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Biomedical subjects

H Abe

Publications and source records attributed to H Abe.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Mechanism of fibrous capsule formation surrounding hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemical study.

In 14 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with capsule, we studied the mechanism of capsule formation by the immunoperoxidase technique using antibodies to types I, III, and IV collagen, antilaminin antibody, and anti-prolyl hydroxylase antibody. Marked round cell infiltration was observed in the noncancerous side of the capsule and around compressed hepatocytes near the capsule. Thin capsules were composed primarily of type III collagen produced by an increased number of fibroblasts, transitional Ito cells, and hepatocytes near the capsule. In thickened capsules, the noncancerous side consisted primarily of type III collagen and the cancerous side of types I and III collagen. Type I as well as type III collagen was produced by fibroblasts, transitional Ito cells, and hepatocytes. The capsule thus formed is suggested to be part of the defense mechanisms against the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation on serum osteocalcin in advanced prostate cancer patients].

The clinical significance of osteocalcin as a marker for advanced prostate cancer was examined. Osteocalcin is produced by osteoblasts and is also detected in the blood. Its change is a good index of osteometabolic diseases and especially of the osteoblastic activity. In the present study, we examined the serum osteocalcin concentration of those patients with urogenital tumor, especially prostate cancer, who had been confirmed for multiple bone-metastasis by clinical examination. These patients comprised an untreated group (15 cases) of patients with prostate cancer presenting confirmed bone-metastasis, and a group of patients without bone-metastasis. The respective serum osteocalcin concentrations of these two groups were compared with 51 cases of prostate hypertrophy used as the control group. The findings revealed that the serum osteocalcin concentration demonstrated high values in the first group with a tendency toward lowering during treatment. Neither the latter group nor the control group showed high values. On the other hand, false-positive cases (8%), and false-negative cases (20%) were found. In the case of bone-metastasis, these results suggest that measurement of serum osteocalcin concentration is useful for clinical periodical observation about the activity of the bone metastatic focus.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Effects of chemically defined tannins on poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity.

Three classes of chemically defined tannins, gallotannins, ellagitannins and condensed tannins were examined for their inhibitory activities against purified poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase. Ellagitannins showed higher inhibitory activities than gallotannins. In contrast, condensed tannins, which consist of an epicathechin gallate (ECG) oligomer without a glucose core were not appreciably inhibitory. Kinetic analysis revealed that the inhibition of ellagitannins was competitive with respect to the substrate poly(ADP-ribose), whereas gallotannins exhibited mixed-type inhibition. These results suggest that conjugation with glucose of hexahydroxy-diphenoyl (HHDP) group, which is a unique component of ellagitannins, potentiated the inhibitory activity, and that the structure of ellagitannins may have a functional domain which competes with poly(ADP-ribose) on the poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase molecule.

Glycoside Hydrolases↗
PubMed1991

[A case of Fahr's disease associated with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis].

We studied a case of Fahr's disease type idiopathic intracerebral calcification (Fahr's disease) associated with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The patient was a 15-year-old male with a chief complaint of gait disturbance. His family members had no similar signs and symptoms. His parents had no consanguinity. He was born with the normal perinatal course at 1967. He had repeated episodes of convulsive attacks during fever elevation from 2 years and 8 months to 9 years of age. Morning stiffness of bilateral hands, and pernio in the auricles, fingers, planta, and toes had occurred in every winter, since 6 years old. Swelling and pain of the bilateral knee and foot joints appeared, making ambulation difficult in 1983 (15 years old), and the patient was admitted to our hospital in July, the same year. On admission, congenital anomalies such as epicanthus and high-arched palate were noted, and swelling, deformation and contracture of limb joints, and Raynaud phenomenon were shown. His ocular fundus showed no arteriosclerotic change. He didn't have Albright's sign. Mild mental retardation and bilateral pyramidal tract signs were noted, but extrapyramidal tract and cerebellar signs, and sensory disturbance were absent. Laboratory findings exhibited markedly elevated ESR, positive CRP, RA, and antinuclear antibody. The levels of serum Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone were normal. Peripheral blood study showed microcytic and hypochromic anemia. Anti-DNA antibody was negative. Ellsworth-Howard test was positive. Elevated antibody titer to toxoplasma, rubella virus, herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus were not proven. He had no chromosomal change.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle--case report].

The patient, a 25-year-old male, was admitted with a 2-year history of double vision and recurrent suboccipital headache. Neurological findings on admission revealed nystagmus, double vision in the far field, bilateral abducense palsy, weakness in the bilateral legs, hypalgesia and hypesthesia under the L5 level, gait disturbance and hypotonia of the anal sphincter. Plain skull X-ray showed marked digital impression and disappearance of the posterior clinoid process and the dorsum sella. Myelography disclosed a filling defect dorsal to upper and midcervical cord. Intraventricular injection of metrizamide outline cystic dilatation and caudal migration of the fourth ventricle. Occipital craniectomy and laminectomy from C1 to C6 was performed. Operative findings showed thickened arachnoid membranes and cystic expansion of the fourth ventricle lying dorsal to the cervical cord. Caudal portion of the ventricle was removed, and V-P shunt was placed into the fourth ventricle to maintain decompression of the cystic part of the fourth ventricle. This patient is considered to represent a case of cystic dilatation (or ventricular diverticulum) of the fourth ventricle in Arnold-Chiari malformation. We stress that posterior decompression with V-P shunting procedure is recommended as the treatment of choice for such Arnold-Chiari type II malformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Preventive effect of post-ischemic reperfusion injury by terminal Nicorandil-Mg cardioplegia].

In this study, we evaluated the postischemic myocardial tissue blood flow, specific enzymes, and functional recovery infused with a Nicorandil vasodilator-magnesium solution (Nico.: 8 mg/L, Mg: 20 mEq/L) given just prior to reperfusion (Terminal Cardioplegia, TCP). 27 patients undergoing valve replacement were divided into two groups; the hearts of group non-TCP (nTCP) (n = 15) were reperfused after ischemia without TCP, and in the other hearts of group TCP (n = 12), TCP was given for 2 min prior to reperfusion. During the reperfusion period, myocardial tissue blood flow (TBF) on the anterior wall of left ventricle were monitored by a laser blood flow-meter. Thereafter, serum CK-MB levels, MM3/MM1 values by CK-MM subbands (MM1, MM2, MM3) levels and LVSWI were measured until 24 hours after surgery. At 5 and 10 min of reperfusion, Group TCP had a significantly greater TBF than Group nTCP (5 min; G-TCP: 69.9 +/- 19.0 ml/100 g.min, G-nTCP: 47.5 +/- 20.9, p less than 0.05, 10 min; G-TCP: 74.9 +/- 22.8, G-nTCP: 56.1 +/- 23.4, p less than 0.05). At 3 hrs after surgery, an increase of MM3/MM1 values was significantly suppressed in Group TCP compared to Group nTCP (G-TCP: 2.6 +/- 0.6, G-nTCP: 3.4 +/- 1.0, p less than 0.05). Also, Group TCP had better recovery of LVSWI. These results indicate that the TCP might reduce the postischemic reperfusion injury by the improvement of myocardial TBF and metabolism.

Heart Arrest, Induced↗
PubMed1991

Magnetic resonance imaging of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Thirty-eight patients with small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), size less than 20 mm, initially detected by ultrasound (US) and histologically confirmed, were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, computed tomographic (CT) scan, and angiography. MR imaging demonstrated HCC nodules in nine (75.0%) of 12 patients with tumors less than 10 mm in diameter and in 22 (84.6%) of 26 patients with tumors 10-20 mm in diameter. In total, HCC nodules were detected in 31 of 38 patients (81.6%) by MR imaging. On the other hand, HCC lesions were found on CT scan in 14 of 26 patients (53.8%) and in 27 of 35 patients (77.1%) by angiography. With MR imaging, HCC nodules were demonstrated in 21 of 31 patients on both T1 and T2 weighted images, and 13 of 21 patients (61.9%) were shown to have low intensity areas or iso intensity areas on T1 weighted image, whereas the other eight patients (38.1%) were shown to have high intensity areas. All 21 patients were shown to have high intensity areas on T2 weighted image. Among 15 resected cases, four patients had a high intensity area on T1 weighted image, and a significant fatty change was noted in HCC nodules by histological study of the resected specimen. We suggest that MR imaging is a useful diagnostic imaging modality, even in small HCC of less than 20 mm.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case report of hemangioma of the petrous bone which caused facial spasm and facial palsy].

A rare case of hemangioma of the petrous bone is described. A 31-year-old woman suffered from right facial twitching and palsy. So she underwent a craniectomy intending microvascular decompression of the facial nerve, but no compressing vessels or tumors were found. Three years later, however, her facial fasciculation disappeared spontaneously, but facial weakness deteriorated and she began to feel vertigo. On admission, neurological examination revealed right facial palsy of the peripheral type, slight hearing disturbance, and canal palsy. Bone-window CT and T2-weighted MRI revealed a small tumor destroying the petrous bone near the geniculate portion of the facial nerve. Using the epidural subtemporal approach, the tumor was totally removed and the facial nerve remained intact. Histologically it was diagnosed as hemangioma. Hemangioma of the skull base bone is rare, and it is interesting that the tumor in this case caused abnormal facial contraction like hemifacial spasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Vertebral dissecting aneurysm treated with trapping and bilateral posterior inferior cerebellar artery side-to side anastomosis; case report].

A case is reported of ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the intracranial vertebral artery (VA) operated on with VA trapping and bilateral posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) side-to-side anastomosis. A 42-year-old male suddenly developed severe headache and vomiting. On admission, 3 hours later, he was in a state of moderate confusion (Japan Coma Scale 3) and had neck stiffness. Computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage, especially thick in the posterior fossa with right side dominance. Right vertebral angiography disclosed a fusiform dilatation with proximal narrowing of the right VA which originated just proximal to the VA-PICA junction. Lateral suboccipital craniectomy was undertaken with the patient in a left park bench position. Right VA was dilated and discolored black, and right PICA arose from the proximal portion of this aneurysmal dilatation. Since it was impossible to clip the VA distal to the PICA for the proximal clip-occlusion, the VA including the VA-PICA junction was trapped. Considering the risk of developing infarction at the PICA territory, bilateral PICA was anastomosed at their posterior medullary segment in a side-to-side fashion because the occipital artery (OA) had been cut at the skin incision and could not be used for the OA-PICA anastomosis. The postoperative course was benign, but a mild lateral medullary syndrome developed. CT revealed no abnormal low density area and left vertebral angiography demonstrated the patency of the bypass. Thereafter, the deficit subsided gradually and the patient was discharged. He is presently working without neurological deficit.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Antitumor effect of LPS immobilized beads].

The anticancer effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have been investigated, but its strong toxicity has made it difficult to utilize. In order to induce the anticancer effect without toxicity, LPS and its components were immobilized to polystyrene beads. Spleen cells from C3H/HeN mice and SD rats were activated by contact stimulation with immobilized beads. Cytotoxicity tests were measured by 51Cr release assay. Spleen cells stimulated by beads immobilizing a portion of the components constituting LPS led to little cytotoxicity. Spleen cells stimulated by E. coli LPS immobilized beads led to strong cytotoxicity in the murine system. On the other hand, in the SD rat system, cells stimulated with Salmonella LPS immobilized beads led to more stronger cytotoxicity than that of lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells. These activities were enhanced by culturing within 48 to 72 hours after stimulation. Activated spleen cells were injected into the tumor-bearing mice intralesionally, and suppression of tumor growth and survival elongation of the mice were recognized. Activated cells were injected intravenously into the metastatic lung tumor-bearing rats, and lung metastasis almost vanished. LPS immobilized beads exhibited antitumor effects, and it was considered LPS immobilized beads induced killer cells through cytokines and proper immobilized LPS was different according to the species of animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Multilocular encapsulated intracerebral hematoma; a case report].

Encapsulated intracerebral hematomas mimicking a brain tumor have been reported as a rare occurrence. An additional case with a characteristic feature found on computed tomography (CT), and a clinical course is described. CT scans revealed a high density mass with peripheral low density in the brain. A hematoma was successfully removed and found to have a thick and multilobular fibrous capsule associated with cavernous hemangioma. Repeated hemorrhage due to vascular malformation was considered to have contributed to the formation of the capsule. Increasing awareness of the possibility of an encapsulated intracerebral hematoma as a clinical and pathological entity, would enable us to make a correct diagnosis and to select proper treatment. A thorough survey of occult vascular malformation is necessary in surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A projection of the lens accommodation-related area to the pupillo-constrictor area in the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian area in cats.

The fiber connection between areas related to lens accommodation and to pupillary constriction was studied in the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian area (PMLS) in the extrastriate cortex of the cat. The accommodation-related area was located in the PMLS by microstimulation, and the anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin was injected into this area. Anterogradely-labeled fibers and terminals were found in the upper part of the medial bank of the middle suprasylvian sulcus, the area corresponding to the pupillo-constrictor area in the PMLS. The labeling was also found in the fundus of the middle suprasylvian sulcus, the medial bank of the lateral sulcus and the superficial layers of the superior colliculus. It is concluded that the area related to lens accommodation projects to the area related to pupillary constriction in the PMLS.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1991

[Mechanical factors of a severe type of ventricular arrhythmia after Cabrol's operation].

Severe type of ventricular arrhythmia was noticed after Cabrol's operation more frequently than usual reperfusion arrhythmia. Nine patients received Cabrol's operation and 2 of Bentall's were divided into 2 groups according to the occurrence of postsurgical ventricular arrhythmia (Lown's classification grade 0-3: 5 cases, grade 4 A-5: 6 cases), and then the factors contributed to the arrhythmia were analyzed. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups on the point of the characteristics of the cases with or without emergent surgery for, such as ruptured or dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysms or other complicated lesions, the degree of surgical damage, or preoperative cardiac function. The only significant difference between the groups was the angle overheading to the central point of left coronary orifice anastomosed with intermediate tube from the extensive line of the prosthetic flange obtained in the left anterior oblique views on the angiography. The mean value of the angle of the severe group (grade 4 A-5) was 41 +/- 6.8 degrees (mean +/- SD) and significantly acute than the angle of the other group (grade 0-3: 57 +/- 6.4 degrees). This fact suggested that the main reason of the ventricular arrhythmia was coronary ischemia caused by compression of the intermediate tube after formation of massive hematoma within the aneurysmal capsule wrapped over the composite graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula presenting subarachnoid hemorrhage 5 years after head injury; case report].

A case of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) which presented subarachnoid hemorrhage long after the injury is reported. A 24-year-old male was admitted to the National Yokohama Hospital with complaints of severe headache and nausea. CT scan and cerebral angiography showed subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured CCF. His right visual acuity has disappeared after a traffic accident 5 years before, and he had hit his forehead again 3 years previously. He experienced severe headache twice for 2 weeks after his admission. He was transferred to Kanagawa Rehabilitation Center to be treated with intravascular surgery. Plain CT showed high density areas in the basal cisterns. CT after contrast infusion disclosed a small enlarged high density area in the right cavernous sinus, and showed an enhanced mass lesion in contact with the right ventrolateral side of the midpons. The right internal carotid angiogram showed high flow CCF, fed only by the internal carotid artery. It drained mainly into the basilar plexus, partially into the basal vein of Rosenthal and the inferior petrosal sinus. The CCF was found at the C4 portion of the right internal carotid artery. CT and the angiogram revealed a part of the CCF developing into a varix in the ventral side of the prepontine cistern. It ruptured and the patient developed subarachnoid hemorrhage 5 years after the head injury. The CCF was intravascularly embolized by a detachable balloon. Early treatment for CCF is necessary to prevent the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage if a part of the CCF develops into a varix.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Longitudinal change of H-1 spectroscopy in cerebral infarction].

Longitudinal change of the proton spectroscopy was observed in 2 cases of cerebral infarction. Proton spectra was acquired utilizing stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM). In acute stage, the increase of lactic acid and decrease of N-acetyl-aspartic acid (NAA) was observed prior to the appearance of abnormality in imagings such as magnetic resonance imaging and computer tomography. The increase of lactic acid was observed in subacute stage and chronic stage (in severe case). The decrease of NAA persisted in chronic stage. The increase of lactic acid and decrease of NAA indicate a damage of the ischemic tissue. The degree of the decrease of the NAA seems to be a reasonable indicator of the viability of the damaged tissue. The proton spectroscopy is a powerful modality for the evaluation of the extent of tissue damage caused by the ischemic insult.

Aged↗