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Biomedical subjects

G W Ellison

Publications and source records attributed to G W Ellison.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Abnormal regulation of in vitro IgG production in multiple sclerosis.

A pokeweed mitogen-stimulated IgG synthesis assay was used to evaluate T suppressor cell function in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Autochthonous cultures of fractionated and recombined MS B and T cells exhibited less suppression of IgG synthesis than similar cultures of PBL from control subjects. No difference occurred in the levels of suppression among MS patients grouped according to disease states. When allogenic cultures of MS B and normal T cells or normal B and MS T cells were compared to autochthonous cultures of control cells, no differences were observed. The results suggest that the lower levels of suppression observed in autologous MS cell cultures are not a result of T suppressor cell dysfunction alone.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1981

Changes in immune response during responses in MS patients.

Changes in clinical status and in two measures of immune function were followed for 21 months (median) in 106 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and cohabitant controls. Antibody titers to measles, cytomegalovirus, and herpesvirus 1 and 2, and leukocyte migration inhibition indexes (LMIs) to measles and streptokinase/streptodornase (SKSD) were measured at 3- to 6-month intervals and at time of exacerbation in the index case. There were 36 exacerbations in 25 patients. Mean baseline antibody titers and LMI to measles were higher in cases than in controls. No consistent changes occurred in antibody titers to any of the viruses, non in LMI to SKSD. LMIs to measles were lower in most MS patients during exacerbations than before or after exacerbations. This apparent improvement in cell-mediated immune response to measles only during exacerbations may reflect aberrant immune regulation in MS patients, response to recrudescence of a latent agent, or some other phenomenon as yet undefined.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1980

Multicentric periarticular calcinosis in a pup.

A 12-week-old pup was examined because of a bizarre periarticular joint condition. Physical, radiographic and histopathologic findings indicated synovial and periarticular calcinosis that involved virtually all of the diarthrodial joints to varying degrees. History, laboratory data, and postmortem findings tended to eliminate a nutritional, neoplastic, or infectious cause, but a genetic, endocrine, or metabolic derangement could not be ruled out.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in multiple sclerosis.

Serum antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an agent that persists in a latent form after the initial infection, were determined in 157 patients with multiple sclerosis and in 81 control subjects. Two patients (1.3%) and five control subjects (6.2%) lacked antibodies to EBV. In the subjects with antibodies, the prevalence of high titers (greater than or equal to 1:160) was significantly greater in patients, 69 (44.5%), than in control subjects, 22 (28.9%). The geometric mean titer of antibodies to EBV was significantly higher in patients, 107.0, than in control subjects, 77.1. There was no association between antibody titers and duration or activity of the disease. These findings further support the contention that patients with multiple sclerosis have a general aberration of the immunological system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

No measles virus genetic information detected in multiple sclerosis--derived brains.

Measles virus nucleotide sequences were searched for in diseased and normal-appearing white matter from brains of four multiple sclerosis victims. At the level of sensitivity established, 2.5 to 7.8 measles virus genome-equivalents of RNA, or 4.9 genome-equivalents of putative DNA per diploid cell quantity of DNA, could have been detected. At these levels, no measles virus genetic information was found in any of the four brains.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Partition coefficients of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO0 in erythrocyte lipids in multiple sclerosis.

Electron spin resonance (ESR) was used in a search for a possible generalized membrane defect underlying myelin instability in multiple sclerosis (MS). In contrast to most ESR studies of biological membranes, a small, nonelectrolyte spin label, TEMPO, was chosen; its partition coefficient was determined in extracted erythrocyte lipids from MS patients and normal controls. No differences were observed the advantages and limitations of TEMPO in comparison with lipid spin labels as probes for the study of biological membranes are discussed.

Cyclic N-Oxides↗
PubMed1980

Anti-ganglioside antibodies in multiple sclerosis.

Serological activity against several purified brain gangliosides has been demonstrated in sera of a proportion of multiple sclerosis patients, but not in normal individuals. The activity was determined by the capacity of the sera to bring about complement-dependent lysis of liposomes containing the respective ganglioside in their lipid bilayer. An apparent correlation is indicated between the severity of the disease and the extent of liposome lysis. Cerebrospinal fluid of the patients did not induce lysis, probably due to low antibody concentration.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1980

Abnormal glutamic acid metabolism in multiple sclerosis.

We have found extensive amino acid abnormalities in multiple sclerosis sera. The most consistent abnormality is an elevation in serum glutamate, which is most striking during relapses. The increase in glutamate in the patients does not occur sharply during the onset of the relapse. Instead it appears to rise gradually within a month or two prior to the onset of the clinical relapse, to reach a peak during the relapse and then to slowly decline.

Female↗
PubMed1979

HLA types and immunity in multiple sclerosis.

HLA types and levels of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to several antigens were studied in a large group of patients with multiple sclerosis, and in controls. Patients were more likely than controls to have the DRw2 antigen. They had higher mean antibody titers to measles but not to cytomegalovirus, herpes 1, or herpes 2, and had less competent cell-mediated responses. Antibody titers to measles were lower and cell-mediated immune responses were more effective in patients with the DRw2 antigen in patients than in patients without it. This apparent specificity for measles suggests that the etiology of multiple sclerosis is related to the immune response to measles or related viruses.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

Histocompatibility types and measles antibodies in multiple sclerosis.

The relationship between HLA antigens and measles antibody titers was investigated in 105 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. HLA antigens were determined serologically by a micro-lymphocytotoxicity test and measles antibody titers were determined by the hemagglutination inhibition test. There was an increased frequency of HLA-B7 and HLA-Bw35 antigens and a decreased frequency of HLA-A2, HLA-B12, and HLA-Bw40 antigens in MS. Measles antibody titers were significantly higher in MS than in control cases. In the MS patients, the chi-square test for homogeneity did not show any significant difference between the presence or absence of antigens HLA-A3, HLA-B7, HLA-B8 HLA-A2 or HLA-B12 when compared with measles antibody titers. The chi-square test for association did not show any significant difference between the presence or absence of these antigens compared with measles antibody titers above 1:64 or 1:128 or 1:256. However, there were significantly higher measles antibody geometric mean titers in MS patients with HLA-A3 antigen or lacking HLA-A2 antigen. In the case of HLA-A3, this was reflected in the female but not in the male patients. The increased measles HI antibody titer in MS may be related to the increased frequency of HLA-A3, or the decreased frequency of HLA-A2, or both.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

Methyldopa in treatment of neurogenic bladder disorders.

Fifty patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction were treated with methyldopa (Aldomet). The preliminary results that are presented suggest a beneficial action in patients with upper neuron lesions. The probable mechanism of the drug's action is discussed.

Adrenergic Fibers↗