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Biomedical subjects

G Ye

Publications and source records attributed to G Ye.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Expression of cathepsins B, L, S, and D by gastric epithelial cells implicates them as antigen presenting cells in local immune responses.

Helicobacter pylori infection is linked to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. During H. pylori infection, class II MHC expression by the gastric epithelium increases, as does the number of local CD4(+) T cells, which appear to be important in the associated pathogenesis. These observations suggested that the epithelium might present antigens to T cells. Thus, we sought to determine whether gastric epithelial cells process antigens to establish their function as local antigen presenting cells (APC). We examined a panel of gastric epithelial cell lines for expression of the antigen processing cathepsins B (CB), L (CL), S (CS), and D (CD). The mRNA for these enzymes were detected by RT-PCR and the enzymes in the gastric epithelial cells were identified by various independent methods. We corroborated the expression of CB and CD on gastric epithelial cells from human biopsy samples. The functions of these proteases were confirmed by assessing their ability to digest ovalbumin, a conventional dietary antigen, and proteins from H. pylori. In summary, multiple lines of evidence suggest gastric epithelial cells process antigens for presentation to CD4(+) T cells. To our knowledge, these are the first studies to document the antigen processing capacity of human gastric epithelial cells.

Antigen Presentation↗
PubMed2001

[Fasting insulin level and hypertensive family history in overweighted children].

In order to analyze the relationship between fasting insulin level and body mess index (BMI), blood pressure and lipids, and to discuss the effect of hypertensive family history, 317 healthy children aged 8-11 years including 74 overweighted and 243 non-overweighted were selected randomly from 4 primary schools in Beijing. Anthropometry, fasting insulin and lipids were measured, and the family history of hypertension (FHH) was recorded. After adjusting of age and sex, the levels of blood fasting insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly higher (P < 0.01) and the ratio of HDL/LDL and apoA/apoB were significantly lower (P < 0.01) in the overweighted than that in non-overweighted children. After controlling BMI, the partial correlation coefficients between fasting insulin and TG, systolic pressure was 0.20 (P < 0.01) and 0.12 (P < 0.01) respectively. Moreover, among the overweighted children, but not among non-overweighted children, those with FHH had a significantly higher fasting insulin than those without FHH (P < 0.01). It is concluded that hypertensive family history may play an important role in contributing to the higher level of serum insulin of overweighted children, and higher serum insulin may concerted with some metabolic disorders in overweighted children.

Body Mass Index↗
PubMed2001

[Effects of surface pattern of polymers on adhesion characteristics of transformed human embryonic tendon cells].

Effects of surface pattern of polymers on adhesion characteristics of transformed human embryonic tendon cells (THETCs) have been examined by using a micropipette aspiration technique, which is a cellular mechanical method. The results showed that the adhesion characteristics of THETCs depend on the surface pattern of polymers, and the adhesion force of THETCs to porous films is higher than that to non-porous films and fibers. The adhesion force bears relationships with the aperture of porous films and has a stronger dependence on the large aperture (150-500 microns) than on the small aperture (< 150 microns) of porous films. The adhesion force of THETCs to fibers is increased slightly with the diameter of fibers (P > 0.05). These demonstrate that the tissue-engineered tendon scaffolds made of porous polymer foam with specially designated aperture, or of polymer fiber with specially designated diameter, may serve as a good attachment substrate for THETCs.

Biopolymers↗
PubMed2001

[Gene polymorphism at apoB locus and the serum lipids profile in children].

The relations of gene polymorphism at the apolipoprotein B locus and serum lipid profile in children was studied in 308 normal 7-11 year-old children, including 151 boys and 157 girls. Blood samples were collected for all subjects, and then the serum and blood clot were separated. Serum lipids, including TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, apoB, apoA I and Lp(a) were detected. Genome DNA was extracted from blood clot, then apoB-Xba I gene polymorphism were tested by PCR-RFLP method. The results showed that the distribution of apoB-Xba I genotype in 308 children accorded with Hardy-Weiberg inheritance equilibrium law. The frequency of heterozygote(+/-) was 13.3%, allele(+) was 0.067. The frequency of allele(+) was closed to the internal and Japanese reports (0.033 and 0.04), but much less than the Caucasians (0.50). This showed a ethnic and population difference in the inheritance variation. The average LDL-C levels of the heterozygotes(+/-) were 2.17 mmol/L, no difference compared with homozygotes(-/-) (2.21 mmol/L, P > 0.05). There was also no difference for the genotype distribution between the hyperlipidemia group and control group, which may be the results of no enough sample size and the sample selection, and so on. On the other hand, in normal children, serum lipids controlled by many genes, the effect of a single gene might be small. More studies and analysis on the relationship between serum lipids and multiple genes in multisites should be the next step.

Apolipoproteins B↗
PubMed2001

[Mutation of beta 3-adrenergic-receptor gene and the response to dietary intervention in obese children].

In order to study the relationship between mutation of beta 3-adrenergic-receptor gene and the response to dietary intervention in obese children, 47 obese children were randomly separated into two groups. One was dietary intervention group(36 subjects); the other was control group(11 subjects). The subjects were investigated by dietary survey and anthropometry before and after dietary intervention carried out for 3 months. The mutation of beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene resulting from the replacement of tryptophan by arginine at position 64(Trp64Arg) in encoding amino acid residues was detected by using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. The results showed that dietary fat was higher (40.7% of energy from fat) in the obese children. After dietary intervention, the increase of weight(kg) and BMI(kg/m2) were significantly lower in the obese children without mutation than in control group(P < 0.05), but the changes of weight and BMI in the obese children with mutations were similar to those of control group. It was concluded that the Trp64Arg mutation of beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene might be one of the reasons why the effect of dietary intervention was poor in some obese children.

Child↗
PubMed2000

Morphologic and electrophysiologic maturation in developing dentate gyrus granule cells.

Dentate gyrus granule cells from immature (7-28 days) Sprague-Dawley rats were examined with whole cell patch clamp recordings and biocytin filling in in vitro hippocampal slice preparations. Although recordings were confined to the middle third of the suprapyramidal limb of the dentate, the granule cells exhibited marked variability in their physiologic properties: input resistance (IR) ranged from 250 MOmega to 3 GOmega, and resting membrane potential (RMP) from -82 to -41 mV. Both IR and RMP were inversely correlated with dendritic length, a morphometric indicator of cell maturity. Thus the highest IR cells were the youngest, and maturation was characterized by a progressive decrease in IR, hyperpolarization of RMP, and elongation of the dendritic arbor. When cells were grouped by IR, significant intergroup differences were found in RMP, dendritic length, and number of dendritic terminal branches. Although cells of all IR categories were examined throughout the age spectrum under study, none of the inter-IR group differences was age-dependent. These data suggest that IR provides a reasonable estimate of granule cell maturity and that maturation entails predictable changes in cell properties and morphology. These aspects of maturation correlate with each other, are independent of animal age, and most likely proceed according to a program related to cell birth.

Aging↗
PubMed2000

High-yield production of a human therapeutic protein in tobacco chloroplasts.

Transgenic plants have become attractive systems for production of human therapeutic proteins because of the reduced risk of mammalian viral contaminants, the ability to do large scale-up at low cost, and the low maintenance requirements. Here we report a feasibility study for production of a human therapeutic protein through transplastomic transformation technology, which has the additional advantage of increased biological containment by apparent elimination of the transmission of transgenes through pollen. We show that chloroplasts can express a secretory protein, human somatotropin, in a soluble, biologically active, disulfide-bonded form. High concentrations of recombinant protein accumulation are observed (>7% total soluble protein), more than 300-fold higher than a similar gene expressed using a nuclear transgenic approach. The plastid-expressed somatotropin is nearly devoid of complex post-translational modifications, effectively increasing the amount of usable recombinant protein. We also describe approaches to obtain a somatotropin with a non-methionine N terminus, similar to the native human protein. The results indicate that chloroplasts are a highly efficient vehicle for the potential production of pharmaceutical proteins in plants.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed2000

Computerization of leprosy records: national leprosy recording and reporting system in China.

This paper describes the national system of leprosy recording and reporting in China and the computerization of records. The system was designed for data collection at local level and data entry by optically scanned or manual mode as well as for sophisticated data analysis. The major functions include data entry, data check, sum-up, maintenance, communication, inquiry, statistics, graph and print. A total of 17 options for epidemiological and clinical data analysis are available. Through the implementation for about 10 years, the system has gained widespread acceptance. This acceptance would facilitate introduction of computer analysis to other leprosy projects and other disease control programs in China. Up to 1998, a database of more than 740,000 records covering all the leprosy patients detected since 1949 had been established by this system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Impact of high temperature on testicular growth and development of valuable silkworm Antheraea yamamai(Lepidoptera: Saturiidae)].

The results indicated that high temperature had a significant impact on the growth and development of testis in Japanese oak silkworm Antheraea yamamai. The testicular size of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae increased within the range from 20 to 29 degrees C, and slightly decreased at 32 degrees C. While in the 5th instar, it decreased within the range from 20 to 26 degrees C, with the biggest size at 20 degrees C. The testis was almost hard to grow and develop because the larvae could not survive at 29 to 32 degrees C. When the mature larvae were treated at 32 degrees C at the beginning of coconing or at the 1st or 6th day of pupating, the growth of testicular size and spermatogenesis were significantly arrested, and the sperm number and the content of soluble protein in the testis markedly decreased. When the male moth of the 1st day was treated at 32 degrees C, the activity of the sperms in the testis obviously decreased, in contrast to the treatment at 20 degrees C. It is concluded that for the egg raising of the silkworm, its mature larvae, puape in cocoons and male moths should not be exposed to 32 degrees C from cocooning to adult stage. The proper temperature for rearing 3rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[The efficacy and safety of domestic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue and low-dose norethindrone "add-back" therapy in the treatment of endometriosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of combining domestic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue(LHRH-a) with low-dose norethindrone in the treatment of endometriosis. METHODS: Seventy-seven women with endometriosis were randomized into one of the following two groups. Group A (n = 36) were treated with LHRH-a (150 micrograms/d, i.m.) plus norethindrone (2.5 mg/d, p.o.) and group B (n = 41) received only LHRH-a (150 micrograms/d, i.m.) for 3 to 6 months. Symptoms and signs were recorded before and after the treatment. Liver and renal functions, lipid and bone metabolism and speed of sound (SOS) in the tibia were also examined at the same time. All data were analyzed using paired and grouped Student's t-tests. RESULTS: Total subjective symptom scores of group A showed 82% decrease at 3 months and 94% at 6 months of treatment (P < 0.01). Reductions in endometriotic foci were 34% and 61% at 3 and 6 months, respectively (P < 0.01). Of group B, there were 77% and 90% decreases in total subjective symptom scores at 3 and 6 months of treatment (P < 0.01). Reductions of 37% and 38% in endometriotic foci were observed at 3 and 6 months, respectively (P < 0.01). Liver and renal functions and fast blood sugar of both groups were all in normal range. Triglyceride (TG), apolipoproteinA (ApoA), serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels of group B increased significantly after treatment. And significant differences between the two groups were observed. There's no change of SOS in the tibia within or between the two groups before and after treatment. The percentages of hemorrhage in the group A and B were 18% and 38%, respectively. The percentages of hot flush and the other vasomotor symptoms were 14% and 41%, respectively (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Domestic LHRH-a combined with low-dose norethindrone was effective in the treatment of endometriosis. It could also improve the symptom of hypoestrogenemia, decrease hemorrhage rete and bone turn-over.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Relationship between blood lipid level and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in offspring from longevity and non-longevity families].

OBJECTIVE: To study relationship between genetic factor and level of blood lipid. METHODS: Levels of blood lipid and difference in apolipoprotein E (apo-E) allele frequencies were compared in 86 offspring in seven Uigur longevity families and 62 offspring in nine Uigur non-longevity families and their relationship was explored. RESULTS: After adjustment for age and occupation, blood indicators related to atherosclerosis were all lower in the offspring of longevity families than in non-longevity families, and those correlated inversely with it were higher in the former. Blood levels of triglyceride and apo-B were significant lower (P < 0.05) and the ratio of HDL-ch to LDL-ch was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in male offspring of longevity families than of non-longevity families. The ratio of apo-A to apo-B was significantly higher in female offspring of longevity families than of non-longevity families. Frequency of epsilon4 allele also was significantly fewer in the offspring of longevity families than of non-longevity ones (P < 0.01). Also, analysis showed that individuals with epsilon4 allele had higher levels of serum total cholesterol, lower density lipoprotein cholesterol and apo-B than those with other alleles. CONCLUSION: Average level of blood lipid was better in the offspring of longevity families than that of non-longevity families. apo-E allele polymorphism can in part explain its difference.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

A comparison of calcitonin gene-related peptide effects on coronary flow and cardiac conduction system in the guinea pig.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on coronary flow and various parts of cardiac conduction system (CCS) in the isolated guinea pig heart by recording the cardiac electrogram and His bundle activity simultaneously. The coronary flow (CF) was measured and the right atrium was paced at incremental frequencies periodically. Perfusing heart with CGRP at the concentrations of 3 30 nmol/L increased CF strikingly and dose-dependently. CGRP (30 nmol/L) caused a moderate and significant increase in the spontaneous heart rate, but failed to influence the atrioventricular nodal and His bundle-Purkinje fiber conduction time and the longest atrial pacing cycle length inducing 3 2 Wenckebach and 2 1 AV nodal conduction. The results indicate that CGRP in the guinea pig heart might act mainly on coronary vessels and then the sinus node, but did not affect the conductivity and refractoriness of the AV conduction system.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Leptin and the feedback regulation of body weight].

Body weight may be controlled by a negative feedback loop. Recent studies have identified that the ob gene product, leptin, apparently and exclusively expressed in adipose tissue, is a part of the negative feedback loop. Leptin is proposed to act as an afferent signal in the negative feedback loop to hypothalamus that limiting food-intake, controlling energy homeostasis and regulating the mass of adipose tissue. The dificiency of or resistance to leptin causes severe obesity.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Regulation of the mucosal immune response.

Infectious diseases continue to exact an extensive toll on populations living closest to the equatorial regions of the globe. A substantial proportion of these infections gain access to the host via the mucosal tissues. Thus, the development of new vaccines that enhance mucosal immunity is considered to be of paramount importance in order to prevent or limit the impact of these infections. Mucosal immune responses must discriminate between commensal flora within the lumen and potential pathogens. These responses are highly adapted to induce protection without excessive amounts of inflammation. The balances that regulate mucosal immune and inflammatory responses have to be understood if effective mucosal immunity is to be induced through local immunization. This review will summarize some of the unique properties of mucosal immune responses and focus on recent advances that have significantly influenced our understanding of the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses following infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A study on the methods for early serological diagnosis of leprosy and their potential use.

This is a serial study. In this series we have established 12 methods for the early serological diagnosis of leprosy, including the FLA-ABS test, ELISAs with artificial products (ND-O-, ND-P-, NT-O-, NT-P-BSA; PGL-I, whole M. leprae and M. smegmatis), monoclonal antibody specific binding assay (McAb/SBA), latex agglutination test (LAT), and MLPA. These methods were compared with each other on a large scale in leprosy patients and in the field. The results indicate that 1) Excellent results were obtained when ELISAs were conducted with skim milk or egg albumin as the blocking agent and by using blood from earlobes instead of from venipuncture. 2) According to the four "S" standard (sensitivity, specificity, simplicity and speed), among the 12 methods the ND-O-BSA-ELISA (ND-ELISA) is the best and the MLPA is more suitable for use in the field because it is simple and rapid. 3) In the ND-ELISA, the increase or decrease of the OD value has a positive correlation with the BI, and the order of positive rates was a) in various types of leprosy: LL > BL > BB > BT > TT; b) in household contacts (HC), random population (RP), normal controls in endemic areas (ENC) and normal controls in nonendemic areas (NNC): HC > RP > ENC > NNC. 4) In a population with subclinical M. leprae infection, the highest risk group was between the ages of 15 and 25 and had an increase or a persistence of high OD values prior to onset of disease. 5) OD values gradually decreased over time following treatment and these declines paralleled declines in the BI. 6) In cases cured with dapsone therapy, there was an increase or a persistence of high OD values in ND-ELISA prior to the onset of a leprosy relapse. In conclusion, we have compared and evaluated 12 immuno-assays and have shown that the ND-ELISA is the most practical one for use in investigating sero-immunological epidemiology, subclinical infection with M. leprae, early detection of disease, monitoring of antimicrobial therapy, and even for the prediction of leprosy relapse.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗