Biomedical subjects

Gitte M Hvistendahl

Publications and source records attributed to Gitte M Hvistendahl.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

The pharmacokinetics of 400 microg of oral desmopressin in elderly patients with nocturia, and the correlation between the absorption of desmopressin and clinical effect.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of oral desmopressin in elderly patients with nocturia, and to analyse any possible correlation between the absorption and clinical effect. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 32 patients were screened to determine the baseline number of nocturnal voids and the nocturia index; of these, 24 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for a pharmacokinetic evaluation of oral desmopressin 400 microg. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover-effect evaluation period was then used to test the association between the absorption of desmopressin and pharmacodynamic effect. Serial plasma samples were collected for 8 h for a pharmacokinetic analysis of desmopressin. The pharmacodynamics after an equivalent oral dose before bedtime were assessed by measuring changes in the number of nocturnal voids, time to first nocturnal void and nocturnal diuresis, from placebo to active treatment. RESULTS: There was a linear relationship between plasma desmopressin at 2 h after dosing and the area under the plasma concentration curve from 0 to infinity (Pearson's rho 0.923, P < 0.001). Women had a significantly higher plasma desmopressin concentration than men (P = 0.0012) and more adverse events. There was no correlation between plasma desmopressin at 2 h after dosing and the within-patient response in any of the effect variables. Generally, the number of nocturnal voids and nocturnal diuresis were half that with placebo. The time to the first nocturnal void was almost doubled compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: There seems to be a relationship between gender, plasma level of desmopressin and the incidence of adverse events. Plasma desmopressin at 2 h after dosing cannot be used to predict the pharmacodynamic response, although desmopressin lowers the nocturnal diuresis and the number of nocturnal voids.

Absorption↗

PubMed2002

Female nocturia.

Many elderly experience nocturia to such a degree that it influences their quality of life. Different studies use equivocal definitions when trying to analyze data on nocturia. The literature on etiology of female nocturia is sparse, whereas male nocturia has been studied rather extensively because of the association with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). At present the few studies on female nocturia questions the fact that male and female nocturia have identical etiologies. This review will go through the present reports on prevalence and etiology of nocturia among women with reference to the male situation.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Demographics of enuresis patients attending a referral centre.

OBJECTIVE: To study and compare the demography of enuretic children 7-16 years old attending a tertiary referral centre for childhood urinary incontinence, with that of normal children and what is generally known about enuretics from population-based studies. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This was a retrospective analysis of data compiled from 298 enuretic patients referred to The Centre of Child Incontinence, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark, and 53 healthy controls. Data was obtained by conducting standardised questionnaire interviews. Patients were stratified according to accompanying symptoms and severity of enuresis. Statistical analysis of the results was then performed. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety-three patients had sufficient data registered to allow reliable analysis. Male-female ratio was 2.2:1. Primary and secondary enuresis was found in 87.4% and 11.6% of the patients respectively. Enuresis was associated with a reported history of bronchial asthma (p < 0.05), verified allergy (p < 0.05) and a positive family history of the same disorder (p < 0.01). No association with psycho-developmental factors was evident. Approximately 98% of the patients had undergone some form of therapy at presentation. 74.1% of the patients had pure monosymptomatic enuresis, 16.4% had day and night time incontinence, while the remaining 9.6% had nocturnal incontinence combined with other lower urinary tract symptoms other than daytime wetting. CONCLUSIONS: The demography of our patient population was, with a few exceptions, within the confines of what has previously been reported. Our results also reaffirmed the heterogeneity of enuretic patients.

Adolescent↗