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Biomedical subjects

G Wu

Publications and source records attributed to G Wu.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Exploiting pattern and sustainable development of marginal lands in the Three Gorge Reservoir Areas.

This paper studied the distribution and utilization status, reasonable exploitation patterns and potential productivity, and sustainable development of marginal lands in the Three Gorge Reservoir Areas. It has been pointed that problems of the soil fertility degradation, poor productivity in crop lands, natural disasters and environmental deterioration existed in all the exploited marginal lands. In order to maintain the sustainability of the marginal lands, following measure have been proposed: prohibiting cultivation in the crop lands with a slope more than 25 degrees, restoring vegetation in the slope more than 25 degrees, strengthening the basic agricultural construction, establishing the production base of woody feeds and oils, establishing a multi-dimensional management model with reasonable structure and optimum function for forestry, agriculture and fishing.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2001

[The trend of incidence rate of acute stroke event in urban areas, Beijing from 1984 to 1999].

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the trend of incidence rate of acute stroke event in the population aged 25-74 in urban areas of Beijing from 1984 to 1999. METHODS: All stroke events in defined population were ascertained and validated according to unified protocol and criteria. A total number of 6,553 stroke events were analyzed, crude rates and aged-standardized rates for all stroke events and first-ever stroke events were calculated for whole calendar years for the population. Temporal annual rates of stroke were estimated for 16 years. RESULTS: Annual stroke attack rates increased both in men and women with an average annual percentage changes 4.5% and 4.2%, respectively. Annual first-ever stroke incidence rate increased both in men and women with average annual percentage changes 4.1% and 4.2%, respectively. Most remarkable increase was noticed in the 65-69 and 70-74 age groups. CONCLUSION: Rates of stroke attack incidence and first-ever incidence were increasing in the population of urban in Beijing, indicating the prevention of stroke be strengthened in the area.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Electrochemical therapy and implanted ports treatment for unresectable carcinoma of body and tail of pancreas].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the efficacy and safety of electrochemical therapy (ECT) in treatment of patients with unresectable carcinoma of the body and tail of pancreas. METHODS: A total of 18 patients (14 men and 4 women; mean age 57.7) with unresectable carcinoma of the body and tail of pancreas were treated by ECT between May 1989 and June 1996 in our hospital (group A). Another 16 patients (12 men and 4 women; mean age 60.3) were treated by ECT plus intraperitoneal chemotherapy between July 1996 and June 1999 (group B). In group B, ECT was used during the operation. Meanwhile, 300 mg calcium leucovorin (CF), 500 mg 5-FU and 200 mg carboplatin were injected weekly into the abdominal cavity through the implanted ports. Pain was determined by using a 10-point visual analog pain scale (VAS) before and after the treatment, life quality periodically assessed according to the 5-step scale system, and tumor size measured using CT or MRI. RESULTS: All the patients were followed up for 5-30 months (mean = 10 months), showing that there were no operative deaths and such complications such as pancreatic fistula and bleeding in both groups. The tumor size in both groups was decreased to some degree. Ascites in 4 of 6 cases in group B were well controlled, whereas there was no changes in 6 cases of ascites in group A. In group A, the VAS basal score was reduced from 7.4 +/- 1.7 before to 2.66 +/- 1.05 after the treatment and the peak VAS from 9.3 +/- 0.9 to 3.71 +/- 0.96 (P < 0.05). In group B, they were decreased from 7.5 +/- 1.5 to 2.17 +/- 1.23 and 9.2 +/- 0.9 to 3.4 +/- 1.13, respectively (P < 0.01). Significant reduction of VAS score persisted for over 3 months after ECT. The satisfaction rate in group B was 37.5%, 62.5% and 25% in 7 days, 1 month and 3 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: ECT is a safe and effective procedure for treatment of unresectable carcinoma of the body and tail of pancreas and in relieving its pain and improving the life quality of patients. Supplementary injection of chemical drugs through drug delivery pump is helpful for control of ascites.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[A randomized, controlled clinical trial of meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of acute bacterial infections].

OBJECTIVE: Meropenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic developed by Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals and shown to resist degradation by renal dehydropeptidase I (DPH-I), an enzyme which exists chiefly in the kidneys and decomposes carbapenem antibiotics. It has a powerful antibacterial activity with broad antibacterial spectrum. The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of meropenem. METHODS: A randomized, open-label, controlled study was conducted for treating patients with bacterial infections. A total of 112 hospitalized patients were enrolled in the study. 55 patients received meropenem 500 mg every 12 hours (or 1g every 12 hours if necessary) and 57 patients received imipenem/cilastatin 500 mg/500 mg every 12 hours (or 1g/1g every 12 hours if necessary) intravenously. The duration of treatment was 7-14 days in both groups. RESULTS: 42 of the 55 cases receiving meropenem and 41 of the 57 cases receiving imipenem/cilastatin were assessable for clinical efficacy. The overall efficacy rate was 88.1%(37/42) for the meropenem group and 85.4%(35/41) for the imipenem/cilastatin group, whereas the bacterial eradication rate was 81.1%(30/37) and 84.2%(32/38), respectively. 47(69.1%) of 68 strains isolated from patients produced beta-lactamase. Adverse drug reaction was evaluated in 44 cases of the meropenem group and 41 cases of the imipenem/cilastatin group. The adverse drug reaction rate was 13.6%(6/44) and 12.2%(5/41), respectively. The results showed that there were no statistical differences between these two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin were effective and safe for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections and urinary tract infections and other infections caused by beta-lactamase-producing strains.

Cilastatin↗
PubMed2001

Post-PRK muscular asthenopia and eccentric ablation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between muscular asthenopia post photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and eccentric ablation. METHODS: 16 eyes of 8 myopia cases whose muscular asthenopia was corrected by subjectively accepted triangular prism after PRK with vision more than 0.8 were followed up for 6-14 months. On the basis of data provided by the pre-PRK, post-PRK and their difference corneal topography, we calculated the real corrected corneal diopter (D) with the Holladay formula and measured the ablating eccentricity (h) and its direction. According to the formula delta approximately Dh, the prism effective value (delta) caused by the eccentric ablation was computed and compared with objectively accepted triangular prism. RESULTS: The subjectively accepted prism was similar to values calculated from the formula. Their mean difference is 0.10 +/- 0.25. The direction of the subjectively accepted prism was in the direction of ablation deviation. CONCLUSIONS: Eccentric ablation was the chief cause of post-PRK muscular visual asthenopia. The triangular prism effective value from eccentric ablation may be estimated by the formula delta approximately Dh. We must pay attention to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-PRK muscular asthenopia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Observation of wounding characteristics in dogs wounded by super velocity projectile.

OBJECTIVE: To understand wounding characteristics in dogs wounded by super velocity projectile with a purpose of providing a basis for prevention and treatment of such wounds. METHODS: A specially-made explosive gun was used to shoot aluminium bullet weighing 3.0 g and 1.4 g to injure both legs of dogs at velocities of 2330 m/s, 3200 m/s and 4250 m/s, respectively, and the soap specially made was also shot. At the same time, steel ball of 1.03 g was shot with a Type 53 smooth chamber gun at a speed of 1280 m/s. Within 30 min after wounding, debridement and pathological anatomy were performed and specimens were taken for light microscope observation. RESULTS: When the dogs were wounded by the 3 g bullet at speed of 2330 m/s, the entrance of the left leg was penetrated explosively with a defect area of 225 cm(2), and the femur trunk was also injured and the residual femur had comminution fracture. The exit of the right leg was blindly wounded with a defect area of 63 cm(2), but only the skin was not penetrated. Both testes and part pelvis were injured too. Under light microscope, degenerative myofibers and bleeding of the spatium between the myofibers could be found at the place 4 cm away from the wounding track. Furthermore, serious bleeding of the bladder and blood vessels of the brain could be observed. The lungs showed changes of blast injury. Vacuolar change was presented in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Injuries of the animals in other two experimental groups were similar to those described above, but the defect area of the wounded track was 124 cm(2) in the group of 4250 m/s. Injuries caused by the steel ball were milder than caused by the explosive gun. The volume of the residual cavity in the soap was 5000 ml. CONCLUSIONS: The super-velocity projectile causes destructive damage to the local tissues and multi-organ injuries. Therefore, the practical medical care needs not only amputation but also management of multi-organ injuries.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Impairment of non-specific immunity in patients under persistent vegetative state resulting from trauma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immune response in patients under persistent vegetative state (PVS) resulting from trauma. METHODS: Peripheral blood monocytes were obtained from 12 PVS patients (Group PVS)and individuals in normal control group by density gradient centrifugation; the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit was then used to measure monocyte HLA-DR antigen expression on the surface of peripheral blood monocytes before and after monocyte activation with either IFN-gamma or LPS. RESULTS: Compared with normal control group, the peripheral blood monocyte HLA-DR antigen expression in the Group PVC fell significantly in PV S patients (P<0.001); the level of HLA-DR antigen express ion on the monocyte surface rose notably after stimulation with either IFN-gamma or LPS (P<0.01). As for PVS patients, it was still difficult to restore to normal (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The level of HLA-DR antigen expression on the sur face of peripheral blood monocytes in PVS patients decreases obviously. Therefore, the function of non-specific immunity in PVS patients is suppressed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Study of triglyceride distribution aged 35 - 64, and their association with other cardiovascular disease risk factors in 11 provinces].

OBJECTIVE: Study of triglyceride distribution and their association with other major cardiovascular disease risk factors in 11 provinces. METHODS: Twenty-seven thousand and sixteen persons in 11 provinces, aged 35 - 64, were screened for cardiovascular disease risk factors. RESULTS: (1) Results of plasma triglyceride level distribution showed that there was significant difference among 11 province, the highest/lowest ratio was 2.3. (2) Plasma triglyceride level was higher in men than in women (P < 0.001). (3) The prevelance of hypertriglyceridemia was the most frequent type of the dislipidemia. (4) Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose and physical activity, significantly and independently correlated with hypertriglyceridemia prevelance. (5) There existed aggregation of risk factors in hypertriglyceridemia. Seventy-one point zero percent of hypertriglyceridemia had at least one other risk factors in men and 74.4% in women, while it was 53.8% men and 52.2% women of those with non hypertriglyceridemia (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our date indicated that fasting triglycerides were associated with more arteriosclerosis factors and could serve as a marker for several cardiovascular disease risk factors. More patients with hypertriglyceridemia combined with other situation of metabolic syndromes thus might have higher risks.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Replacement of glucose with N-acetylglucosamine in peritoneal dialysis fluid-experimental study in rats.

BACKGROUND: Glucose is still used as an osmotic solute in peritoneal dialysis fluids, despite evidence of its local (peritoneal) and systemic toxicities. However a constant search is underway for a new, more biocompatible osmotic solute for peritoneal dialysis fluids. OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) in a concentration of 220 mmol/L as an alternative to glucose for the osmotic solute in peritoneal dialysis fluid, during chronic peritoneal dialysis in rats. METHODS: For 8 weeks, male Wistar rats were infused with glucose-based or NAG-based dialysis fluid. Intraperitoneal inflammation and peritoneal permeability and morphology were evaluated in all rats during the study. RESULTS: Repeated intraperitoneal infusion of the NAG-based dialysis fluid resulted in a weaker intra-abdominal inflammatory reaction as compared with the reaction in rats infused with glucose-based dialysis solution. At the end of the study, the concentration of hyaluronan in the peritoneal interstitium obtained from NAG-treated rats was higher than that found in the interstitium taken from animals exposed to dialysis fluid containing glucose. Also, peritoneal permeability to total protein was lower in NAG-treated rats. CONCLUSION: As an alternative to glucose, NAG used for the osmotic solute in peritoneal dialysis solution decreases the intraperitoneal inflammatory reaction induced by the process of peritoneal dialysis and, indirectly (owing to the increased hyaluronan content in the peritoneal interstitium), diminishes peritoneal permeability to protein.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed2001

[The influence of two different casting temperatures on properties of the incorporated keeper].

OBJECTIVE: To probe the clinical possibility of making incorporated keeper cap by high temperature casting. METHODS: The incorporated keepers were equally divided into two groups, and cast by applying medium and high temperatures respectively. The two groups were compared with the following items: the morphological changes and thickness of keeper's oxide film, the combining quality between keeper and alloy, and the magnetic retention force. RESULTS: The two different casting temperatures had the similar influence on the keeper's properties, such as the keeper's metallographical view, magnetic force (medium temperature casting group: 433.6 g; high temperature casting group: 433.8 g), and combining quality with alloy, except for the morphology and thickness of the keeper's oxide film. The oxide films of the high temperature casting group (surface: 7.59 microns combining surface of keeper and alloy: 6.17 microns) were thicker than those of the medium temperature casting group (surface: 4.65 microns; combining surface of keeper and alloy: 3.95 microns). CONCLUSIONS: The incorporated keeper could be made by using high temperature casting method instead of medium temperature one in clinic.

Dental Casting Technique↗
PubMed2001

[A study on DPPH free-radical scavengers from Xylaria nigripes].

The DPPH free-radical scavengers from the fungal Chinese medicine 'Wulingshen' (Xylaria nigripes) were studied. After separation using silica gel colunm chromatography, MPLC and HPLC, 20 DPPH free-radical scavengers with purity higher than 85% and yield more than 2 mg were screened, in which compound B4-16 had relatively higher yield and stronger free radical scavenging activity. The formula of compound B4-16 was determined to be C10H10O4 (MW: 194) based on its FAB-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 1H-13C HMBC, IR spectra, and its structure was elucidated. It was identical with 5,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin. At the concentration of 20 mumol/L, its DPPH free\|radical scavenging activity was as 1.67 times as that of vitamin C or 2.10 times as that of Vitamin E.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed2001

[Construction of rice dwarf virus genome database].

Secondary database construction is an important subject in the field of bioinformatics. As the full genomic sequences of some organisms are being completed and followed by structural and functional studies, construction of secondary database becomes essential on the agenda. The rice dwarf virus (RDV) is a pathogen infecting rice in China, Japan and the Southeastern Asia region and leading to considerable economic loss. Based on the data generated from recent genomic research and earlier biochemical studies scattered in various primary databases and scientific journals, we have constructed a compact, user-friendly and non-redundant job-oriented secondary database. This work will provide compiled useful information for plant molecular biologists as well as in achieving preliminary experiences in secondary database construction.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed2001

[Subtotal laryngectomy reconstructed by platysma myocutaneous flaps].

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility, surgical techniques and the results of laryngeal function preservation during subtotal laryngectomy in laryngeal carcinoma. METHODS: A retrospective review was made of 13 patients treated by subtotal laryngectomy and laryngeal reconstruction from 1991 to 1996. Eleven patients were male and 2 were female. The age ranged from 46 to 72 years, with a mean of 53.25. All cases were of stage IV. The essence of this operation is to reconstruct the new larynx with two platysma myocutaneous flaps following subtotal laryngectomy. RESULTS: The success rate of voice rehabilitation was 100%. Among them, the acceptability rating scores in 11 cases were 7 and the intelligibility scores ranged from 95% to 98%. The other two cases had acceptability 5 and intelligibility form 90% to 94%. The three-year survival rate was 84.6% (11/13), 5-year survival rate was 76.9% (10/13). CONCLUSION: This form of laryngeal reconstruction in subtotal laryngectomy is helpful to restore laryngeal function and decrease the rate of total laryngectomy. The procedure is easy, safe and applicable to patients treated by subtotal laryngectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and nm23 as prognostic factors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nm23 expression for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). METHODS: From Jan. 1991 to Dec. 1995, 75 NPC patients treated in Department of Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, with follow-up of more than 4 yrs, were selected to enter this study. Specimens of 75 NPC were studied by immunohistochemical staining for VEGF and nm23. The immunohistochemical data were correlated with development of locoregional failure, distant metastasis and survival. RESULTS: Positive expression of VEGF and negative expression of nm23 were found in 54.7% and 56% of NPC specimens. Positive expression of VEGF and negative expression of nm23 correlated with the development of distant metastasis (P = 0.0181; P = 0.0091) and shorter survival (P = 0.0136; P = 0.0207). No association was observed with locoregional failure. No association was observed between the expression of VEGF and the expression of nm23.Cox proportional hazard model was used to compare the various factors and found the VEGF and nm23 expression were significant prognostic factors for patients with NPC. CONCLUSION: The results of the study show that the VEGF and nm23 expression are significant prognostic factors for patients with NPC and indicate that expression of VEGF and nm23 may be useful in identifying patients who may benefit from systemic chemotherapy or other novel treatment strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Surgery of substernal goiter].

OBJECTIVE: To study the surgical approaches and operative techniques for substernal goiter. METHOD: A retrospective study of 27 cases with substernal thyroid nodules was made in our hospital. RESULT: The operations on 27 patients with substernal nodules have been successfully carried out. Among them, 10 were goiters, 9 adenomas, 4 malignancy and 4 were thyroid cancer metastasizing to paratracheal or substernal nodes. Resection via cervical collar incision was adequate in 23 cases. Three thyroid cancers with paratracheal node metastasis were completely resected by sternotomy and only one thyroid cancer with paratracheal and substernal nodes metastasis was resected by combined thoracotomy and cervical collar incision. CONCLUSION: Resection via cervical collar incision for all retrosternal thyroid nodules were advised. The preliminary experience with this procedure suggests that it has some advantages in the management of substernal goiter, including: 1. ease of operation compared to both sternotomy and thoracotomy; 2. relatively low morbidity; 3. safe and reliable.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The tree shrew apolipoprotein C-I cDNA: sequence and its expression.

A rabbit anti-serum to tree shrew apolipoprotein C-I (apo C-I) was used to screen an expression cDNA library constructed by us from tree shrew (TS) liver tissue. Two apo C-I cDNA clones were obtained. The longer one consists of 380 nucleotides, including 21 bp and 95 bp at the 5' and 3' end of the non-translated regions respectively, and a 264-bp fragment in an open reading frame encoding 88 amino acids prepropeptide which contains 26 amino acids of signal peptide and a mature protein (62 amino acids). Comparing the amino-acid sequence deduced from this cDNA with those of the published mammalian apo C-Is reveals that it shared some structural similarity with rat, mouse and dog apo C-I, but it had 5 more amino acids than that of human and baboon. The expression of apo C-I mRNA in 8 different tissues were also assayed with Northern blot. The results demonstrated that liver had the highest expression, intestine had much less expression and no expression in other tissues, which is much different from human and other species. This study has laid down a good foundation for further studying on the function and the stucture of tree shrew apo C-I gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

[Living-related small bowel transplantation: report of 2 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the result in treating short bowel syndrome with living-related small bowel transplantation. METHODS: Two patients with short bowel syndrome underwent living-related small bowel transplantation. One patient was an 18-year-old boy and the donor was his father. A segment of 150 cm distal small bowel was resected as the graft from the donor. Another patient was a 15-year-old boy and the donor was his mother. The graft was 160 cm long, with arteries and veins anastomosed to the recipient's infrarenal aorta and cava respectively. Intestinal continuity was restored with an end-to-end anastomosis between the recipient's jejunum and the donor's ileum, and the distal end was made as fistulization. Treatment of immunosuppression, antibiotics, anti-thrombosis and nutritional support were given posttransplantation. RESULTS: Complications such as anaemia and acute rejection occurred in the first recipient and were handled properly and brought under control after operation. The patient has been surviving 26 months since the transplantation. The graft's function is well. The patient can eat food and resume his daily work. In the second recipient, acute rejection occurred on day 26 after operation and was controlled by implosion therapy. Serious rejection occurred on day 80 again and did not respond to implosion therapy with methylprednisolone. After use of OKT3 and ATG the rejection was minimized. Because of uncontrolled infection, the patient died on 5th month after operation. CONCLUSION: Living-related small bowel transplantation is an ideal treatment for short bowel syndrome.

Adolescent↗