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Biomedical subjects

Gerhard Andersson

Publications and source records attributed to Gerhard Andersson.

58 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Personality characteristics and perceived health problems after burn injury.

The relationship between personality traits and the perceived outcome of burn injury 1 to 18 years (mean, 9.2 years) after severe burn injury was evaluated in 166 individuals treated at the Uppsala Burn Unit. The perceived outcome was measured with the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B) and was related to personality traits evaluated by means of the Swedish universities Scales of Personality. After controlling for age at inquiry, time since injury, burn area, and sex, a stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed an association between the Swedish universities Scales of Personality domain Neuroticism and Bad outcome in all BSHS-B domains, both psychosocial and physical, and Insufficient outcome in the domains Work, Body image, Affect, and BSHS-B total score. The neurotic traits Somatic trait anxiety, Psychic trait anxiety, Stress susceptibility, Embitterment, and Mistrust each or in different combinations explained the observed relationships. The data suggest that personality is related to health status because it is perceived a long time after severe burn injury and that its effect is not confined only to psychological but also to physical aspects of life.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Randomized controlled trial of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for distress associated with tinnitus.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate if cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) provided via the Internet results in significant decreases of distress in individuals with tinnitus. METHODS: Participants were recruited through Web pages and newspaper articles and thereafter randomly allocated to a CBT self-help manual in six modules or to a waiting-list control group (WLC). All treatment and contact with participants were conducted via the Internet with Web pages and E-mail correspondence. Participants were 117 individuals with tinnitus of duration of more than 6 months. In the first randomized controlled phase of the study, 26 completed all stages of treatment (51% dropout), and 64 of the WLC group completed measures. At 1-year follow-up, all participants had been offered the program and 96 provided outcome measures (18% dropout rate from baseline). Tinnitus-related problems were assessed before and after treatment and at the 1-year follow-up. Daily diary ratings were included for 1 week before and 1 week following the treatment period. RESULTS: Tinnitus-related distress, depression, and diary ratings of annoyance decreased significantly. Immediately following the randomized controlled phase (with a WLC), significantly more participants in the treatment group showed an improvement of at least 50% on the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire. At the uncontrolled follow-up, 27 (31%) of all participants had achieved a clinically significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS: CBT via the Internet can help individuals decrease annoyance associated with tinnitus. High dropout rates or delay in completing treatment can be a characteristic of treatment studies using the Internet but should be contrasted with the cost effectiveness and accessibility of the Internet.

Anxiety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hyperacusis--an unexplored field. Cognitive behavior therapy can relieve problems in auditory intolerance, a condition with many questions].

Hyperacusis is defined as unusual intolerance to ordinary environmental sounds, and is commonly reported in the general population and in association with a range of medical conditions. These include neurological deficits (e.g. migraine), psychiatric conditions (e.g. depression), and several ear, nose and throat diagnoses such as tinnitus, noise-induced hearing loss, and middle ear malfunctions. However, extreme sensitivity to noise has also been studied from a public health perspective, but with a focus on noise sensitivity in general. In this review a distinction is proposed between three different aspects of the experience of hyperacusis. The first is the sensitivity, with the pain sensations reported in association with sounds. The second is the annoyance, which can be unrelated to loudness, but still cause marked distress. The third aspect deals with the fear of being harmed by sounds, which promotes avoidance and the unmotivated use of ear protection. The natural course of hyperacusis is largely unknown and there are no published randomized outcome studies on the available treatment options for the condition. In this paper we propose that cognitive behavioral therapy, presented in a multidisciplinary setting, could be a useful treatment. This treatment includes relaxation methods, advice regarding sound, and gradual exposure to everyday sounds.

Biomedical Research↗