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Biomedical subjects

G Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to G Vogel.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Initial results of genetic carrier diagnosis in risk pedigrees with hemophilia A and B in East Germany].

In 7 families at risk for hemophilia A 42 individuals were evaluated by the Taq I polymorphism of the extragenic probe St 14.1 and the Bcl I as well the Hind III polymorphism of the intragenic probe F8e16-19. 15 out of 20 females of the core families were identified as carriers, under them all of the obligate heterozygotes. 5 individuals were excluded as carriers. The heterozygosity for each of the RFLPs was found to be between 30% and 79%. Combining the single data in 96% heterozygosity was found under the individuals tested. A linkage disequilibrium was found between the Bcl I and Hind III polymorphismus of the probe F8e16-19. A family at risk for hemophilia B including 5 individuals was studied using the Taq I and Xmn I polymorphisms of the probe P1. In one of two females the carrier state could be excluded in the other one confirmed.

Genetic Carrier Screening↗
PubMed1988

A new genetic fibrinogen variant (fibrinogen Erfurt I). Structurally characterized by an abnormal B beta-chain and present both in plasma and platelets.

An abnormal fibrinogen was discovered in the plasma of a clinically asymptomatic woman. This fibrinogen variant was analyzed by high resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and its molecular abnormality established consisting in a slight decrease in molecular mass of the B beta-chains. Analysis of fibrin revealed that cleavage of fibrinopeptide B by thrombin is normal, the molecular defect being confined to the beta-portion of the B beta-chain. The same fibrinogen variant was detected in the blood platelets of the proposita. This finding supports the assumption of a common origin of plasma and platelet fibrinogen pools. Family studies revealed the presence of the abnormal fibrinogen in a brother of the proposita, thus confirming the genetic nature of the observed variant. The underlying mutant gene occurs in both carriers in heterozygous state.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

An improved pressure-sensitive capsule for endoscopic measurement of esophageal variceal pressure.

A new small noninvasive pressure-sensitive capsule for the endoscopic measurement of esophageal varix pressure was evaluated and compared to an initial Yale-designed capsule to test the hypothesis that the diameter of the capsule measuring surface is a limiting factor for the accuracy and variability of capsule pressure measurements. Capsule pressures obtained with each capsule, using rabbit mesenteric vessels comparable in size to human esophageal varices, were correlated with direct intraluminal pressure measurements. There was an excellent correlation between capsule pressure measurements obtained with the small capsule and intraluminal pressure (r2 = 0.97) which was significantly greater than the correlation obtained when the initial capsule was studied (r2 = 0.89, P less than 0.01). The variability of capsule pressure measurements obtained with the small capsule was less than that observed when measurements were obtained with the initial capsule (P less than 0.01). Therefore, this new small capsule should provide the most accurate and reproducible noninvasive measurements of variceal pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Animal depression model by neonatal clomipramine: reduction of shock induced aggression.

Clomipramine, administered to neonatal rats, has been reported to produce adult behavioral and REM sleep abnormalities. They include decreased sexual behavior, increased ambulation in the outer part of an open-field arena, increased REM sleep % of total sleep time, and in descriptive data, short REM latency, and increased REM phasic events. Since these abnormalities resemble some found in human endogenous depression, we have hypothesized that the adult rats represent an animal model of depression. Diminished aggressive behavior is a common characteristic of endogenous depression. This study tested the validity of the animal depression model by determining in rats the effect of neonatal clomipramine on adult shock-induced fighting. Experimental rats were treated neonatally with clomipramine and control rats were treated neonatally with saline. When they matured, compared with control rats, experimental rats had significantly fewer offensive fighting responses, and significantly more defensive fighting responses. The findings add some support to the validity of the animal depression model produced by neonatal clomipramine.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Clinical use of hirudin.

The pharmacokinetics and the effects on the haemostatic system of hirudin were assessed in healthy volunteers after single doses of 1,000 AT-U/kg administered intravenously respectively subcutaneously. First clinical experiences on hirudin treatment in chronic DIC are reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Adjustment of phenprocoumon dosage utilizing a pharmacokinetic model.

According to a pharmacokinetic model, the adjustment of a phenprocoumon (PPC) standard dosage based on experimentally determined means values of the parameters volume of distribution and biological half-life will yield in more than 50% of the individuals the desired plasma PPC concentration. In 25 patients it was tested, whether the thus derived loading and maintenance doses, 376.8 and 35.2 micrograms PPC per kg b. wt., resp., actually lead to the predicted optimum plasma PPC concentration of 2.0 micrograms/ml. After initiating dosage, the plasma PPC concentrations were determined over a time period of 30 days. As predicted by the model, in 72% of the patients the average steady-state plasma PPC concentrations were within the range of 1.7 and 2.3 micrograms/ml. The data obtained were used to newly calculate mean values of the volume of distribution, the biological half-life, and the total body clearance of PPC. The mean biological half-life of PPC derived was somewhat shorter than that used for the calculation of the standard dose. Quick-values were estimated concomitantly with the plasma PPC concentrations. They revealed an optimum anticoagulation (15-25%) in 96% of the patients.

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗
PubMed1988

Hereditary dysfibrinogenaemia: structural and functional studies on three fibrinogen variants.

Dysfunctional fibrinogens occurring in three unrelated families were studied. Fibrinogen Erfurt I consists of B beta chains with a slightly lower molecular mass than normal. The same structural abnormality was also detected in fibrin beta chains. The variant is present in platelets too. Fibrinogen Erfurt II is characterized by the absent thrombin-induced release of FPA. With fibrinogen Berlin cleavage of the B beta chains by thrombin is slow but complete. All carriers of the three abnormal fibrinogens seem to be heterozygous for the underlying mutant gene.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A platelet disorder due to a structural abnormality of membrane glycoprotein Ib.

In a patient with mild bleeding symptoms, decreased platelet spreading and defective aggregation, an abnormal membrane glycoprotein (GP) was detected. Staining and surface labelling characteristics, cleavage by calcium-activated protease and decreased content of normal GP Ib in the platelets of the patient and 3 related carriers of the abnormal glycopeptide suggest that the additional component is a genetic GP Ib variant structurally characterized by an increase of about 20,000 in apparent Mr of the large subunit GP Ib alpha. The observed hereditary membrane GP abnormality although present in heterozygous state may be causally related to the defect of platelet function.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of preoperative blood tests for predicting deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement.

Determinations of the total calcium content and aggregability of the platelets as well as tests of coagulation and fibrinolysis were carried out on 93 patients before undergoing total hip replacement. All patients received low dose heparin, solely or combined with dihydroergotamine. Twenty-six patients developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) detected by the labelled fibrinogen uptake test and confirmed by ascending phlebography. Only a few tests, among them the total calcium content of platelets, showed a statistical difference between the patients who subsequently developed DVT and those who did not. Combination of several tests by a multivariate statistical analysis programme proved to have more predictive value than the analysis of single tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Thrombophilia caused by a type II protein-C defect].

It is reported on the first cases of protein C deficiency of type II detected in the GDR. This type of the defect is characterized by a normal antigen content in definitely decreased activity of protein C. Among 29 patients who became evident due to spontaneous and/or relapsing thromboses, the defect was found in 6 cases. In family investigations further asymptomatic carriers of characteristics were found in two families not related to each other. The clinical consequences are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Critical evaluation of a pressure-sensitive capsule for measurement of esophageal varix pressure. Studies in vitro and in canine mesenteric vessels.

The accuracy and reliability of a noninvasive pressure-sensitive capsule for the endoscopic measurement of esophageal varix pressure was evaluated. Capsule pressure was correlated with direct intraluminal pressure measurements. The influence of vessel wall tension on capsule pressure was also assessed. In vitro studies demonstrated an excellent correlation (r greater than or equal to 0.94; p less than 0.001) between the pressure obtained with the capsule and intraluminal pressure over a range of vessel diameters and wall thicknesses. In vivo correlation of pressures obtained with the capsule with direct venous pressure measurements was excellent (r = 0.85). However, this correlation decreased with a decrease in vessel diameter (group 1 diameter greater than or equal to 10 mm, r = 0.95; group 2 diameter greater than or equal to 5 mm but less than 10 mm, r = 0.75; group 3 diameter greater than or equal to 3 mm but less than 5 mm, r = 0.81). This decrease in accuracy was significant (p less than 0.001) between group 1 and groups 2 and 3. In vitro and in vivo, capsule pressure variability was significantly greater (p less than 0.001) in vessels of smaller diameter. Wall tension significantly influenced capsule pressure (p less than 0.05), although this effect was only seen in large "vessels" with a diameter beyond a clinically relevant range. Therefore, despite obtaining technically acceptable capsule pressure measurements in ideal experimental conditions, the accuracy and variability of these measurements are limited by vessel size.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cytokinesis is defective in Dictyostelium mutants with altered phagocytic recognition, adhesion, and vegetative cell cohesion properties.

Mutants that have been selected for defects in phagocytic recognition, adhesion, and vegetative cell-cell cohesion were found to be larger and more highly multinucleate than their parent strain. This defect is associated with the complex mutant phenotype of these mutants since revertants of the mutants coordinately acquire the wild-type phenotype for all of the defects. The larger size and multinuclearity were due to a high frequency of failure of cytokinesis in cells of wild-type size. This was shown by purifying the small cells in mutant populations and observing their growth and cell division. The mutant phenotype is more penetrant during axenic growth. Most of the mutants are not multinucleate when grown on bacteria. Recently, new mutants have been isolated that are also multinucleate when grown on bacteria by a strong selection procedure for non-adhesion to tissue culture dishes. The pleiotropic mutant phenotype and the greater penetrance of the mutant phenotype in axenic culture can be explained by hypothesizing a deficiency in a membrane component of the actomyosin motor that is involved in all of the processes defective in the mutants.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1987

Influences of variation in total energy intake and dietary composition on regulation of fat cell lipolysis in ideal-weight subjects.

Weight-maintaining fat-rich, "prudent," carbohydrate-rich, as well as energy-restricted diets (300 kcal/d) were fed in succession for 7 d to 12 healthy males of ideal body weight under metabolic ward conditions. At the end of each period isolated fat cells were prepared from subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and incubated in vitro in the absence or presence of adenosine deaminase, either alone or in combination with various lipolytic or antilipolytic hormones and agents. Variations in total energy intake and dietary composition had characteristic and specific effects on fat cell lipolysis in vitro. High carbohydrate and prudent diets resulted in low rates of nonstimulated glycerol release and impaired insulin action in the presence of adenosine deaminase (320 mU/ml). High-fat and energy restricted diets were characterized by high rates of nonstimulated glycerol release. Sensitivity of antilipolysis to insulin and prostaglandin E2 was 10 to 200 times lower respectively on energy-restricted than on fat-rich diets. The effects of alpha 2- and beta-adrenergic catecholamines and of N6-phenylisopropyladenosine were not affected by the preceding diets.

Adenosine↗