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Biomedical subjects

G Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to G Wilson.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Micropachometry: a technique for measuring the thickness of the corneal epithelium.

A micropachometer was developed for the measurement of epithelial thickness in the living human cornea. The technique requires no contact with the eye and will be of value in studies of the anterior cornea and the physiological effects of contact lenses. The design is described, and results are presented from measurements of epithelial thickness.

Biometry↗
PubMed1979

Transfection of human lymphoblastoid cells with herpes simplex viral DNA.

The "calcium/dimethyl sulfoxide shock" method of transfection was adapted for use in human lymphoid cell cultures. One microgram of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA regularly initiated virus replication in four lymphoblastoid cell lines. Per 10(5) cells exposed to 1 microgram of DNA, 0.5--5 cells formed an infectious center. The minimal infective dose of DNA was approximately 500 ng.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1979

An electron microscope autoradiographic study of the carbohydrate recognition systems in rat liver. I. Distribution of 125I-ligands among the liver cell types.

Electron microscope autoradiography was used to study the cellular localization of seven glycoproteins rapidly cleared from the circulating plasma of rats and taken up by the liver. 1 and 15 min after intravenous administration of the 125I-glycoproteins, livers were fixed in situ by perfusion and processed for autoradiography. Autoradiographic grains in the developed sections were found to represent the intact 125I-ligand. A quantitative analysis of the distribution and concentration (density) of autoradiographic grains over the three major cell types of the liver was then performed. Three molecules, asialo-fetuin, asialo-orosomucoid, and lactosaminated RNase A dimer, the oligosaccharide chains of which terminate in galactose residues, were bound and internalized almost exclusively (greater than 90%) by hepatocytes. Conversely, four molecules, the oligosaccharide chains of which terminate in either N-acetyl-glucosamine (agalacto-orosomucoid) or mannose (ahexosamino-orosomucoid, preputial beta-glucuronidase, and mannobiosaminated RNase A dimer), were specifically bound and internalized by cells lining the blood sinusoids--that is, by Kupffer cells and endothelial cells. Endothelial cells were two to six times more active (on a cell volume basis) than were Kupffer cells in the internalization of these four 125I-ligands. Mannose and N-acetylglucosamine-terminated glycoproteins competed with each other for uptake into either endothelial cells or Kupffer cells, indicating that a single system recognized mannose or N-acetyl-glucosamine residues. Finally, agalacto-orosomucoid and ahexosamino-orosomucoid were also associated with hepatocytes, but competition experiments utilizing excess asialo-orosomucoid demonstrated that residual galactosyl residues were responsible for this association.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Selective hepatic uptake of synthetic glycoproteins: mannosaminated ribonuclease A dimer and serum albumin.

The influence of mannose-containing oligosaccharides on the tissue uptake of glycoproteins has been examined with synthetic glycoconjugates. Oligosaccharides obtained from the acetolysis of bakers' yeast mannan have been coupled to the lysine residues of the cross-linked dimer of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A and of human serum albumin by reductive amination with cyanoborohydride. 14C-labeled derivatives of the two proteins containing two to four mannopyranose residues per 10,000 mol wt were administered intravenously to rats. There was selective (70-80%) uptake of these derivatives by the liver within 10-15 min after injection. A minor site of uptake was the spleen. The extent of hepatic uptake was a function of the number and size of the mannooligosaccharide residues coupled. With the nonglycosaminated derivatives the liver uptake was less than 5%. Related studies have shown that mannose-containing glycoproteins are taken up by both the endothelial and Kupffer cells of the liver; thus, reductive mannosamination may provide a means of directing to these cells proteins of potential therapeutic interest.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Hydrogel lens power and oxygen transmissibility.

Measurements of oxygen transmissibility are reported for hydrogel lenses of different power. Center thickness is related to oxygen transmissibility, and it is shown that the relation is different for lenses of high dioptric power compared with lenses of low power. For high plus lenses, the oxygen transmissibility is higher than would be expected from a simple consideration of center thickness and the oxygen permeability of the contact lens material. For high minus lenses, the oxygen transmissibility is less than would be expected. Clinically, this means that power as well as center thickness must be taken into account when estimating the oxygen transmissibility of high power lenses.

Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic↗
PubMed1979

Occurrence and cultural features of Streptococcus milleri in various body sites.

An investigation was made into the habitat of commensal strains of Streptococcus milleri. These showed distinctive patterns of cultural features, dependent on their sites of origin, which were compared with those prevalent in strains grown from the appendix, 'anal' lesions, and Bartholin's abscesses. A biotype, which showed a marked affinity for the vagina and produced acid from raffinose and melibiose, was identified.

Adolescent↗