Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Gaëlle Gillerot

Publications and source records attributed to Gaëlle Gillerot.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Genetic and clinical factors influence the baseline permeability of the peritoneal membrane.

BACKGROUND: Patients starting peritoneal dialysis (PD) show a significant variability in small solute transport across the peritoneal membrane (PM). The latter parameter determines dialysis prescription and survival. Clinical factors probably influence solute transport across the PM, but the putative role of genetic variants is unknown. METHODS: We have investigated the influence of functional polymorphisms of VEGF, ENOS, and IL-6, together with clinical and biological factors, on baseline peritoneal equilibration test (PET) parameters in a homogeneous population of 152 unrelated Caucasian PD patients from Belgium and the North of France. RESULTS: The distribution of the 21 alleles (7 polymorphisms) and linkage disequilibrium parameters were similar in PD patients and healthy subjects. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified comorbidity, serum albumin, and the -174G/C polymorphism of IL-6 as independent predictors of small solute transport. The -174G/C polymorphism of IL-6 was associated with significantly higher IL-6 mRNA levels in the PM and higher plasma and dialysate IL-6 concentrations, suggesting a dominant effect of the C allele. Patients harboring the CC and GC genotypes (N= 92) were characterized by significantly higher permeability parameters and inflammatory markers than patients harboring the GG genotype (N= 60). In contrast with IL-6, VEGF and ENOS polymorphisms had no influence on baseline peritoneal permeability. CONCLUSION: These data (1) show that, together with clinical parameters, the functionally relevant -174G/C polymorphism of IL-6 contributes to the interpatient variability in small solute transport rate at the start of PD; and (2) substantiate the critical role played by IL-6 in the PM.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Genotyping: a new application for the spent dialysate in peritoneal dialysis.

BACKGROUND: The dialysate of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) is used to determine the concentration of growth factors and cytokines, and as a source of resident peritoneal cells for subsequent culture experiments. We hypothesized that the cells contained in spent dialysate samples obtained at the time of the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) and subsequently stored may represent a source of DNA from a given PD patient. METHODS: We characterized a protocol of DNA extraction from dialysates obtained in PD patients after a long dwell during the initial PET and kept frozen up to several years. After amplification of the source DNA by strand displacement using the bacteriophage phi 29 DNA polymerase, we performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis for the Glu298Asp polymorphism of ENOS to demonstrate the suitability of the extracted DNA for genotyping. RESULTS: A significant amount of DNA (mean yield 12 microg/ml dialysate) was extracted from frozen dialysate samples. The extraction yield was not influenced by the duration of storage at -20 degrees C. Following amplification, the DNA extracted from the dialysate was used successfully for genotyping the Glu298Asp polymorphism of ENOS, as demonstrated by parallel analyses using DNA extracted from the peripheral blood and sequencing. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that the dialysis effluent obtained at the time of the initial PET and stored at -20 degrees C is a reliable source of DNA that can be used subsequently for PCR amplification, RFLP analysis and sequencing.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Aristolochic acid nephropathy and the peritoneum: Functional, structural, and molecular studies.

BACKGROUND: Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is a rapidly progressive interstitial nephropathy linked to the exposure to aristolochic acid (AA) and characterized by extensive fibrosis and urothelial atypia. Although the fibrotic process has been documented in extrarenal tissues, the involvement of the peritoneum, as well as the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis in AAN patients, remain uncertain. METHODS: The structure of the peritoneal membrane and the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), collagen type III, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and aquaporin-1 (AQP1) were investigated in peritoneal biopsies from an index AAN patient, four other AAN patients, four regular peritoneal dialysis patients, and two controls. Similar methods were used to investigate a rabbit model of AAN after intraperitoneal exposure to high-dose AA. AA-DNA adducts were screened by 32P-postlabeling analysis. RESULTS: The AAN patients had renal failure, renal fibrosis, and urothelial atypia. The peritoneum of AAN patients had a normal structure, lacked cellular atypia, and, in comparison with regular peritoneal dialysis patients and controls, did not show abnormal regulation of fibrotic and endothelial markers. Furthermore, specific AA-DNA adducts were not identified in the peritoneum of AAN patients. In contrast, AA-DNA adducts were detected in peritoneal and kidney tissues of all exposed rabbits, and one of them developed a malignant mesothelioma. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate the lack of fibrotic and vascular alterations and the absence of cellular atypia in the peritoneum from AAN patients. Thus, peritoneal dialysis should not be discouraged in these patients. Nevertheless, studies in a rabbit model of high-dose AA exposure may suggest a potential risk of peritoneal malignancy.

Aged↗