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Biomedical subjects

G Wiernik

Publications and source records attributed to G Wiernik.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Hyperbaric oxygen and radiotherapy: a Medical Research Council trial in carcinoma of the cervix.

In a randomized controlled clinical trial of hyperbaric oxygen in the radiotherapy of advanced carcinoma of the uterine cervix a total of 320 cases were contributed by four radiotherapy centres in the United Kingdom. The use of hyperbaric oxygen resulted in improved local control and survival. The benefit was greatest in patients under the age of 55 who presented with stage III disease. There was a slight increase in radiation morbidity but it seemed that the benefit of hyperbaric oxygen outweighed this increase in morbidity and that there was a true improvement in the therapeutic ratio.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The effects of varied numbers of dose fractions on the tolerance of normal human skin.

The early and late radiation of small areas of normal human skin, included in the treatment of basal cell carcinomata, have been used to evaluate the validity of the fractions exponent of the Ellis NSD equation. Fraction numbers at the lower end of the range used clinically were investigated (3 ,7 and 10 fractions); total doses were calculated using an NSD of 1930 ret with a fractions exponent of 0.22. Time and hence the time exponent was constant (14 days). The patterns of increasing and declining early skin reaction, measured using an arbitrary numerical scoring system, and the proportion of treatment fields reaching skin tolerance were similar for the three treatment groups. The number of treated areas showing late normal tissue damage were also similar. These observations suggest that it is legitimate to apply the NSD hypothesis to treatments involving 3-10 fractions over an interval of 14 days. Of particular interest was the observation that the final cosmetic result and tumour cure was not significantly improved by treatment given as 10 fractions over that obtained with 3 fractions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Sex dependence of human intracranial gliomata.

The age and sex distribution of 1223 cases of intracranial gliomata, diagnosed in the geographical area covered by the Mersey Regional Cancer Registry over the period 1961-70, are analysed. In children and adults, the intracranial gliomata predominates in males, the tumour incidence figures indicating a ratio of 3 : 2. For young adults, the tumour incidence increases with age and is approximately the same in males and females. It is not until the age group 45-49 years is reached that the tumour incidence in males is higher. The peak tumour incidence occurs at the same age in both sexes (60-64 years) and thereafter incidence declines with age. These results are compared with previously published human data, and with the findings of experimental studies in the rat. Factors including naturally occurring changes in the hormone levels are discussed, in an attempt to explain the observed age-related sex differences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

A quantitative comparison between normal and carcinomatous squamous epithelia of the uterine cervix.

The object of this study was to measure some of the differences between normal squamous epithelial cells and cells from invasive squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix. A total of 107 patients were studied; only those specimens which when assessed by a histopathologist were thought to show classic normal features or undoubted invasive carcinoma were included in the quantitative analysis. In addition, any specimens which at the electron microscope level, showed faulty sampling or preparation were discarded, leaving us with 16 carcinoma and 15 normal specimens for detailed study.The nuclei of tumour cells had a greater area than those of normal cells; histograms of the size distribution of nuclei showed a distinctly different pattern in the 2 groups. Tumour cells had fewer ribosomes in each cubic micron of cytoplasm than had the normal cells and showed a reduction in the amount of intercellular space; in addition, the malignant cells had a smaller surface density and fewer tonofibrils in their cytoplasm. Some tumour cells had a smaller percentage of cell membrane specialized as desmosomes than the corresponding normal cells but all tumour cells had desmosomes of shorter length than normal.Discriminatory analysis, carried out with the help of a computer, allowed all of these variables to be assessed with respect to each other in order to arrive at a numerical score for each specimen. When expressed graphically, these scores showed that the populations of normal and carcinomatous cells fell into 2 separate groups. The significance of these results is discussed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗