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Biomedical subjects

G Yang

Publications and source records attributed to G Yang.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[An effective measure to prevent and control STDs through epidemiological surveillance on sex-related criminals].

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and trend of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among sex-related criminals and to strengthen the strategy on prevention and control of STDs. METHODS: STDs surveillance on 956 criminals at selected sites in Beijing had been consecutively monitored during the period of 1996-1997. Data was then collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Out of the 956 criminals, 317 (33.2%) cases were identified as having STDs. Among them NGU took the first place and followed by gonerrhea and syphilis. CONCLUSION: The results revealed that STDs had become one of the major infectious diseases in Beijing and its incidence increased annually. Epidemiological surveillance on sex-related criminals is one of the effective measure in reducing the sources of infectious.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Evaluation on the quality of life among cardiac carcinoma cases--fifteen years after surgical treatment].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors affecting the quality of life among long-term survivors after resection of cardiac carcinoma. METHODS: Follow-up study on the quality of life among 68 cases with carcinoma of the cardia who survived over 15 years postoperatively in our hospital, was conducted between January 1996 and June 1998. RESULTS: Results showed that 88.2% of the patients had a high sense of well-being, 86.8% of them were able to eat ordinary food, 64.7% of them could carry on regular work as well as physical labor. 89.7% of the patients were satisfied with their quality of life and 77.9% of them felt excellent. CONCLUSION: The postoperative mental status and the occurrence of long-term complications in digestive tract played an important roles in affecting the quality of life.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Vascular endothelial growth factor in non-small cell lung carcinoma expression and its significance].

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the angiogenesis, invasion, prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: 53 patients with NSCLC after radical resection were evaluated. A significantly higher microvessel density (MVD) was observed in the tumors with high expression of VEGF compared with that of the low expression (P < 0.001). 29 patients (80%, 29/33) with the high expression of VEGF showed lymph node metastasis and 4 patients (27%, 4/15) unlymph node metastasis (P < 0.001). By Cox's proportional hazard model analysis, the expression of VEGF was considered an independent predictor for the prognosis of NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of VEGF has a significant correlation among MVD, growth, invasion, and lymph node metastasis. The patient with the tumor of the higher expression of VEGF and MVD may have poor prognosis. VEGF may be an independent predictor of prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[The combined use of scopolamine, naltrexone and naloxone as a rapid, safe and effective detoxification treatment for heroin addicts].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a rapid detoxification schedule for heroin addicts by scopolamine combined with opiate receptor antagonists. METHODS: The life signs such as temperature, blood pressure, ECG, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation were monitored during the process of rapid detoxification treatment. The naloxone challenge test, withdrawal symptoms scale and naltrexone maintenance were used to evaluate the efficacy of the rapid detoxification. RESULTS: The withdrawal symptoms of 84 heroin addicts induced by naltrexone and naloxone were controlled completely under scopolamine administration in the 6-8 hours treatment period, although the naloxone challenge test was able to induce slight and transient withdrawal symptoms in the second day, and all patients were transferred rapidly to naltrexone maintenance. During treatment, the temperature in 19 cases elevated, and all patients showed increased heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate. However, the blood oxygen saturation was still stable after oral-administration of naltrexone and continuous injection of naloxone during the detoxification. Blood test in gastric fluid was positive in 3 cases during the detoxification. The follow-up data showed that the average maintenance time of naltrexone was 2.6 months, and the percentage of drug free was 21% in 6 months after the detoxification in 84 cases. CONCLUSION: The combined use of scopolamine, naltrexone and naloxone is a rapid, safe and effective detoxification treatment protocol for heroin addicts.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Combined endobronchial and percutaneous radiotherapy after implanting the nitinol alloy endotrachial stent for advanced lung carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: For the purpose to observe the effectiveness of treatment in late stage patients with bronchogenic carcinoma by implanting nitinol alloy endotrachial stent, combined with endobronchial 192 iridium (Ir) and percutaneous radiotherapy. METHODS: The nitiol alloy endotrachial stent was put into the site of airway stenosis through a special introducer under direct optical fibrobronchoscopy without the help of X-ray examination nor guided steel-line. 192 Ir was inserted to the site of tumor via bronchofiberscope for endobronchial irradiation combining with percutaneous radiotherapy alternately. RESULTS: In all 20 patients, 7 cases (35%) were completely cured and 11 cases (55%) showed partial recovery. The other 2 cases, no change or deteriorated. The 90% effective rate was significantly higher than 60% of control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Dyspnea of patients could be immediately relieved after endobronchial stent was inserted. Combined endobronchial and percutaneous radiotherapy obviously alleviated the obstruction caused by trachial or bronchial neoplasms. The results suggested the combined therapy led to much better objective therapeutic effect and symptomatic relief than single percutaneous radiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[A methodological study on the evaluation of insulin resistance in vivo].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the advantage and disadvantage of several methods often used to evaluate insulin resistance and to attempt to modify the disadvantage. METHODS: Three protocols of minimal model technique (MMT), three protocols of basal state approach and four protocols of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were used respectively to calculate insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in 16 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 13 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). ISI of classical MMT was regarded as standard; ISI of other protocols were analyzed, assessed and compared with that of classical MMT. RESULTS: Except the ISI expressed by the ratio of fasting serum glucose to insulin concentration (FSG/FIns) and the ratio between area under curve (AUC) of glucose and insulin (AUCg/AUCi) in OGTT, ISI of other protocols was significantly higher in NGT group than in NIDDM group (P < 0.05, ISI relative values were 1 and 0.44 - 0.70 respectively) and had stronger relationships as compared with ISI of classical MMT (r = 0.45 - 0.92, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The modifications that reduce the samples to 12 or 10 and shorten the time to 120 min for MMT are feasible. Both the homeostasis model assessment and the basal state method designed by LI Guangwei are very simple; they can roughly evaluate insulin sensitivity. OGTT designed by Cederholm is a relatively simple and precise method of measuring IR. Two protocols of OGTT designed by the authors may be accurate methods for evaluating IR. Both FSG/FIns and AUCg/AUCi can not reliably evaluate insulin sensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Management of retrohepatic inferior vena cava injuries in hepatectomy for neoplasm].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the management of injured retrohepatic inferior vena cava during hepatectomy for neoplasm. METHODS: Step-by-step hepatic vascular exclusion, finger pressing, finger pinching, and surface-to-surface sewing up were used in the management of injured retrohepatic inferior vena cava in 16 cases of hepatic resection. RESULTS: In all cases, bleeding was stopped immediately after the procedure without any death and rebleeding. All cases survived after 6 - 18 month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The methods mentioned above are simple, useful, time-saving, safe and effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Reinfusion of autologous shed blood after joint replacement].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of reinfusion of autologous shed blood after joint replacement. METHODS: From February 1996 to March 1998, we selected 36 patients for 56 joint replacements. Apart from preoperative donation of autologous blood, all patients received transfusion of unwashed autologous drained blood from hips and knees after arthroplasty. The CBCIIConstaVac blood conservation system was used to salvage shed blood. Among the patients, 8 hips and 48 knees were involved. 12 patients had rheumatoid arthritis, 16 osteoarthritis, 5 ankylosing spondylitis, and 3 other arthritis. RESULTS: 36 patients received 24 260 ml (50%) autologous shed blood, 9 700 ml (20%) reserved autologous blood, and 14 600 ml (30%) allogenic blood. 15 patients experienced transient febrile reaction at the time of reinfusion, no other clinic abnormalities were discovered after reinfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Reinfusion of autologous shed blood is a safe and effective to decrease the use of allogenic blood and avoid the complications of its transfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Expression and significance of MXR7 mRNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the expression and significance of MXR7 mRNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: The (32)P labeled and purified PCR product of MXR7 cDNA was taken as probe. MXR7 mRNA expression was detected by Northern blot analysis in 30 samples of preoperatively untreated HCC and corresponding surrounding non-cancerous hepatic tissue, and 12 normal liver tissues confirmed pathologically. RESULTS: The frequency of MXR7 mRNA expression in HCC, the corresponding surrounding noncancerous hepatic, and normal liver tissues was 76.6%, 13.3% and 0, respectively. The frequency of MXR7 mRNA expression in HCC without serum AFP elevation and in HCC < 5 cm was 9/10 and 5/6 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MXR7 mRNA over-expression in human HCC is common and MXR7 mRNA may be expressed at early stage of HCC and can serve as tumor biomarker for HCC. The detection of MXR7 mRNA expression in liver puncture tissues may find small HCC without serum AFP elevation in the subclinical stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[IL-12 gene treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: experimental study].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effects of retrovirus vector containing IL-12 gene on hepatoma growth in vivo and to explore a new approach of gene therapy to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Retrovirus vector containing IL-12 gene was constructed and transfected into packaged cell PA317. Positive PA317 was injected into the rat which suffered from experimental HCC and its anti-tumor effects and immunity changes were recorded. RESULTS: The packaged cell PA317 containing IL-12 gene could inhibit the proliferation of hepatocellular cell line CBRH3. The rats injected at day 1 or 3 can survive permanently, while those injected at day 5 or 7 can survive longer than those not injected. However, tumor generated in rats injected with blank control or package cells containing retroviral vector without IL-12 gene (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Package cells transfected with retroviral vector containing IL-12 either injected to the hepatoma tissue locally or given splenic exercises anti-hepatoma effects efficiently. The direct intrasplenic injection route is new, safe and effective.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Phacoemulsification through a small pupil].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the surgical techniques and attention points in phacoemulsification through a small pupil. METHOD: Eighty three cataracts of 77 patients were emulsified by using non-cut pupil dilation, cystotome or diathermic high-frequency capsulorrhexis. RESULTS: The 66 cataracts of 83 eyes were emulsified by means of the above method. After the surgery, all the pupils were recovered to normal size (2 to 3 mm), and none of them were damaged. In 17 eyes, the procedure was performed after separation of synechia and excision of the organized membranes; after the surgery, a round pupil was obtained in 15 cases and an irregular pupil in 2 cases. The visual acuity at postoperative 1 month was >or= 0.5 in 46 eyes (55.4%) and corrected >or= 0.5 in 71 eyes (85.5%). CONCLUSION: After phacoemulsification through a small pupil by non-cut pupil dilation method, the pupil can be recovered to normal and no unfavorable reaction is seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA expression by the iris and lens epithelial cells of rabbit eye with intraocular lens implantation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the change of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) synthesized by the iris and the lens epithelial cells (LECs) after extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and the role of PAI-1 in the occurrence of fibrin reaction and the formation of posterior capsular opacification. METHODS: Eight adult rabbits were studied. In each rabbit, one eye underwent ECCE with IOL implantation and the other eye was normal without any surgical intervention. The iris tissue and the lens capsule of each two normal eyes and each two surgical eyes were excised on the postoperative 1, 7, 15 and 30 days respectively. The amount of PAI-1 mRNA expression in the specimens was detected by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The amount of PAI-1 mRNA expresson in the iris tissue and the LECs of the surgical eyes displayed a significant increase on the first day after operation. The high expression of PAI-1 mRNA by the iris might last 15 days (P < 0.001), but it declined to the normal range on the postoperative 30 days (P = 0.87). The high level of PAI-1 mRNA expresson by the LECs in the surgical eyes had significant difference when compared with that of the normal eyes at 1, 7, 15 and 30 days postoperatively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It is indicated that PAI-1 enzyme is a major cause for fibrin reaction after ECCE with IOL implantation, and may play critical roles in the development of posterior capsular opacification.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[The significance of p16, cyclin D1 and pRb expression in soft tissue leiomyosarcoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of p16, cyclin D1 and pRb expression in human soft tissue leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and the relationship among these three proteins. METHODS: 42 cases of LMS were studied for p16, cyclin D1 and pRb expression with immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: The total abnormality percentage of p16, cyclin D1 and pRb expression in all 42 cases of LMS was 97.6%. The negative rate of p16 and pRb protein expression was 35.7% and 47.6% respectively, and the overexpression rate of cyclin D1 was 57.1%. Overexpression of cyclin D1 was also noticed in 55% leiomyomas. In the 20 cases of LMS which were pRb negative, 19 cases were moderately or strongly positive and one faintly positive for p16. Contrastly, in the 15 cases of LMS negative to p16, 12 cases were moderately or strongly positive and 3 cases faintly positive for pRb. Higher rates of loss of pRb protein were observed in the low-differentiated group than in the high-differentiated one. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The abnormality of p16-cyclin-pRb pathway is highly related to the pathogenesis of LMS. (2) Loss of p16 or pRb and/or overexpression of cyclin D1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of LMS. (3) There is a negative reciprocity between p16 and pRb protein expression in LMS. (4) Overexpression of cyclin D1 is a common molecular alteration that may occur in the early stage. (5) Expression of pRb is inversely related to the differentiation degree of LMS. (6) The expression of the 3 proteins studied has no relation to tumor location, recurrence, invasion or metastasis.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1999

[The standardized techniques for preparing samples used in pathologic diagnostic transmission electron microscopy].

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used widespreadly in the field of diagnostic pathology. Based on the practical domestic condition and aimed at fully satisfying the needs of the pathologic diagnostic TEM, a set of standardized techniques were established for preparing different kinds of samples. The techniques included the preparation and storage of fixatives and embedding media, the requirement of sampling, the 5 h and 24 h embedding procedures for fresh specimens, the embedding procedure for suspension specimens and specimens collected from fine needle aspiration biopsy, as well as the procedures for preparing samples taken from paraffin embedded blocks or paraffin sections. In practical use, we found that the advantage of these techniques was that the ultrastructures of the tissues and cells were well preserved and they perfectly met the needs for diagnosis of tumors, kidney diseases, et al. The main points of the standardized techniques have been discussed in detail in this paper.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

[The enantiomeric separation of aromatic alcohol amino drugs by thin-layer chromatography].

Two chiral aromatic alcohol amino drugs, Labarol and Bataroc, were resolved by thinlayer chromatography (TLC) on the silica gel GF254 plates (2.5 cm x 10 cm), by using the ammonium-D-10-camphorsulfonate (CSA) as chiral ion-pair interaction agent which was added to the mobile phase in the ammonium form. All developments were carried out at lower temperature (2-4 degrees C, in a refrigerator) in small glass jars of 250 mL volume. These two drugs were not resolved at room temperature (15-30 degrees C). Analytical reagent grade methanol and dichloromethane can be directly used as mobile phase without further drying. The chiral separation occured over a range from 40% to 70% (optimum 67%) dichloromethane in the mobile phase volume ratio and 55% to 80% (optimum 60%) dichloromethane in the mobile phase volume ratio. These separation conditions were easily obtained. This method is relatively inexpensive and attractive.

Amino Alcohols↗