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Biomedical subjects

G Wyshak

Publications and source records attributed to G Wyshak.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Primary lymphoma of bone: relationship of radiographic appearance and prognosis.

A retrospective review was made of the pretreatment radiographs of 20 patients with well-documented primary lymphoma of bone. Nine radiographic signs were defined, and the presence or absence of each was recorded for each patient. When the radiographic findings were compared with disease-free survival for each patient, it was found that patients who had a relapse had a higher mean number of positive radiographic signs than those who remained disease free (p less than 0.02). Also, those who relapsed early had more positive signs than those who relapsed late (p less than 0.05). Certain signs, i.e., pathologic fracture, layered periosteal new bone, broken periosteal new bone, cortical breakthrough, soft-tissue mass, and soft-tissue swelling, were more helpful than others for making a prognosis. These signs appear to be related to radiologic evidence of imminent or actual soft-tissue extension of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Hip fracture in elderly women and reproductive history.

Data routinely collected by nursing homes were used to examine the relationship between hip fracture and reproductive history as reflected by total number of living children. Recently interest has centered on exogenous estrogens and their effect on fractures in post-menopausal women; little attention has been given to endogenous factors. Among ever married women 65 years of age and older, a statistically significant inverse relationship between number of living children and the diagnosis of hip fracture was found. Among those of high parity (4 or more living children) the risk of hip fracture is 8% compared with 16% among those with 0 to 3 living children. The relative odds are 2.08 with 95% confidence interval (1.12, 3.84). These preliminary results using nursing home data have encouraged us to pursue the investigation of reproductive characteristics and their relation to fractures in post-menopausal women, using more refined measures than total number of living children, as well as taking into account possibly confounding factors such as race, weight, diet, smoking, activity level and use of exogenous estrogens.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Morbidity from shoulder arthrography: etiology, incidence, and prevention.

A prospective study was performed to assess patient discomfort after shoulder arthrography. Three different techniques were compared using equal intraarticular volumes of: positive contrast medium alone, positive contrast medium diluted with local anesthetic, or positive contrast medium and air. Moderate or severe exacerbation of baseline shoulder discomfort, when evaluated 24-48 hr after arthrography, occurred in 74% of all patients. There was significantly less discomfort after double-contrast examinations than after other techniques, although the level of morbidity was still high. This incidence and severity of discomfort after shoulder arthrography is higher than previously reported or generally recognized. Morbidity after shoulder arthrography is probably caused by a direct irritant effect of the positive contrast medium and/or the additional influx of fluid, into an already distended joint, in response to the hyperosmolar positive contrast medium. The latter effect is consistent with the delayed onset of symptoms which usually began 4-6 hr after the procedure, peaked in intensity 12 hr later and, when severe, often lasted for several days. Smaller volumes of intraarticular contrast medium and/or the use of nonionic and polymeric contrast agents, untested in this protocol, might reduce these symptoms.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1981

Pain in knee arthrography: comparison of air vs. CO2 and reaspiration vs. no reaspiration.

A prospective study of 255 patients undergoing double-contrast arthrography of the knee was performed to evaluate postexamination knee pain after two procedural modifications: (1) intraarticular carbon dioxide versus room air and (2) postprocedural joint reaspiration versus no reaspiration. A moderate or severe increase in pain during the 24 hr after the examination was experienced by 20% of patients. Carbon dioxide resulted in slightly greater patient pain immediately after the procedure than did room air. However, there was no difference in morbidity in these two groups at 24 hr. Aspiration of the knee joint had no immediate or delayed effect on patient pain. Older patients, women, and patients with abnormal arthrograms, reported more baseline discomfort but, allowing for this, they tolerated the procedure as well as younger patients, men, and patients with normal arthrograms. It is recommended that double contrast arthrography of the knee be performed using intraarticular air without reaspiration of the joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Twinning rates among women at the end of their reproductive span and their relation to age at menopause;.

A review of studies on twinning has shown that dizygotic (DZ) twinning rates among women from general populations characteristically peak at ages 35-39, then decline sharply. Analysis of genealogical data from the Archives of the Mormon Church indicates that women who are dizygous twins themselves or the sibs of dizygous twins have a higher twinning rate among their offspring than do women from the general population. The dizygotic twinning rates of women who are twins or the sibs of twins classified by maternal age also peak at ages 35-39 but remain high at ages 40-44, then decline. It is well known that Negro women have high DZ twinning rates; a less well knwon finding is that the DZ twinning rates of Negro women also remain high after age 39. It has been suggested that high DZ twinning rates at later maternal ages may be related to a delayed age at menopause; However, published reports on age at natural menopause and analysis of our data from contemporary white US women indicate the contrary; Women who have borne unlike-sexed (DZ) twins and Negro women have a lower age at natural menopause then do white women from general populations, and a lower age in comparison with women who have borne like-sexed twins.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Estimating the number of organisms in quantal assays.

It has been demonstrated by virologists that, when procedural difficulties can be overcome and host variation can be eliminated, dosage-response data from virus assays conform with the one-particle theory of infection for both plaque counts and tissue cultures. Based on this theory, the number of virus particles from quantal virus assays can be estimated. Here a set of tables is presented from which the number of estimated particles can be obtained directly for several dilution factors and a number of dilution levels. Maximum likelihood estimation of particle counts is also illustrated using a computer program that we have prepared.

Analysis of Variance↗