Biomedical subjects
G White
Publications and source records attributed to G White.
Antimicrobial therapy in incomplete abortion.
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Effects of phenylbutazone, tolbutamide, and clofibric acid on binding of racemic warfarin and its enantiomers to human serum albumin.
The effect of phenylbutazone, tolbutamide, and clofibric acid on the binding of racemic warfarin and its enantiomers to human serum albumin was studied by equilibrium dialysis. Warfarin had one primary and two secondary binding sites on the albumin molecule. No difference in binding was detected at the primary binding site; the extent of R(+)-isomer binding at the secondary binding sites was 2.5 times greater than the corresponding S(-)-isomer binding. Phenylbutazone and warfarin appear to compete for the same primary binding site on the albumin molecule. Tolbutamide interferes with the binding of warfarin enantiomers at their secondary sites. Clofibric acid has a less pronounced effect on warfarin binding than does phenylbutazone or tolbutamide.
A survey of trimethoprim resistance in the enteric bacterial flora of farm animals.
For 29 months the Veterinary Investigation Centres, covering the whole of Great Britain, forwarded trimethoprim-resistant gram negative enteric bacteria to the Wellcome Research Laboratories. These were examined for degree of resistance, presence and type of R factors. Trimethoprim resistance was found in 0.6% of the total number of strains examined by the Veterinary Investigation Centres. Trimethoprim R factors were demonstrated in one quarter of the resistant strains, and R factors were found in two strains of Salmonella typhimurium. It was concluded that while the incidence of trimethoprim resistance revealed by the survey gave no cause for alarm, the detection of resistant strains, and particularly R factors, indicated that the drug should continue to be used only for specific therapeutic purposes.
Medical metriopatheia. New attitudes to health services in Central Australia.
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Use of antibacterial drugs in aquaria.
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A comparison of home and hospital delivery based on 25 years' experience with both.
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Rauwolfia derivatives and breast cancer in hypertensive women.
Three groups of women were selected from a sample of death certificates that had been coded by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys for all conditions mentioned on them: (1) all women with reference to both breast cancer and hypertension; (2) all women with reference to hypertension and other cancers; (3) a group of women with reference to hypertension without cancer, selected to match the breast-cancer patients with respect to five features. When the women with breast cancer were compared with both the women with other cancers and the women without cancer, there was a positive association between breast cancer and the use of rauwolfia derivatives, although neither the differences in the frequency nor duration observed were statistically significant. The association appeared to be strongest for use near the time of diagnosis of the cancer. This agrees with nearly all other data and would be expected if rauwolfia derivatives promoted the development of breast cancer from previously initiated cells.
Radiologic detection of breast cancer. Review and recommendations.
In response to recent public demand for mammographic examination after the discovery of breast cancer in two women of national prominence, the Ad Hoc Committee on Mammography of the Massachusetts Radiological Society reviewed the present indications, benefits, and risks of radiologic technics used in the detection of neoplastic breast disease. Either low-dose film mammography or xeromammography can provide diagnostic information with minimal radiation hazard, and thermography is a sensitive though nonspecific technic for interim follow-up observations and for screening of large groups of well patients. Mammographic examination should be performed before contemplated breast operations and in women at high risk for the development of breast cancer, especially those who have had previous neoplastic breast disease. Routine mammographic studies on well women may be initiated after the age of 35 years, the frequency of periodic re-examination being determined by clinical and mammographic findings.
Studies in dogs and cats dosed with trimethoprim and sulphadiazine.
Serum level studies in cats and dogs dosed with 30 mg per kg per day of either oral or injectable formulations of a 1:5 trimethoprim/sulphadiazine combination showed good absorption by both routes of administration. Toxicity tests with the products demonstrated a high margin of safety in dogs given this dose level; the margin of safety in cats was lower but still adequate. The high success rate in clinical trials against a wide range of bacterial infections confirmed the predictions from the serum level results that a dose rate of 30 mg per kg per day orally or parentally, would be therapeutically efficacious in both species.
Letter: Clinical evaluation of clonidine in the treatment of migraine.
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The effect of a lymphotoxic factor from patients with multiple sclerosis on acute lymphosarcoma cell leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Eight patients with acute lymphosarcoma cell leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia received infusions of plasma containing a lymphotoxic factor. The lymphotoxic factor induced a transient fall in the number of "blast" cell forms in the peripheral blood in six of the eight patients but did not produce sustained remissions. Previous investigations have demonstrated that this lymphotoxic factor, found in the plasma of patients with active multiple sclerosis, is of low molecular weight and does not have the properties normally associated with an antibody. This factor appears to selectively interfere with ribonucleic acid synthesis in the thymus-derived lymphocyte. Lymphotoxic factor activity was demonstrated in the serum of one patient during a remission in leukemia induced by a viral illness.
The early establishment of Streptococcus mutans in the mouths of infants.
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An experiment in "step-wise" mutual hypnosis and shared guided fantasy.
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Ferritin synthesis in lymphocytes, polymorphs and monocytes.
A rapid two-stage method has been devised for the separation of different leucocyte populations from human blood. Different cell types can be obtained in an undamaged state and with little contamination. Ferritin and total protein synthesis has been determined by measuring [14C]leucine incorporation in culture media which contain varying amounts of added ferric iron or desferrioxamine. Both ferritin and total protein synthesis is greater in monocytes than in lymphocytes or polymorphs when the basal medium is used. Only monocytes show a consistent increase in ferritin production due to iron stimulation. Ferritin synthesis by monocytes, polymorphs and lymphocytes is inhibited in the presence of desferrioxamine.
Partial purification and characterization of a lymphotoxic factor from multiple sclerosis serum.
A factor found in the serums of some patients with multiple sclerosis has been shown to have a toxic effect on the normal, mature lymphocyte. This lymphotoxic factor is a protein that is stable to heating at 56 degrees C for 3 hours. It is a nondialyzable material, with recovery of lymphotoxic activity following 30 days of dialysis. Elution of lymphotoxic serum through Sepadex G-100 demonstrates toxic activity closely associated with albumin. Purification by elution through DEAE-cellulose yielded lymphotoxic activity. The lymphotoxic factor was inactivated by standard ammonium sulfate precipitation. Analysis of the effect on distinctive cell types within the total lymphocyte population demonstrated that the T lymphocyte was particularly sensitive.
Sulphonamide sensitivity of Salmonella dublin.
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