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Biomedical subjects

Graham J McDougall

Publications and source records attributed to Graham J McDougall.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Memory improvement in octogenarians.

This pre-post quasiexperimental study tested the eight-session Cognitive Behavioral Model of Everyday Memory in residents (58 women, 20 men) of a retirement village in Northeast Ohio. Their average age was 82 years, with 16 years of education and Mini-Mental State Examination score of 28; 13% were depressed. All participants were pretested and posttested at 8 weeks. The largest gains were in memory self-efficacy and use of internal memory strategies. Moderate gains were made in instrumental activities and change, and smaller gains were made in locus and memory performance. The dose of the intervention (eight sessions) was adequate, and practice in each class session facilitated mastery of memory strategies and techniques.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aging memory self-efficacy: elders share their thoughts and experience.

Twenty-six elders responded to an open-ended question as part of a study that examined the relationships among depression, health, memory self-efficacy, and metamemory. Participants rated their overall memory function as fair to average (M = 4.26, standard deviation [SD] = 1.29). The average memory efficacy scores were high (M = 51.35, SD = 23.56). The final question invited participants to share any additional information they thought might be important to this item. This article represents a content analysis of these comments. The mean age of responders was 68.78; all had high perceived health and no depression. No differences on memory self-efficacy arose among age groups. Themes included memory management, rationalization, reflection, information seeking, and correlation establishment. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to ask elders about memory function during routine health care encounters, as individuals are interested in memory assessment and management.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Black and white men at risk for memory impairment.

BACKGROUND: Blacks are under-represented in government-funded research. Epidemiological data indicate that morbidity and mortality in the United States are higher in Blacks than in Whites. OBJECTIVE: To examine memory performance in a sample of Black and White healthy men 70 years of age and older. METHOD: Sixty-nine (24 Black, 45 White) men participated in a study of memory performance. All individuals lived either in private homes or subsidized high-rise apartments. RESULTS: Black men had higher anxiety about their memories, used fewer internal and external memory strategies, and had less confidence and less understanding of their everyday memory than White men. Based on their depression scores, more Black men (35%) were at risk for depression than White men (10%). Even though there were no differences in the numbers of men who lived alone, White men were five times more likely to be married and live with a spouse (27 vs. 5). CONCLUSION: In this sample of Black and White men, there were no differences in actual memory performance, but significant differences were found in the subjective aspects of memory evaluation.

Black or African American↗