a risk factor for IHD was reflected in the fact that every second subject dying a sudden death (classified as IHD death) was registered at the Temperance Board. These results indicate that alcohol intemperance entails an increased risk of developing fatal complications to IHD, and social disability may carry with it a risk of both neoplasm and, to a lesser extent, death from IHD.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of the hypotensive and metabolic effects of 50 and 100 mg atenolol per day.

Nine patients who had been treated for hypertension for many years with atenolol in a dose of 100 mg/day took part in this 18-month study, during which the dosage alternated between 50 and 100 mg/day for two-month periods. Blood pressure, heart rate, serum triglycerides and cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) lipids were checked at the end of each period. Altogether 27 and 32 measurements were made at the 50 and 100 mg dose levels respectively. Heart rate was lower by three beats/min (p less than 0.05) at the higher dose, but blood pressure and serum lipids and HDL cholesterol were not significantly different at the two dose levels.

Atenolol↗
PubMed1985

Serum triglycerides are a risk factor for myocardial infarction but not for angina pectoris. Results from a 10-year follow-up of Uppsala primary preventive study.

At a follow-up 7-10 years after a health survey of men born in 1920-1924 in the municipality of Uppsala, 31 of the participants (n = 2322) had died from ischaemic heart disease (IHD). In response to a letter to all men alive in 1980, 106 men declared that they had had a myocardial infarction (MI) (verified or suspected). In 58 cases MI was verified from the hospital records. 28 other men had had typical central chest pain (angina pectoris) only. In another 20 men other diagnoses explained the chest pain for which they were treated in hospital. The health screening values for S-cholesterol and S-triglycerides, blood pressure and smoking habits were analysed in relation to the occurrence of IHD. In this prospective study, smoking, hypertension, S-cholesterol and S-triglycerides were identified as risk factors for fatal and non-fatal MI. The risk factor values were similar in subjects suffering from angina pectoris only to those in subjects who also developed ECG and/or transferase changes, with the exception of S-triglyceride concentration, which was normal in the group with angina pectoris. The subjects who had a fatal MI had a significantly higher blood pressure than those with non-fatal MIs, but otherwise these two groups did not differ. The results emphasize the importance of scrutinizing questionnaire data with regard to chest pain and of selection of end-points when risk factor patterns are described for cardiovascular diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Comparative trial of felodipine and nifedipine in refractory hypertension.

The aim of this study was to compare the new vasodilator felodipine with nifedipine in 18 patients with poorly controlled hypertension. The design was a double-blind, cross-over study using a double-dummy technique. Felodipine 5mg was given 3 times daily and nifedipine 10mg 3 times daily. In case of an unsatisfactory blood pressure reduction, the drug dose was doubled. 14 patients had the higher dose of felodipine and 16 the higher dose of nifedipine. Both agents had good antihypertensive effect. After 1 week's therapy, felodipine reduced the blood pressure by 18/12 mm Hg (supine) and 18/13 mm Hg (upright), and nifedipine by 19/11 and 24/14 mm Hg, respectively. After 4 weeks' therapy, 12 hours after drug intake, felodipine reduced the blood pressure by 11/8 mm Hg (supine) and 16/8mm Hg (upright), and nifedipine by 3/2 and 6/4 mm Hg, respectively. Two patients on nifedipine withdrew from the study due to adverse reactions. In general, however, there were few side effects, with no significant difference between the drugs.

Aged↗