Properties of 6 isolates of vaccinia virus isolated from the brain and cerebrospinal fluid in postvaccination encephalitis were studied in comparison with 2 production strains of vaccinia virus with which the children had been vaccinated. Significant differences were found between the strains isolated in postvaccination encephalitis and reference virus strains. The plaques produced by the isolates from brain and CSF were larger (and in some isolates had a hemorrhagic pattern). The isolates were highly pathogenic for chick embryos, reproduced more actively in cells of the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos at higher temperature of incubation (40 degrees C), more intensively accumulated in the liver and brain of chick embryos at 37 degrees C and 40 degrees C, produced more intensive lesions and necroses in rabbit skin. The isolates were markedly thermostable at 56 degrees C and insensitive to interferon. It is suggested that the increased pathogenicity of the virus is manifested in the presence of altered immune responsiveness of the host.

Allantois↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Topical application of epinephrine during bronchoscopy in barbiturate-halothane-anaesthesia and its influence on cardiac action.

Since the introduction of halothane as an anaesthetic there have been several reports about cardiac arrhythmias during application of epinephrine in combination with halothane. This complication was also reported when epinephrine was used as local haemostyptic. We describe the effect of topical epinephrine upon cardiac action during bronchoscopy in barbiturate-halothane-anaesthesia. 21 patients with an average age of 66.4 years underwent bronchoscopy mainly because of suspect bronchial carcinoma, they were monitored by lead I ECG and blood gas analysis was carried out repeatedly. Immediately following biopsies, sponses with epinephrine solution 1:1000 were applied to the bronchial mucosa - the average epinephrine dose of these sponges was 0.12 mgs as calculated before by weighting. During this procedure we could not observe significant cardiac arrhythmias following epinephrine application. We conclude this to be the result of limited dosage and maintenance of adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Thus, epinephrine can be used as a local haemostyptic during bronchoscopy in halothane anaesthesia without significant risk when the above described precautions are observed.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗