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Biomedical subjects

H A Perkins

Publications and source records attributed to H A Perkins.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

HLA typing and primary cadaver graft survival.

Analysis of 463 consecutive primary cadaver renal transplants showed no influence of HLA match grade on renal allograft survival. Additional categorization according to HLA match grade and degree of presensitization again showed no correlation between match grade and graft survival. Mismatches and matches of specific antigens, cross-reacting groups of antigens, and effect of matching at both locus A and B were also evaluated. There was no significant effect on graft survival except when mismatches against donor A2 and cross-reacting group A2, A28 occurred. A trend toward better graft survival was suggested in recipients matched for A9 and cross-reacting group A9, Aw 23, Aw 24. Although HLA match grade did not influence ultimate graft survival, HLA typing remains important, especially to avoid mismatch against donor A2 antigen. In addition, subsequent detection of new specificities, particularly in other than the A and B loci, may provide significance in the future.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1976

Lysis of donor RBC during plateletpheresis with a blood processor.

Erythrocytes of a normal volunteer blood donor were grossly hemolyzed during plateletpheresis with the use of a continuous-flow centrifuge. Extensive studies of the donor's red blood cells (RBC) showed no abnormalities. Bank blood was then processed in the centrifuge in a manner identical to the prescribed in vivo plateletpheresis. Gross hemolysis consistently resulted when the tubing on the downstream side of the blood pump was partially obstructed by a twist. This experience calls for caution when assembling the harness of an extracorporeal circuit employing a pump. The tubing should be inspected to ensure the absence of obstructions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Post-transfusion thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report.

Post-transfusion thrombocytopenic purpura (PTTP) is a rare syndrome which was first brought to widespread attention by Shulman et al. Eighteen cases have been reported. The present report describes an additional patient, a multiparous female who developed petechia 7 days after blood transfusion. The patient's serum contained anti-P1A1 antibodies and her own platelets were P1A1-negative. She was treated with prednisone and recovered spontaneously without exchange transfusion of whole blood or plasma.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Two techniques to make the lymphocytotoxic crossmatch more sensitive: prolonged incubation and the antiglobulin test.

Two techniques capable of increasing the sensitivity of the lymphocytotoxic crossmatch test were compared for sensitivity and practically using the fluorochromasia modification of the cytotoxicity test. Prolonging the incubation period after addition of complement in the standard test resulted in further positive reactions. Modification of the test by addition of antiglobulin reagent increased the reactivity more than prolonged incubation of the standard test. The fluorochromasia adaptation of the antiglobulin test had sensitivity equivalent to the original antiglobulin method. The antiglobulin technique had a number of disadvantages, and neither the prolonged incubation nor the antiglobulin procedure meet the requirements of a busy histocompatibility testing service in view of the time consumed for the first and the complexity of the second.

Coombs Test↗
PubMed1975

A new virus specified determinant of hepatitis B surface antigen.

One hundred and three samples from hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s)Ag) positive Californian blood donors were subtyped in immunodiffusion with respect to d/y, w/r and a21, a23, a3. Spur formation with a human antiserum indicated a previously unrecognized determinant q, which was detected in 96 sera (4 a21yw, 15 a23yw, 69 a21dw and 8 adr). Out of 8 sera which by spur formation were demonstrated to lack q, 7 were further subtyped (2 a21dw and 5 a3dw). Hence all 5 a3 dw specimens were demonstrated to lack q, thus indicating that q is specified by the virus. The possible relation of q to x with further implications for the specification of x is discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1975

Immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen.

A total of 69 persons were investigated for assessment of cell-mediated and humoral immunity to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Three groups, each consisting of 20 normal persons, 20HBsAg carriers, and 20 convalescent hepatitis B patients, were studied for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and leukocyte migration inhibition with purified HBsAg. Sequential sampling if an additional group of nine acute hepatitis B patients defined the cellular and humoral immune response to HBsAg. The antigen was eliminated rapidly by mounting of cell-mediated immune response detectable for a limited period, followed by antibody response in relatively few patients moore than 3 months after clearance of circulating HBsAg.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1975

Reactions of kidney cells with cytotoxic antisera: possible evidence of kidney-specific antigens.

HL-A typing of cadaver kidney cell suspension by fluorochromasia cytotoxicity was successful in 76 out of 124 cases. In the 44 cases with confirmed phenotypes, 24 had identical results for lymphocytes and kidney cells. Twenty kidney cells had HL-A antigens not detected on that donor's lymphocytes, most commonly HL-A7 and HL-A8. In eight of these 20 cases, the additional kidney antigens brought the total to more than two per segregant sereis, in disagreement with an earlier report from this laboratory. The discrepancy was traced to a change in the method of complement preparation. The complement was successfully deprived of the resulting non-specific cytotoxicity for kidney cells by absorption with human red blood cells. Prior to absorption, the complement had rendered kidney cells susceptible to the lytic effect of anti-A and B red cell antibodies. Using the absorbed complement, a patient who had hyperacutely rejected two cadaver kidneys provided sera with an antibody reacting with, and absorbed by, the kidney cells but not the lymphocytes of the donors.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1975

Healthy blood donors with selective absence of immunoglobulin A: prevention of anaphylactic transfusion reactions caused by antibodies to IgA.

Gel diffusion analysis of sera from 73,569 healthy volunteer blood donors revealed apparent lack of IgA in 113 (1:650) samples, all with normal levels of IgG and IgM. Of these, 30 sera had low levels of IgA, while the remaining 83 had no IgA detectable by a more sensitive hemagglutination inhibition assay. The frequency of absent IgA (algA) was 1:886. High-titer anti-IgA was detected in the sera of 13 algA donors; only two had any known history of parenteral injection of IgA. Passive transfusion of high-titer anti-IgA in the units of blood elicited no clinical reaction in the recipients. Precipitating antibodies to ruminant IgM were present in 14 of the 83 donors. The incidence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HB-sAg), anti-HB-sAG, and antinuclear antibodies was the same in IgA-deficient and control sera. The algA donors form a unique resource for blood components for the clinical management of patients with anapylactic reactions caused by anti-IgA.

Anaphylaxis↗