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Biomedical subjects

G Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to G Vogel.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[A radiologico-anatomical study of the bones of the foot].

110 x-ray films of young adults were examined. A line connecting the medial end of the articular cleft between naviculare and medial cuneiform bones with the lateral end of the calcaneo-cuboidal joint was used as transverse basis line. The angles between that line and the axes of the metatarsal bones were measured and discussed. A further investigation concerned the valgus position of the hallux. It showed that even in young feet--especially of females--it much more pronounced than was described hitherto. So in this respect our concept of the "normal foot" has to be revised. Further it could be shown that in not too few cases the transverse vault is distinctly flattened, a fact which has hardly been considered in the usual descriptions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Kinetics of membrane internalization and recycling during pinocytosis in Dictyostelium discoideum.

Internalization and recycling of plasma membrane during pinocytosis in Dictyostelium discoideum was analyzed quantitatively. A labeling technique was used by which [3H]galactose could be enzymatically bound to and released from the plasma membrane. Label internalized with the plasma membrane was no longer accessible to enzymatic release and could therefore be distinguished quantitatively from label remaining on the cell surface. Internalization of labeled membrane components was measured as a function of pinocytotic uptake. Direct experimental evidence for membrane recycling was obtained by demonstrating that previously internalized label reappeared at the plasma membrane. The experimental data agree with a kinetic model requiring that a shuttle of membrane between two membrane compartments leads to the same surface concentration of label in both. The two compartments consist of the plasma membrane and of cytoplasmic vacuolar membranes; their relative membrane surface areas are 1 and 0.5, respectively. One surface area equivalent of the plasma membrane is internalized during a pinocytotic uptake amounting to 15% of the cell volume. At the observed rate of pinocytosis, this occurred once every 45 min. The average size of the primary pinosomes, as weighted according to their contribution to pinocytotic uptake, was calculated to be about 0.6 microns.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1980

Mechanism of phagocytosis in Dictyostelium discoideum: phagocytosis is mediated by different recognition sites as disclosed by mutants with altered phagocytotic properties.

The recognition step in the phagocytotic process of the unicellular amoeba dictyostelium discoideum was examined by analysis of mutants defective in phagocytosis, Reliable and simple assays were developed to measure endocytotic uptake. For pinocytosis, FITC-dextran was found to be a suitable fluid-phase marker; FITC-bacteria, latex beads, and erythrocytes were used as phagocytotic substrates. Ingested material was isolated in one step by centrifuging through highly viscous poly(ethyleneglycol) solutions and was analyzed optically. A selection procedure for isolating mutants defective in phagocytosis was devised using tungsten beads as particulate prey. Nonphagocytosing cells were isolated on the basis of their lower density. Three mutant strains were found exhibiting a clear-cut phenotype directly related to the phagocytotic event. In contrast to the situation in wild-type cells, uptake of E. coli B/r by mutant cells is specifically and competitively inhibited by glucose. Mutant amoeba phagocytose latex beads normally but not protein-coated latex, nonglucosylated bacteria, or erythrocytes. Cohesive properties of mutant cells are altered: they do not form EDTA-sensitive aggregates, and adhesiveness to glass or plastic surfaces is greatly reduced. Based upon these findings, a model for recognition in phagocytosis is proposed: (a) A lectin-type receptor specifically mediates binding of particles containing terminal glucose (E. coli B/r). (b) A second class of "nonspecific" receptors mediate binding of a variety of particles by hydrophobic interaction. Nonspecific binding is affected by mutation in such a way that only strongly hydrophobic (latex) but not more hydrophilic particles (e.g., protein-coated latex, bacteria, erythrocytes) can be phagocytosed by mutant amoebae.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1980

Salt and hypertension: data from the "Heidelberg Study".

Prevalence of hypertension and "intake" of sodium chloride (as estimated from 24-hr urinary Na-excretion) were measured in a random sample (n = 800) of 20- to 40-year-old Heidelberg men. There was a high (14%) prevalence of hypertension and a high (mean = 11.32 g) NcCl intake; both showed, however, no correlation. The lack of a NaCl/blood pressure correlation in this cross-sectional study might be due to intra- and interindividual variability of both parameters and, possibly, to a "threshold" argument concerning the etiological role of sodium in hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

On the nephrotoxicity of alpha-amanitin and the antagonistic effects of silymarin in rats.

In human beings, poisoning by the deathcup mushroom causes renal lesions in addition to extremely severe liver damage. It is known from animal experiments that silymarin, a polyhydroxyphenylchromanone, is capable of counteracting this alpha-amanitin-induced liver damage. The purpose of the present work was to ascertain whether renal damage could be induced in rats by giving alpha-amanitin, and whether silymarin would have any effect on such renal damage. The fact that alpha-amanitin produces pathological changes in the kidneys and that these lesions can be almost completely prevented by pretreating rats with silymarin has now been amply demonstrated by biochemical and histological techniques alike.

Amanitins↗
PubMed1979

[Percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage for obstructive jaundice (author's transl)].

Palliative percutaneous bile duct drainage was carried out in five patients with obstructive jaundice due to inoperable tumours. In four patients drainage was continued for a long period, in one patient for only one day. The bile duct was punctured by transhepatic cholangiography. It was then catheterised and a drainage catheter introduced into the duodenum in order to produce both internal and external drainage. This procedure, which carries few complications, produces a rapid reduction of jaundice and disappearance of pruritus. It does not increase the expectation of life, which depends on the underlying disease. Experience with this method may be of value in benign stenoses or in pre-operative drainage.

Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic↗
PubMed1979

24-hour patterns of blood sugar, plasma insulin and free fatty acids in patients with primary endogenous hyperlipoproteinemia on isocaloric diets containing 30, 40 and 79 cal% carbohydrates.

10 patients with primary, endogenous hypertriglyceridemia (type IV hyperlipoproteinemia) underwent three different isocaloric dietary regimes of 10 days duration each. The diets contained either 30, 43 or 79% of calories as carbohydrate with 20% of calories from protein. Analyses of insulin, blood sugar and free fatty acids were conducted on the last day of each dietary period, at frequent intervals. There were no differences in either fasting or diurnal blood sugars with the different diets. Insulin levels were positively correlated with the amount of carbohydrate in the diet and there was an inverse correlation between the carbohydrate contents of the diets and circulating free fatty acid levels during waking hours. Since glucose tolerance is maintained, and diurnal plasma lipid levels are lowest with the low fat regime, such diets may be advantageously used for patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

24-Hour patterns of blood sugar, plasma insulin and free fatty acids in patients with primary endogenous hyperlipoproteinemia on isocaloric diets containing 30, 43 and 79 cal% carbohydrates.

10 patients with primary, endogenous hypertriglyceridemia (type IV hyperlipoproteinemia) underwent three different isocaloric dietary regimes of 10 days duration each. The diets contained either 30, 43 or 79% of calories as carbohydrate with 20% of calories from protein. Analyses of insulin, blood sugar and free fatty acids were conducted on the last day of each dietary period, at frequent intervals. There were no differences in either fasting or diurnal blood sugars with the different diets. Insulin levels were positively correlated with the amount of carbohydrate in the diet and there was an inverse correlation between the carbohydrate contents of the diets and circulating free fatty acid levels during waking hours. Since glucose tolerance is maintained, and diurnal plasma lipid levels are lowest with the low fat regime, such diets may be advantageously used for patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Immunological concentration determinations of the streptokinase preparation Awelysin dissolved in various infusion solutions for its stability evaluation].

By means of the electro-immuno-assay according to Laurell the decrease of concentration was determined for the streptokinase preparation Awelysin dissolved in various infusion media at 20 degrees C. The stability behaviour of a streptokinase solution of 1.000 IE/ml showed a significant decrease of concentration after 24 hours (alpha less than 5%) as compared with the initial concentration. However, in comparison no significant differences as to the streptokinase stability could be found by using different infusion solutions. At 20 degrees C the decrease of streptokinase concentration may be neglected up to 24 hours in an infusion solution of streptokinase previously prepared.

Drug Stability↗
PubMed1979

[Prevention of reinfarction with acetylsalicylic acid].

A report is presented on the prospective trial for prophylaxis of myocardial reinfarction by means of acetylsalicyclic acid. For the first time it was organized on the basis of population. 1,340 patients were treated with acetylsalicylic acid or placebo respectively for 22 months on an average. There were 24 cases of reinfarction in the group of treatment and 51 in the placebo group. The difference is significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Complementation in vitro of mutant and wild-type ATPase of Escherichia coli using isolated subunits.

1. The inactive ATPases of four different mutant strains of Escherichia coli have been purified to homogeneity. 2. Molecular weights, subunit patterns in sodium dodecylsulfate electrophoresis and immunological properties of mutant and wild-type proteins are identical. The mutant enzymes compete with the wild-type enzyme for the binding sites on the membrane. 3. On freezing and thawing in salt solutions, the ATPase is split into subunits IA (alpha, gamma, epsilon), IB (delta; alpha, gamma, epsilon), and II (beta). By complementation in vitro of the isolated subunits, it is shown that subcomplex IA (alpha, gamma, epsilon) is altered in the mutant strains described here.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗