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Biomedical subjects

G Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to G Zhang.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Iatrogenic peripheral nerve injuries and its repair].

In order to investigate the causes, diagnosis, treatment, outcome and prevention of iatrogenic nerve injury in the neck, 8 cases with iatrogenic nerve injuries were analyzed. Among them, 5 cases were accessory nerve injury, 3 cases were brachial plexus injury. All of the cases were treated by surgical methods, including neurolysis, repair by direct suture, nerve graft and transposition. After 1-3 years follow up the effect was excellent in 2 cases who were accessory nerve injury, good in 5 cases, and poor in 1 case who was brachial plexus injury. It was concluded that high responsibility of surgeons and careful manipulation during operation were the key to prevention of nerve injuries.

Accessory Nerve↗
PubMed1998

[Study of flow field uniformity downstream of mitral stenosis using Doppler echocardiography].

To research into the relationship between mitral lesion, stenosed degree and flow field uniformity downstream of mitral valve, we adopted the advanced color Doppler echocardiographic technique to conduct a quantitative study of flow field uniformity downstream of mitral valve in sixty patients with varying-degree of mitral stenosis in vivo. Twenty normal persons acted for comparison. The results showed that there was a linear correlation between the extent of valvular lesion, the stenosed degree and flow field uniformity downstream of mitral valve. We conclude that the more severe the mitral lesion is, the more grave the stenosis is and the worse the flow field uniformity is. This suggests that there might be a reciprocity between valvular lesion and flow field uniformity as well as turbulent shear stress, which should be further studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship between PGI2, TXA2 and threatened preterm].

The objectives of this study were to investigate the levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TXB2 and progesterone in plasma and cervical mucus of women with threatened preterm labor (Group I), term labor (Group III) versus their controls (Groups II and IV) respectively and to investigate the relationship between these substances and threatened preterm labor. One case was matched with one control (pregnant woman) by weeks of gestation. Radioimmunoassay was used to determine the levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TXB2 and progesterone. Statistical differences were assessed by student t test. The results showed that the levels of TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha in plasm from women with term labor and threatened preterm labor were higher than those of the control groups (P < 0.001) respectively. The ratios of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 were lower than their controls (P < 0.001) respectively. No differences in the levels of progesterone were noted between the labor groups and their control groups (P > 0.05) respectively. The results observed in cervical mucus were in line with there in plasma. These results suggest that the levels of PGI2, TXA2, and PGI2/TXA2 ratio were associated with the onset of term labor.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1998

[c-erbB2 gene amplification in human primary epithelial ovarian cancer and its clinical significance].

OBJECTIVE: To study c-erbB2 gene amplification in human primary epithelial ovarian cancer and its clinical significance. METHODS: One hundred forty nine samples of primary epithelial ovarian tumors, including 34 beign tumors, 7 borderline tumors and 108 carcinoma, were studied for c-erbB2 gene amplification by Southern blot analysis. RESULTS: c-erbB2 gene amplification was detected in 35 (32.4%) of the 108 cases with primaey epithelial ovarian carcinoma, while all cases with beign tumors and borderline lesions were negative (P < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between c-erbB2 gene amplification and FIGO stage of human ovarian carcinoma (P = 0.026), degree of cell differentiation (P = 0.011) and the size of residual tumor (P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that c-erbB2 gene amplification was an independent prognostic factor. The average 3-year survival rate was 28.4% in patients with gene amplification and 57.7% in patients without gene amplification(P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: c-erbB2 gene amplification occurs almost in 1/3 of the patients with ovarian carcinoma examined. Ovarian carcinoma with c-erbB2 gene amplification is highly malignant and associated with poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Effects of selective induceble nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on immunological hepatic injury in rat].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role and induced regulation of nitric oxide (NO) in rat immunological hepatic injury, and the effect of selective inhibitor on induceble nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). METHODS: The intracellular NOS gene expression in the immune damaged hepatocytes was determined by in situ PCR technique, and NO concentration and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in culture supernatant were measured. RESULTS: Administration of bacille calmette guerin (BCG, 15, 30, 50 mg/rat, i.v.) alone or BCG with the inflammatory cytokines mixture (CM), including IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and lipopolysacchride (LPS) significantly increased NO production and LDH release in culture medium(P < 0.05). NO production was enhanced with hepatic injury degree in direct proportion, and with BCG dose in inverse proportion. Under immunological stimuli condition, hepatocytes NOS mRNA mainly expressed an induceble and soluble isoform (iNOS) in cytoplasm. Aminoguanidine (AG), a selective iNOS inhibitor, inhibited NO production and LDH release (83.4% and 36.0%, P < 0.05), but the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D enhanced LDH level in the medium (25.5%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: NO produced by immunological stimuli participates in rat hepatic injury mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[The relations between electrical synapse and the mechanism of epilepsy in genetical epilepsy-prone rat].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of gap junction protein Cx32 formed electrical synapses in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. METHODS: Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) techniques, intracerebroventricular injection, neuronal discharges in temporal cortex slices, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used. RESULTS: An antisense ODN for Cx32 100 micrograms was intracerebroventricularly injected once daily, for 3 days to P77PMC rat. The audiogenic seizure scores were significantly lowered as compared with the corresponding sense ODN (or PBS) treated control groups. Moreover, in the enterhinal cortex of the temporal cortex slice of antisense ODN treated P77PMC rat, the typical seizure like events and the late recurrent discharges were not induced by lower Mg2+ solution. The frequency and amplitude of neuronal discharges were decreased as compared with the control group. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry studies confirmed that Cx32 mRNA expression and Cx32 synthesis were also inhibited by Cx32 antisense ODN in P77PMC rat brain. CONCLUSION: Our results confirmed that gap junction formed electrical synapse between neurons plays an important role in the development of synchronization of neuronal discharges in vivo and in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

U-74389G suppresses lipid peroxidation and apoptosis following focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To study the antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of U-74389G on ischemic brain in rats. METHODS: Right focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was induced by suturing in 103 male SD rats weighing 280-310 g. To determine LPO in the cortex and striatum, we randomly divided 78 rats into 5 groups: group 1, sham-operative group (6 rats); group 2, control (18); group 3, U-74389G administration before ischemia (18); group 4, U-74389G administration before reperfusion; group 5, CS-4 vehicle as negative control. Groups 2-5 were further divided into 3 subgroups according to the duration of reperfusion. Another 25 rats were similarly grouped (5) to detect apoptosis with TUNEL stain. RESULTS: The concentrations of MDA in groups 3 and 4 were reduced and the activities of SOD and concentrations of GSH were partially restored as compared with the control group. These effects were more significant in group 3 than in group 4. Otherwise, CS-4 can not provide protective effects. The number of apoptotic cells in groups 3 (P < 0.01) and 4 (P < 0.05) was significantly reduced as compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: U-74389G has antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects on ischemic brain in rats. The administration of U-74389G before the onset of ischemia was more useful than that before the onset of reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Effects of nitrogen form on American ginseng leaf blight].

The effects of two nitrogen forms(NO3-N and NH4-N) on American ginseng leaf blight were studied using sand culture method. The results indicated that American ginseng leaf blight caused by Alternaria panax was reduced with NO3-N, while increased with NH4-N.

Alternaria↗
PubMed1998

Experimental study on distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial patterns of group B streptococcus strains.

OBJECTIVE: To obtain information on the distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial agent susceptibilities to group B streptococcus (GBS) strains isolated in Beijing area from 1991 to 1996. METHODS: Bacterial isolates of GBS were obtained from vaginal and cervical tract of pregnant and nonpregnant women in Beijing Tian Tan Hospital by culture. A total of 76 GBS strains were identified finally by coagglutination. Serotyping was determined by Standard Lancefield method. Susceptibility to test agents was assessed by determining the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) with agar dilution method that was established by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). RESULTS: Seven serotypes were identified among 76 GBS strains isolates. Types II (33%), III (23%) and I a (16%) were the predominant serotypes in pregnant and nonpregnant women. MICs of penicillin G and ampicillin were < or = 0.06 microgram/ml. MICs of cephazolin, cefuroxime and cefoperozone were 0.003 microgram/ml-0.06 microgram/ml. MICs of erythromycin were 0.003 microgram/ml-0.03 microgram/ml. MICs of gentamycin were 1 microgram/ml-32 micrograms/ml. MICs of amikacin were 4 micrograms/ml- > or = 64 micrograms/ml, nearly 12.8% and 40.4% of the strains were resistant to gentamycin and amikacin, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides useful epidemiologic data for preparation of GBS type-specific vaccines which can prevent GBS infections and antimicrobial agents susceptibility patterns in China. Routine reports on GBS susceptibilities by clinical laboratories and continuous surveillance for changes in the susceptibility are of considerable clinical importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Clinical study on reservation of part of stomach for patients with cardiac cancer of the gastric stump.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical significance of the resection of the cardia and fundus for patients suffering from cardiac cancer of the gastric stump. METHODS: Twenty-five patients suffering from cardiac cancer with a mean period of 13 years and 3 months after subtotal gastrectomy were included in this study. Their average age was 59.1 years. Among them, 19 patients got exploratory thoracotomy. RESULTS: Of the 19 patients, 1 was inoperable, 1 underwent resection of the gastric stump and esophagojejunostomy because of his huge tumor, 17 underwent resection of the cardia and fundus of the gastric stump and accepted gastroesophagostomy (9 were subjected to tunnel gastroesophagostomy and 8 to end-to-end esophagogastrostomy). The largest tumor was 5 cm x 4 cm in size. Except for a death resulting from intestinal obstruction following operation, the others attained a good recovery. The longest period of survival was 4.5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Resection of the cardia and fundus and gastroesophagostomy can be carried out for patients suffering from cardiac cancer of the gastric stump. The method is in line with the principle of the conservation surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Simultaneous determination of creatinine, pseudouridine and uric acid in serum and urine by high performance liquid chromatography].

In this paper a sensitive, rapid and simple HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of creatinine (Cr), pseudouridine (Pu) and uric acid(UA) has been established. We have evaluated clinical value of the method in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Separation was obtained using Shim-pack CLC-ODS 15 x 0.6 cm column and mobile phase of buffer solution of phosphate (pH 3.0, 0.02 mol/L) with flow rate of 1 mL/min. Detection was performed with UV detector at an automatic adjustment of wavelength. The recoveries of Cr, Pu and UA were 101.4%, 104.9% and 105.0% respectively. The calibration curves were linear within the concentration range of 8.6-274.6 mumol/L for Cr, 0.72-22.93 mumol/L for Pu and 19.1-612.7 mumol/L for UA (n = 6, r > 0.999, p < 0.01). The CV for within day and between day measurements were < 2.5% and < 5.0% respectively. In addition, Pu, Cr and UA were simultaneously determined in serum and urine of 39 patients with diabetic mellitus (DM). 15 patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and 53 normal subjects by the method. Results include: 1. the levels of serum Pu in all DM patients (100%) with microalbuminuria (MiAU) and macroalbuminuria (MaAU) were greater than maximum of normal subjects (X + 2S). In addition, in 9 DM patients (41%) with normal albuminuria (NAU) the levels were also greater than the maximum. 2. In patients with DM, there was no correlation between the serum Pu and the urinary albumin excretion (UAE), whereas the serum Pu correlated closely with the serum Cr. However, the incidence for serum Pu increase was significantly greater in patients. 3. The levels of serum Pu in patients with NS were greater than those in control subjects and patients with DM. Conclusion is that the determination of serum Pu could be used as sensitivity index for the early diagnosis of DN.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1998

[Encephalic morphologic changes due to delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma].

Pathological changes of brain tissues due to delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma (DTICH) in 6 cases were studied and the mechanism was discussed. It was observed that DTICH went with old brain contusion, traumatic angionecrosis, vasculitis, calcification, encapsulated old focus, proliferation and reactive hypertrophy in glia. Brain contusions and traumatic vessel lesions are important pathological foundations of cerebral hemorrhage and primary causes of DTICH.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Study on efficacy of Chinese Kidney-Tonifying Recipe in male rats with osteoporosis induced by dexamethasone and its mechanism].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy of traditional Chinese Kidney-Tonifying Recipe (KTR) in male rats with osteoporosis induced by dexamethasone (DM) and its mechanism. METHODS: Forty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats at 12 months of age were chosen: they were divided into four groups and KTR and DM were administered appropriately for 18 weeks. General bone mineral density, femur bending strength, serum-BGP, serum-PTH and serum-E2 were measured. RESULTS: General bone mineral density, femur bending strength in KTR prevention group were significantly higher than those in DM group (P < 0.01) and the same with those in normal control group (P > 0.05). General bone mineral density, femur bending strength in KTR treatment group were higher than those in DM group (P < 0.05), and lower than those in normal control group. Compared with DM group, level of serum-T in KTR prevention group and KTR treatment group increased (P < 0.05) and level of serum-PTH in those two groups decreased (P < 0.05). But in comparison with DM group, level of serum-E2 and serum-BGP in the above-mentioned two groups was unchanged (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The data indicated that traditional Chinese Kidney-Tonifying Recipe could prevent and treat osteoporosis in male rats induced by DM.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Quality control for huoxiang-zhengqi liquid].

The Rhizoma Atractylodis, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae in Huoxiang-zhengqi Liquid were identified by TLC. The total contents of magnolol and honokiol were determined by HPLC to be no less than 1.9 mg/ml, with an average recovery of 104.4% and 103.3%, RSD 1.23% and 0.91% respectively.

Asteraceae↗
PubMed1998

Comparative effects of losartan and captopril on ventricular remodeling and function after myocardial infarction in the rat.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of losartan and captopril treatment on ventricular remodeling and function after myocardial infarction in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two rats with MI induced by coronary ligation after seven days were divided into four groups randomly and treated with captopril(2 g.liter-1, group A), losartan(10 mg.kg-1.d-1, group B), losartan(30 mg.kg-1.d-1, group C) and placebo (no drug, group D) for six weeks, respectively. Sham-operated rats(group E) served as controls. Echocardiography was performed at 1 and 7 weeks after MI, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the results before treatment, both LV end-diastolic internal diameter and volume decreased significantly and the thickened posterior wall was reversed in group A, B and C; the peak early filling velocity decreased whereas the peak velocity was increased in these three groups. There are no significant difference among the three treated groups. However, LV end-diastolic internal diameter and the E/A were still increased, whereas the thickness of anterior wall and the peak velocity of LV outflow were decreased in group A, B, and C after treatment comparing with group E. CONCLUSION: Both angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor antagonist can prevent the ventricular remodeling and improve the ventricular function.

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1998

[Experimental study of parotid gland injected with gentian violet].

OBJECTIVE: The Gentian Violet was used for treating the chronic parotitis since 1960's, but the dosage and the histologic changes of the tissues were undefined until now. We try to study the histologic changes of the salivary glands, heart, liver and kidneys after large volume of gentian violet was injected into the parotid gland through the duct. METHODS: 5 ml of Gentian Violet was injected to each side of 6 dogs. The macropathologic and histologic examination of the salivary glands, heart, liver and kidneys were performed at 30 min, 60 min, 120 min, 21 days and 9 months separately after the perfusion. RESULTS: Local swelling was obvious in two or three days after infusion and subsided in one week in most of the dogs. Degeneration of the gland took place after 20 days. After 9 months, the parotid gland tissues were replaced by the connective tissues. On the other hand, no histologic change was observed in heart, liver and kidney in the investigation. CONCLUSION: The Gentian Violet can cause degeneration of the parotid gland including the duct and replaced by connective tissues later. There is no obvious changes were noted in other organs.

Animals↗