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Biomedical subjects

G Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to G Wolf.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[The possibility of stimulating the ureters with hexoprenaline following radical abdominal surgery of cervix cancer].

After the intravenous injection of a betamimeticum hexoprenaline a significant improvement of the motility of the ureter was noted by intravenous pyelogram in the majority of radically operated patients. In 60.1% of subjects an increase in the frequency as well as a qualitative improvement of contractions was noted. A decrease of motility (22.6%) was never qualitative but ever only quantitative. The incidence of these changes (-28.4%) was significantly less than the improvement (+51.4%). This prospective study was carried out in 136 patients and showed that hexoprenaline (Ipradol) increases the motility of the ureter. This leads to preventive consequences.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Plasminogen activator activity in vitamin A-deficient rat corneas.

Plasminogen activator (PA) activity during epithelial wound healing in vitamin A-deficient rats was investigated to determine whether a relationship exists between corneal defect formation and PA activity. Uniform, central 3 mm diameter corneal epithelial wounds were made by scalpel debridement in vitamin A-deficient and in pair-fed control rats. Cryostat sections of such corneas, taken at various times post-scrape, were overlaid with fibrin films containing plasminogen to examine the distribution of PA activity; and antibodies to tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or to urokinase-like activator (uPA) were incorporated into the films so that the immunochemical natures of detected PA activities could be determined. Corneas from pair-fed controls showed tPA-dependent lysis in association with the regenerating epithelium as well as in the defect region during epithelial wound healing. Corneas from vitamin A-deficient rats also demonstrated tPA activity in association with corneal epithelium post-scrape but showed no detectable tPA activity in the defect region. Histological examination of the vitamin A-deficient corneas demonstrated that a pseudomembrane composed of PMNs, cell debris, and fibrinous exudate had formed on the scrape-debrided stromal surface. The migrating edge of regenerating epithelium overlaid this membrane and was, therefore, not in contact with the stromal surface. The formation of the pseudomembrane, which delays reepithelialization, might have resulted from the absence of PA activity in the defect region. Both excessive and inadequate levels of PA activity may result in impaired epithelial wound healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Magnetic resonance imaging of the placenta in rhesus monkeys, Macaca mulatta.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the uterus of rhesus monkeys was performed at different stages of pregnancy. Spin-echo sequences localized the placental discs before and after gadolinium enhancement. Fast-scan sequences provided semiquantitative appreciation of placental hemodynamics. The paramagnetic agent enhanced the placenta, crossed into the fetal circulation, and was excreted in the fetal urinary bladder. Gd DTPA was also used to contrast the external contours of the fetus.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The role of vitamin A in the glycosylation reactions of glycoprotein synthesis in an 'in vitro' system.

Microsomal membrane preparations from rat livers, when incubated with labelled sugar-nucleotides, were shown to synthesize labelled oligosaccharide-lipids in the presence of excess exogenous dolichyl phosphate. Under the incubation conditions defined in the present study, dolichyl pyrophosphoryl(DolPP)GlcNAc2-Man5, DolPPGlcNAc2Man9 and DolPPGlcNAc2Man9Glc3 were the principal oligosaccharide-lipids formed by both control and vitamin A-deficient membranes. However, deficient membranes synthesized 3.2 +/- 0.8 times as much oligosaccharide-lipids and 2.6 +/- 0.7 times as much dolichyl phosphate mannose (DolPMan) and dolichyl phosphate glucose (DolPGlc) as the controls. The transfer of the oligosaccharide chain from the dolichol carrier to the endogenous protein acceptors in vitamin A-deficient microsomes (microsomal fractions) was only 57.5 +/- 9.5% of that of controls. After endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase treatment, only one oligosaccharide species was isolated from both control and vitamin A-deficient microsomal glycoproteins, and was characterized as GlcNAcMan9Glc3. We conclude that the decreased incorporation of labelled mannose and glucose from sugar-nucleotides into the glycoproteins must be due to decreased transfer of GlcNAc2Man9Glc3 from the dolichol carrier to the protein acceptors. This conclusion was further substantiated by the finding that control membranes transferred 4-6 times as much labelled oligosaccharides from exogenously added dolichol-linked substrate (DolPPGlcNAc2Man9Glc3) to endogenous microsomal protein acceptors as compared with the vitamin A-deficient membranes. Attempts to reverse this defect by addition of retinol or retinyl phosphate (a source of retinyl phosphate mannose) to the incubations were unsuccessful.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Liver microsomal membrane fluidity and lipid characteristics in vitamin A-deficient rats.

Rat liver microsomes (microsomal fraction) were isolated from vitamin A-deficient and -sufficient rats and analysed for membrane lipid characteristics. Membrane fluidity was found to be significantly decreased in microsomes from the vitamin A-deficient rats, but not in liposomes prepared from lipid extracts. Microsomes from vitamin A-deficient animals showed a significant decrease in C18:2, omega 6 and an increase in C22:5, omega 6 fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Glutamate dehydrogenase in aminoacidergic structures of the postnatally developing rat cerebellum.

In the cerebellar cortex of the rat, histochemically demonstrable activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) was found to increase markedly after the second week of postnatal life. As evaluated histophotometrically, the amount of reaction product in Purkinje cell perikarya exceeded on day 40 that on day 5 by about 85%, whereas the intensity of GDH staining in granule cell bodies and in the molecular layer rose from postnatal day 5 to day 40 up to 325% and 400%, respectively. Due to the parallelism with the onset of aminoacidergic transmission processes, the results are interpreted as indicating the participation of GDH in the metabolism both of transmitter glutamate and of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of cell-associated and soluble galactosyltransferase isoenzymes from a human bladder transitional cell carcinoma line.

We investigated the asialo-agalactofetuin galactosyltransferase solubilized by Triton X-100 from a human bladder transitional cell carcinoma line (cell-associated form). The specific activity of this enzyme was dependent on cell population density, being about 50% higher in cells from confluent than from sparse cultures. We compared the properties of this enzyme with those of a galactosyltransferase isoenzyme present in the culture medium (soluble form). Electrophoresis on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gels showed the two forms to be isoenzymes, in that the mobility of the soluble enzyme was greater than that of the cell-associated enzyme. The isoenzymes differed in that the Km for UDP-galactose of the cell-associated enzyme (1 X 10(-5) M) was one-half that of the soluble isoenzyme. The isoenzymes differed by 1 order of magnitude in their affinity for a fetuin-derived acceptor with a Km of 16 X 10(-5) M for the cell-associated and 1.2 X 10(-5) M for the soluble form, although the Km for ovalbumin and asialomucin as acceptor was similar for both. Both enzymes were active over a broad pH range and their response to divalent cations was the same: the most efficient cation was Mn2+; but modest activity was detected in the presence of either Cd2+ or Co2+. As determined by gel filtration on Sepharose 6B, the cell-associated galactosyltransferase showed a molecular weight of 66,000, whereas that of the soluble form was 51,000. Limited proteolysis of the cell-associated enzyme with thermolysin and subsequent analysis by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cell-associated enzyme could be converted to an isoenzyme showing the same electrophoretic mobility as the soluble enzyme present in the culture medium, presumably by removal of a portion of the peptide chain. The same result was obtained by treating the cell-associated enzyme with a cell extract. This suggests but does not prove that the soluble enzyme secreted or shed into the medium is produced from the cell-associated form by an endogenous protease.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1987

[Ultrasound-guided cyst puncture of the human breast].

For mammadiagnosis sonography should be used only carefully directed as a supplement investigation. Excellent results in diagnosis, treatment and follow up examinations are obtainable, if sonography is employed together with mammography and puncture-cytology as triple-diagnosis. With the help of sonography localisation and puncture of not palpable cysts is possible. Together with pneumocystography the diagnosis is reliable, biopsies can be reduced. Follow up examinations must be done periodical. The employment of sonography reduces the numbers of radiographs. In a scheme our procedure is clearly arranged.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1987

Influence of tumor promoter on binding and release of fibronectin added to human lung fibroblasts.

The tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) did not alter the binding and release kinetics of externally added 125I-labeled plasma fibronectin to human lung fibroblasts in culture. Cell layer-bound plasma fibronectin was found to be chased into the medium at the same rate in tumor-promoter-treated as in non-treated cells. Unlabeled fibronectin accumulated to a much higher degree in the medium when tumor promoter was present. We conclude that TPA does not interfere with the fibronectin receptor on substrate-attached fibroblasts, but may influence intracellular fibronectin before it is bound to the extracellular matrix.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1987

Vitamin A deficiency alters genomic expression for fibronectin in liver and hepatocytes.

Earlier work from our laboratory had shown that vitamin A-deficient rats had increased levels of fibronectin in their serum. To explain this result, we investigated the mechanism whereby vitamin A deficiency affects the production of fibronectin by liver and hepatocytes, since liver is the known source of plasma fibronectin. By use of cDNA specific for rat liver fibronectin, we showed that livers of vitamin A-deficient rats had a 2-4-fold increase in the level of fibronectin mRNA and also a higher transcription rate. Rate of synthesis and secretion of fibronectin was found to be increased 2-fold in primary cultures of hepatocytes of deficient animals. Exogenous addition of retinyl acetate or retinoic acid to the media reversed this increase to control levels. The increase was paralleled by an increase in fibronectin mRNA, also reversed by exogenous retinoic acid. At least 12 h were needed for this reversal to take place. Thus, vitamin A appears to regulate the synthesis of fibronectin through its action on fibronectin mRNA transcription. This represents the first reported observation of an action of vitamin A at the genomic level on the synthesis of a specific protein in liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Sonography of small and occult breast cancer].

The importance of sonography in the diagnosis of the small palpable and occult carcinoma of the female breast is discussed on the basis of the authors' own studies. Of a total of 98 carcinomas in this group, 80 were identified by means of mammography, 7 by ductography and 11 by sonography; a total of 3573 women were examined sonographically in whom results of palpation and x-ray examination required further clarification. Sonography is a valuable additional examination that should be employed strictly on-target according to previously worked-out criteria.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1987

[Results of percutaneous transhepatic drainage of the bile ducts].

From September 1980 to December 1986, 72 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainages (PTCD) were performed in 64 patients (58 palliative in malignant obstructions, 14 temporary). The median duration of drainage was 26.8 days (2-183 days). The median survival time in 37 patients with palliative tumour drainage was 55.3 days (7-473 days). 9/37 patients survived longer than 3 months (max. 15.5 months). Complications occurred in 29.5% (10.3% severe). 3/64 patients (4.7%) died. Patients with palliative transpapillary drainages (23), especially with endoprostheses (14), survived longer, and the complication rate was lower. Therefore, we prefer the endoscopic transpapillary approach. PTCD patients must be selected carefully.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[New aspects of the autonomic innervation of human nasal mucosa].

The neuropeptide Substance-P (SP) was found in clinically normal and chronically inflamed hyperplastic human nasal mucosa. SP is the transmitter substance in afferent neurons and causes oedema, as animal experiments have shown, via local and central reflexes as well as vasodilation, smooth muscle contraction and glandular hypersecretion. The study proved the existence of peptidergic nerve fibres besides adrenergic and cholinergic fibres in human nasal mucosa. The result of the study and its presumable pathophysiological meaning is discussed.

Acetylcholine↗