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Biomedical subjects

Goji Tomita

Publications and source records attributed to Goji Tomita.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Ocular factors relevant to anti-glaucomatous eyedrop-related keratoepitheliopathy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the ocular factors contributing to keratoepitheliopathy in glaucoma patients treated with or without anti-glaucomatous eyedrops, and the influences of each anti-glaucomatous eyedrop to keratoepitheliopathy. METHODS: The presence and severity of keratoepitheliopathy was investigated in 193 eyes of 110 glaucoma patients. The ocular factors examined were the status of the lipid layer of the tear fluid as assessed by a specular reflection video-recording system, tear volume assessed by Schirmer's test, and tear film stability assessed by tear break-up time. The influences of combined anti-glaucomatous eyedrops and each anti-glaucomatous eyedrops to keratoepitheliopathy were investigated. RESULTS: The overall occurrence of superficial punctate keratitis was 29.0%. Superficial punctate keratitis was more frequently observed in patients who used more than two anti-glaucomatous eyedrops (35.9%) than in those who used without (19.7%) and one (30.9%). Results of Schirmer's test and break-up time were worse in patients who used combined medication. The occurrence of superficial punctate keratitis in patients who used timolol (46.2%) was significantly more frequent than in those who used carteolol (4.2%). Severity of superficial punctate keratitis and break-up time in patients who used timolol were significantly worse than in those who used carteolol. There were no differences of keratoepitheliopathy and ocular factors between patients who used latanoprost and unoprostone. CONCLUSION: The usage of multiple anti-glaucomatous eyedrops induces keratoepitheliopathy by reducing the tear volume and the tear film stability. Carteolol may be used more safely for corneal epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Serial topographic changes at the optic disc in normal-tension glaucoma viewed with scanning laser tomography].

PURPOSE: To evaluate topographic changes in normal-tension glaucoma using serial optic disc images obtained by scanning laser tomography. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-six eyes of 30 patients with normal-tension glaucoma were imaged using the Heidelberg Retina Tomography (HRT) four or more times during follow-up periods of more than 3 years. Disc progression was determined by regression analysis of global and segmental changes in optic disc parameters. Visual field progression was determined by Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) program 30-2 and was compared with disc progression. RESULTS: The global parameters of the optic disc showed progression in 21 of 56 eyes(37.5%). Progression was found in 30 eyes(53.6%) at the superotemporal segment, in 24 eyes(42.9%) at the temporal segment, in 27 eyes(48.2%) at the inferotemporal segment, in 21 eyes(37.5%) at the superonasal segment, in 23 eyes(41.1%) at the nasal segment, and in 27 eyes(48.2%) at the inferonasal segment. The visual field showed progression in 19 eyes (33.9%). The progression in the optic disc parameters did not necessarily agree with that in the visual field. CONCLUSIONS: Glaucomatous disc changes over time can be determined with HRT using regression analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Learning effect and measurement variability in frequency-doubling technology perimetry in chronic open-angle glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To prospectively study the learning effects and measurement variability in frequency-doubling technology perimetry in glaucoma patients who were well practiced in testing with an automated static perimeter. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with clinically stable chronic open-angle glaucoma (n = 44) who had undergone repeated perimetric testing using a 30-2 full-threshold program with a Humphrey perimeter with reliable results were enrolled in the study. The authors tested each patient using frequency-doubling technology perimetry. After initial examination with the C-20-1 screening program, the N-30 full-threshold program was performed three times at 1- to 3-month intervals. RESULTS: Perimetric results of the N-30 program improved with repeated testing in both eyes between the first and second visits. The average of mean deviation (MD) of the N-30 program significantly improved by 0.6 dB ( < 0.001) in the right eye and 0.8 dB ( < 0.002) in the left eye between the first and second sessions. The sensitivity in 4 of 19 test points (right eye) and 5 of 19 points (left eye) improved significantly at the second sessions, but not the third session. There were no significant differences in the FDT results between the second and third sessions in both eyes. The standard deviation of the mean MD value for the three sessions ranged from 3.8 to 4.0 dB in both eyes. CONCLUSION: Baseline measurements for perimetric follow-up with the N-30 full-threshold program in patients with glaucoma should be repeated at least twice after testing with the C-20-1 screening program.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Specificity and sensitivity of glaucoma detection in the Japanese population using scanning laser polarimetry.

AIMS: To investigate the usefulness of the scanning laser polarimeter (GDx; GDx Nerve Fiber Analyzer) for glaucoma detection in the Japanese population, and to investigate the difference in the thickness of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) between normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: 69 eyes of 69 normal subjects and 115 eyes of 115 chronic open angle glaucoma patients (60 NTG and 55 POAG patients) were studied. The thickness of RNFL was measured with GDx. An eye was diagnosed as glaucomatous, if at least one original GDx variable showed p <5%. The difference in thickness of RNFL between the NTG and POAG groups was then investigated. RESULTS: 46 normal eyes (66.7%) were diagnosed as not glaucomatous (no variables showing p <5%), and 93 glaucomatous eyes (46 NTG and 47 POAG eyes) (80.9%) were diagnosed as glaucomatous. Actual values of average thickness, ellipse average, superior average, and superior integral were significantly lower in the POAG group than those in the NTG group. CONCLUSIONS: New variables which elucidate focal RNFL defects or early changes are needed to improve the moderate detection ability found in this present study. The pattern of the change in RNFL may differ in NTG and POAG groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The effect of phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor on chorio-retinal blood flow in rabbits eyes].

PURPOSE: To investigate the ocular effect of intravenous administration of a phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor (NSP-805) and to compare the effect of NSP-805 with that of a calcium antagonist (nicardipine hydrochloride) on chorio-retinal blood flow in anesthetized albino rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-four female albino rabbits (weighting 2.0-4.0 kg) were anesthetized with intravenous injection. NSP-805(40 micrograms/kg and 100 micrograms/kg) and nicardipine of 40 micrograms/kg were intravenously administrated to the anesthetized rabbits. Intravenously administration of 20% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a vehicle. Chorio-retinal blood flow was measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter at baseline and every 20 minutes after intravenous administration for 120 minutes. Heart rates and systemic blood pressure were monitored. Baseline measurements were compared with every 10 minutes after intravenous administration. Differences between the drug groups and vehicle group were analyzed. RESULTS: After administration of a low dose of NSP--805 (40 micrograms/kg) and nicardipine (40 micrograms/kg), the chorio-retinal blood flow was significantly increased (p < 0.05). A high dose NSP-805(100 micrograms/kg) reduced systemic blood pressure significantly, but the increase of chorio-retinal blood flow was less than that at the low dose of NSP-805(40 micrograms/kg) and nicardipine (40 micrograms/kg). Chorio-retinal blood flow in the NSP 805(40 micrograms/kg) and nicardipine (40 micrograms/kg) groups was significantly increased over that in the control group (20% DMSO) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the NSP-805 has the potential of increasing chorio-retinal blood flow in rabbit eyes.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visual field damage in normal-tension glaucoma patients with or without ischemic changes in cerebral magnetic resonance imaging.

PURPOSE: To compare the pattern of visual field damage between normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients with signs indicative of ischemic changes and those NTG patients without signs of ischemic changes, using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in a single center, cross-sectional study. METHODS: In 94 consecutive NTG patients who were younger than 61 years old, brain MRI images were obtained using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery pulse sequences. The presence of signs indicative of ischemic changes in brain MRI images was decided separately by two neuroradiologists masked to the diagnosis and stage of glaucoma. Visual field testing was performed using the 30-2 program of the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer. Between the patients with signs indicative of ischemic changes in brain MRI (ischemic group) and those without MRI signs (nonischemic group), total deviation (TD) at each test point less the average of TDs of the 30-2 program ([TD - TD(mean)])--was compared at each test point. RESULTS: Signs indicative of ischemic changes in brain MRI were found in 32 of the 94 patients (34.0%). Age, blood pressure, refraction, intraocular pressure, the average of TDs, mean deviation, and corrected pattern standard deviation were not significantly different between the ischemic (N = 32) and nonischemic (N = 62) groups (P > 0.2). [TD - TD(mean)] in the ischemic group was significantly smaller than that in the nonischemic group at 6 nonedge contiguous test points in the inferior pericentral to nasal field (P = 0.005-0.047). CONCLUSION: NTG patients with signs indicative of ischemic changes in brain MRI had a relatively deeper depression in the inferior pericentral visual field.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy and complications after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in normal-tension glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of and complications after trabeculectomy using mitomycin C (MMC) in Japanese normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients by a retrospective analysis based on the Kaplan-Meier life table method. METHODS: Clinical records of 39 NTG patients who underwent trabeculectomy with 0.04% MMC and had postoperative follow-up periods of 3 years or more (50.5 +/- 8.4 months, mean +/- SD) were reviewed. Postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) at every 1 or 2 months, complications, visual acuity, and visual field at every 6 months were recorded. RESULTS: IOP significantly decreased from 15.9 +/- 1.9 preoperatively to 8-11 mmHg throughout the postoperative follow-up period (P < 0.0001). The life table analysis, in which failure of IOP control was defined as an IOP above a level either 30% or 20% lower than the preoperative IOP at three consecutive visits, showed a cumulative survival rate of 39.4 +/- 7.8% (mean +/- SEM) or 41.3 +/- 8.9%, respectively, at 4 years after surgery. Mean deviation of the visual field results did not significantly change (P > 0.5). The cumulative survival rate from postoperative late-onset hypotony was 74.7 +/- 6.3% at 4 years after surgery. Postoperative complications observed were shallow anterior chamber (six eyes), choroidal detachment (nine eyes), hypotonous maculopathy (seven eyes), bleb leak (one eye), cataract development (three eyes), and blebitis (two eyes). No eyes developed endophthalmitis. CONCLUSIONS: In NTG patients, trabeculectomy with MMC showed significant efficacy in reducing IOP up to 4 years after surgery. Since risks of postoperative complications are unavoidable, indications for surgery should be carefully considered, and careful follow-up is necessary to avoid severe postoperative complications.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Topographic characteristics of the optic nerve head measured with scanning laser tomography in normal Japanese subjects.

PURPOSE: Few studies have been performed regarding the topographic information obtained with the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) in normal Japanese. In this study, we examined the factors influencing optic disc parameters and hemisphere symmetry obtained with the HRT in normal Japanese subjects. METHODS: Mean values and the standard deviation range for the main HRT parameters were evaluated in 223 eyes of 223 normal Japanese subjects. The influence of age, sex, and disc size on HRT topographic data was analyzed. The superior and inferior hemisphere topographic parameters were compared. RESULTS: Disc area showed a significant difference by sex (P = 0.0493). Rim volume (r = -0.208, P = 0.019), height variation contour (r = -0.275, P = 0.001), and mean retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (r = -0.366, P = 0.001) declined with age. All parameters except height variation contour and mean RNFL thickness showed a clinically significant correlation with disc size (-0.159 < r < 0.719, P < 0.01). Cup parameters in the superior hemisphere were significantly greater than those in the inferior hemisphere. In contrast, rim parameters in the superior hemisphere were significantly smaller than those in the inferior hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS: Some factors, namely, sex, age, and disc size, affected the optic disc parameters in the HRT measurements. Possible parameter asymmetry between the two hemispheres should be considered in normal eyes.

Adolescent↗