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Biomedical subjects

G Zanetti

Publications and source records attributed to G Zanetti.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Candida fungemia].

From 1980 to 1986, 52 patients presented with an episode of fungemia due to Candida species at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (representing 2% of the patients with positive blood cultures). In 51 of the 52 patients (98%) the infection was nosocomial, occurring after a median hospital stay of 24 days (range 4-250 days). Only 36 patients (69%) presented with an underlying condition (neoplasms in 18 patients, alcoholism in 7, diabetes in 6, immunosuppressive therapy in 5). In 19 patients (37%) an episode of bacteremia occurred prior to fungemia (median time 14 days, range 1-70 days). Candida albicans was the most commonly isolated species (71%). In 50 patients (96%) the episode of fungemia was associated with a significant, although nonspecific, clinical impairment. The digestive tract (38%) and N intravascular catheter (31%) were the two most common portals of entry for the fungemia. 32 patients (62%) received specific antifungal therapy consisting of amphotericin B in 29 patients (median total dose 450 mg, administered either alone or in association) or of ketoconazole in 3 patients. The global mortality was 46% and the fungemia-related mortality was 21%. Global and fungemia-related mortalities were significantly higher in patients not treated with antifungals than in those treated with them (87% versus 30%, p less than 0.001, and 47% versus 11%, p = 0.01 respectively).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Extracorporeal lithotripsy with low pressure shockwaves using a modified Dornier HM3 lithotriptor: preliminary results].

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is a well established procedure for the treatment of the renal and ureteral calculi. The technical innovations of the low-pressure generator with a modified ellipsoid installed into the Dornier HM3 lithotripter leads to decrease the pressure in the second focus F2 lowering the painful sensation linked to the treatment and allowing to perform lithotripsy without general or epidural anae sthesia. From January to March 1988 132 patients underwent 144 treatment by modified Dornier Lithotripter HM3, we performed the treatments under a combination of anxiolytic and analgesic drugs in 125 patients (94.6%), only 7 patients needed the general or epidural anaesthesia, because of complex endoscopic pretreatment instrumentations. An average of 2150 Shock waves was applied with a range of 500 to 3800, the shock wave energy was administered at an average 20 Kvolts (16-26 Kv). Stone fragmentation had a success rate of 94.6%. The average postoperative stay was 4.5 days. After a month of follow-up 50.9% of the patients was free of stones, 27.8% had sand or spontaneously passable fragments and 11.1% had residual fragments larger than 4 mm. The treatment was judged as free of pain or with tolerable pain in 60% of the patients, 40% of the patients needed additional medication. The number of secondary treatment was, in our review, 9% but it could increase because we observed after a month of follow-up that 11% of the patients treated presents fragments larger than 4 mm.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1989

[Extracorporeal lithotripsy using the HM3 Dornier lithotriptor and the modified HM3 lithotriptor].

Extracorporeal shock waves lithotripsy is a well established procedure for the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi. From January 1985 to December 1987, 1034 patients underwent 1152 treatments with the Dornier HM3 lithotripter; from January 1988 and December 1988, 466 patients underwent 566 treatments with the modified Dornier HM3. Treatments with the original HM3 were performed mainly under general anaesthesia (97%). Only 2.4% of modified Dornier HM3 treatments have been performed under general anaesthesia; the 97.6% were treated under a combination of anxiolytic and analgesic drugs. An average of 1900 and 2300 shock waves was applied with the original HM3 and the modified one, respectively. The rate of secondary treatment increased from 10.3% to 17.4% respectively. At three month follow-up the 85.6% of the patients treated with the original HM3 and the 76.7% of those treated with the modified Dornier were free from stones. Low energy lithotripsy with the modified semi ellipsoid has proved to be equally effective as the older generators working with high shock wave pressure.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1989

[An overview of extracorporeal lithotriptors in current clinical use: technical notes].

ASWL ten years ago opened a new era for kidney stone treatment and recently it's showing a new therapeutical approach to biliary stones. Dornier HM3 is since 1983 the first lithotripter with a wide clinical employment. Actually we know about twenty extracorporeal lithotripter in clinical use. Our review try to classify old and new extracorporeal lithotripsy devices looking at technical aspects and lithotripsy center organization.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1989

[Urinary excretion of N-acetyl-glucosaminidase after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: a marker of renal tubule injury].

The major complications of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) are perirenal hematomas for an incidence of less than 1 per cent. However in animal experiments histopathological effects of focused electrohydraulic shock waves on renal parenchyma have been reported, the most significant of which are hemorrhagic foci healing rapidly by cicatrization. Furthermore imaging studies have demonstrated morphological changes limited to the area of the kidney exposed to shock waves. Liver, skeletal muscle and pancreatic enzyme changes have been documented after ESWL. In our experience the urinary ratio of NAG (N-acetyl-glucosaminidase) to creatinine, a good marker of renal tubular damage, increased after treatment with both the original and the modified spark gap Dornier HM3 lithotripters and with the piezoelectric Wolf Piezolith 2200. Particularly the threshold of pathological urinary NAG excretion were 2,000 and 2,600 shocks respectively using the original and the modified Dornier HM3 and 7,000 shocks using the Wolf Piezolith 2200. The functional significance of the changes is not known, however in clinical practice it would seem prudent to avoid excessive exposure to shock waves.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

Dietary behaviour in psoriatic patients.

Two hundred and nineteen psoriatic in-patients and 747 non-psoriatic subjects were asked to report in a semiquantitative, self-administered questionnaire on the frequency of consumption of different foodstuffs and cooking and seasoning fats and the daily intake of alcohol (glasses/day) and coffee (cups/day). According to this a definite score was assigned to each of the 46 food items, which were divided into five groups: carbohydrates (CH), low-fat foods (LFF), high-fat foods (HFF), saturated fats (SF) and polyunsaturated fats (PUF) and the alcohol consumption in grams/day was calculated. The mean scores for each food group and the means of alcohol (grams/day) and coffee (cups/day) intake were compared in the two groups, after age-adjustment through ANOCOVA. Psoriatic patients showed higher scores for HFF and SF in males and for CH, HFF, SF and PUF in females and a higher intake of alcohol in both sexes. These dietary habits could explain the higher prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in psoriatic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Benign lipoblastoma: first case report of a mesenteric origin.

A case of benign lipoblastoma of the mesentery, surgically resected in a 4-year-old boy, is reported, with data on its gross and histologic features. Both diffuse lipoblastomatosis and single benign lipoblastoma have been observed in different anatomical sites, mostly involving the subcutaneous tissue, and only sporadic cases of mediastinal or retroperitoneal lipoblastomas have been reported. The present case therefore appears to be the first description of a lipoblastoma arising from mesentery. The main tumoral lesions with which lipoblastoma can be confused are briefly discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1988

Renal tubular damage after renal stone treatment.

50 patients were studied with respect to renal tubular damage related to open operative, percutaneous and extracorporeal shock wave treatment of renal stones. Preoperative and postoperative urinary N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) levels were measured as a marker of renal damage. There was no significant evidence of renal tubular damage in patients who underwent a conventional or percutaneous nephrolithotomy; urinary NAG excretion was significantly increased after ischaemic surgery. After extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) serum NAG levels increased, probably because a damage of the white blood cells in cutaneous and renal circulation, but a slight increase of urinary NAG excretion could suggest a mild renal tubular damage especially in case of more than 2,000 shocks.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between body weight and blood pressure and some metabolic parameters in psoriatic patients.

The relationship between body weight and blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid and glucose was investigated in 203 psoriatic patients in comparison with 904 healthy controls. In the psoriatic patients, these parameters were clearly related to their body weight. Those psoriatic patients of normal weight exhibited lower mean values of all the parameters compared with overweight psoriatic patients while they did not differ from control subjects of normal weight. Our results suggest that only overweight psoriatic patients exhibit the metabolic abnormalities frequently reported in the literature, while psoriatic patients of normal weight do not differ from the general population in this respect.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in human respiratory tract cartilages and pulmonary chondromatous hamartomas.

Immunocytochemical investigation was performed on a large series of adult, neonatal, and fetal respiratory tract cartilages to ascertain their immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin. Two polyclonal and six different monoclonal antibodies were used to document the presence of GFAP-immunoreactive chondrocytes in all the fetal and neonatal cartilages as well as in the adult epiglottis, arythenoids, and lobar, segmental, and subsegmental bronchi. The number of chondrocytes showing GFAP immunoreactivity decreased from fetal life to adulthood. Simultaneous immunoreactivity for GFAP and vimentin has also been ascertained in chondrocytes and in perichondrial stellate or elongated cells of the 25 chondromatous hamartomas investigated. These findings document yet another "inappropriate" pattern of intermediate filament immunoreactivity in normal and neoplastic human cells, and contradict the widely held supposition that the expression of GFAP is restricted to cells of glial origin.

Adult↗