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Biomedical subjects

G Z Wright

Publications and source records attributed to G Z Wright.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The healing of hamster skin ulcers treated with n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl blue).

This study was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of a commercially available n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl blue+) as a local treatment for cutaneous ulcers. Two ulcers, approximately 0.5 cm2 each, were made on the backs of 30 hamsters. The right side was covered with a thin film of tissue adhesive, while the left side was left untreated as a control. Animals were sacrificed at various times post-operatively, the tissue excised, processed, and examined with the light microscope. Results showed that cyanoacrylate decreased the inflammatory exudate early in the experiment, and epithelial migration occurred slightly earlier in experimental tissue. Scab formation was absent in experimental sites until the layer of adhesive was lost. After 2 days, healing was comparable in both experimental and control, and the sites were indistinguishable histologically at day 5.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives in histological sections.

Previous histological studies of cyanoacrylate in wound healing have all used Oil-Red-O staining of paraffin sections prepared by routine method. In the course of our studies we began to suspect that artifact was being introduced because of dissolution of cyanoacrylate during processing. Accordingly, biopsis of wounds sealed with cyanoacrylate and pieces of cyanoacrylate of a standard known dimension with no associated tissue were observed after every stage of histological preparation. It was observed that approximately 80% of the cyanoacrylate was lost at the deparaffinization in xylene stage. Accordingly, a number of solvents were tested, and it was found that petroleum ether could be used to remove paraffin completely without the loss of any of the cyanoacrylate from the specimen. This technique has been used to view the location and ultimate fate of cyanoacrylate applied to wounds and examined at different stages in healing process. It is concluded that previous histological studies of cyanoacrylate in wound healing have been inaccurate due to leaching out of most of the tissue adhesive during deparaffinization of the specimen.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effectiveness of infiltration anesthesia in the mandibular primary molar region.

The purposes of the present study were to determine the effectiveness of infiltration anesthesia in the mandibular primary molars, and how patient age, tooth location, and anesthetic type relate to the quality of anesthesia. Data were derived from 66 subjects, 42-72 months old, requiring restorative treatment in mandibular primary molars. Infiltration anesthesia was provided with mepivacaine hydrochloride 2%, prilocaine hydrochloride 4%, and articaine hydrochloride 4%. After 10 min, probing, rubber dam placement, and drilling were initiated. Procedures were videotaped and ratings of comfort and behaviors were made using the SEM scale and the Frankl Behavioral Scale. The conclusions were: 1) sixty-five per cent of the subjects experienced little or no pain; 2) children who demonstrated little or no pain during injection were likely to be comfortable during successive procedures; 3) there was a high relationship between children behaving cooperatively and comfort during procedures; and 4) the quality of anesthesia was not significantly related to tooth location, age, or type of anesthetic agent.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of S. mutans clinical assessment methods.

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the tongue blade/Rodac plate assessment method, the Cariescreen (APO Diagnostics Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada) method, and a modified Cariescreen method for S. mutans assessment. Ninety-one triple tests were done on 23 children 1 to 4 years of age, and the S. mutans counts were compared. When all 91 tests were compared, there was agreement 86.3% of the time between the tongue blade/Rodac plate assessment method and the modified Cariescreen method. When the Cariescreen method was compared to the tongue blade/Rodac (Becton Dickins Labware, New Jersey) plate technique, there was agreement 72.2% of the time. Agreement tended to be at the low and high infection levels. When the Cariescreen and modified Cariescreen methods were compared with the tongue blade/Rodac method, most discrepancies were in the moderate range of S. mutans counts. Averages and standard deviations were 80.1 vs 32.1 for the modified Cariescreen method, and 86.9 vs 90.2 for the tongue blade/Rodac method. The linear product moment correlation coefficient was +.69. Overall, the modified Cariescreen method compared more favorably to the tongue blade/Rodac plate assessment than the Cariescreen method did.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variables influencing Streptococcus mutans testing.

When saliva is sampled to estimate S. mutans, variables may influence the results. The purpose of the present study was to assess the reliability of the tongue depressor for saliva sampling, and whether the sampling time during the day influences S. mutans counts. The study population consisted of 27 children, between 24 and 66 months of age. Samples of unstimulated saliva were gathered on tongue blades four times during the day for each subject. Paired samples representing both sides of the tongue blades were inoculated onto elevated agar plates containing a selective medium, and anaerobically incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 hr. After examining 76 paired samples of saliva, no significant differences in S. mutans counts were found between sides of the spatula, suggesting that the sampling technique was suitable. Analysis of variance showed significant differences within each subject over the four sampling times (P less than .01). A significant difference was found between subjects' daily averages (P less than .05).

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of articaine local anesthesia in children under 4 years of age--a retrospective report.

A retrospective survey reports the use of articaine hydrochloride as an anesthetic in children under 4 years of age. Data was collected by a record audit in two pediatric dentistry offices. Articaine anesthetic was administered to 211 patients, 29 having additional administrations of the agent. In some instances, the dosages exceeded the recommended concentrations for older children. No adverse systemic adverse reactions were noted on the charts or known to the clinicians. The present report provides initial evidence for the use of articaine in children under 4 years of age.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of two systems for measuring water fluoride ion level.

The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of measurements of fluoride ion concentrations as determined by the Orion fluoride meter and electrodes (Orion models SA 720 meter, 94-09, 90-01-00, and SA 720 meter, Orion Research Incorporated, Laboratory Products Group, Boston, MA) and to reference electrodes with a digital meter and the Hach colorimeter (DR100 colorimeter, Hach Company, Loveland, CO). Three groups of drinking water samples were collected simultaneously from each of 53 elementary schools in Oxford County, Ontario, Canada. Samples in Groups 1 and 2 were analyzed for fluoride at the University of Western Ontario using the colorimetric method and the specific ion electrode system respectively. Samples in Group 3 were analyzed at the Ontario Ministry of the Environment laboratories; these results were used as the "gold standard." The overall results of the study suggest that with proper calibration the colorimeter system may be a valid, reliable, and affordable tool for fluoride analysis in the dental office.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The unpredictability of primary molar resorption following ectopic eruption of permanent molars.

Two case reports are given, demonstrating what appears to be two types of resorption associated with ectopic eruption. In both cases a progressive resorptive process occurred on one side and a stationary type on the other. Close follow-up is important; it resulted in a successful outcome for the patient in case 2 here, whereas the first patient required major orthodontic treatment because of the ectopic eruption.

Child↗