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Biomedical subjects

G Vincent

Publications and source records attributed to G Vincent.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Synthesis and biological evaluation of pNPY fragments.

Peptide fragments of pNPY corresponding to the C-terminal segments (13-36) and (25-36), the N-terminal segments (1-12) and (1-24), the segments (6-14) and (7-20), which contain a putative beta-turn, and the internal segments (13-24) and (20-30) were synthesized using solid phase methodology. These fragments were assayed for NPY receptor binding activity in the rat hypothalamus membrane preparation, enhancement of food intake in the rat following ivt administration and inhibition of electrically stimulated muscle contraction in the rat vas deferens. Only the C-terminal fragment (13-36) retained some of the activities of pNPY, appearing to act as a weak agonist, having an additive effect with pNPY on the inhibition of muscle contraction and prolonging the duration of action of pNPY in the feeding assay. It also had considerable alpha-helical character, as did pNPY. None of the other peptide fragments had any agonist or antagonist activity. These results suggest that the expression of full biological NPY activity requires both the C- and the N-terminal segments as well as a putative amphiphilic alpha-helical segment (14-31).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

[Diabetes in pregnancy].

Following a review of the literature, often too conflicting, the authors are attempting to define a coherent approach to the problem of diabetes in pregnancy. Described as a diabetic condition occurring during pregnancy, diabetes should be looked for in all pregnant women, using the O'Sullivan's screening test performed between the twenty sixth and thirtieth weeks of amenorrhea. The diagnosis of diabetes will only be confirmed by an oral glucose tolerance test.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Surveys of the treatment and socio-professional future of patients with spondylarthritis. Our impressions in 1986].

After a brief historical reminder, the authors emphasize the difficulties of such investigations; difficulties of realization, analysis and synthesis since the results depend on ethnic and socio-cultural origins, socio-professional factors, primary or secondary forms or the length of evolution of the disease. From their experience, the authors draw a certain number of figures which they compare to those from other authors, especially concerning factors which aggravate the functional prognosis of the disease, or condition its complications. As for the therapy, considering the divergent opinions expressed about the results obtained with modern treatments, and used for thirty years, the authors have initiated an opinion survey among the members of the FSR (French Society of Rheumatology). The analysis of personal cases, the synthesis of various publications, the results of their survey, lead them to conclude that the problem of the treatment of ankylosing spondylo-arthritis and its professional consequences, is currently still more medico-social than scientific. The picture of rheumatoid pelvispondylitis seems less severe today than before, but it is necessary to have a longer follow-up to evaluate it statistically.

Africa, Northern↗
PubMed1987

[Autologous venous graft disease. Incidence, physiopathologic aspects and therapeutic means of graft salvage].

From 1980 to 1985, 134 patients with severe ischemia of lower limbs benefited from surgical recovery by inversed autologous venous graft in subarticular femoropopliteal and distal femoral position. During the 5 year follow-up period, 14 grafts (9%) developed hemodynamic degradation requiring angiographic surveillance followed by surgical repair or percutaneous dilatation. A retrospective study of evolution of venous grafts implanted in the contralateral supra-articular femoropopliteal and femoro (ilio) femoral position demonstrated a lower incidence of hemodynamic degradation (5.3%). Localizations (proximal and distal anastomotic stenosis, valvular stenosis, stenotic degradation of the donor or receiving arterial segment) and physiopathologic mechanisms (progressive atheromatosis, anastomotic or valvular fibrosis, premature atheromatosis of graft) are systematically reviewed together with results of pathology. Etiopathogenic factors invoked for this affection are discussed as a function of findings, together with choice of therapy used, including surgical repair, fibrinolysis and percutaneous dilatation.

Belgium↗
PubMed1986

Vertebral arteriovenous fistula following central venous cannulation: a case report.

The authors report a case of vertebral arteriovenous fistula that has been disclosed three years after central venous cannulation (CVC). The real incidence of this complication is discussed and various clinical presentations are enumerated. From a review of the literature, some recommendations are made to prevent the diagnosis from being missed and chiefly to reduce the risk of arterial puncture that results in fistula formation.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1986

[Venous thromboembolic disease and Klinefelter's syndrome].

Venous thromboembolic disease was rarely described in association with Klinefelter's syndrome. It is nevertheless more frequent than in a genetically normal male population (5-20 times). This abnormality is not clearly explained. We report a classical case of Klinefelter's syndrome detected by the help of a venous thromboembolic disease. The patient was of blood-group A (the relative incidence of thrombosis is raised among group-A persons as compared with group-O persons). The evaluation disclosed a high rate of beta-thromboglobulin suggesting an underlying hypercoagulability. The abnormal incidence of venous thromboembolic disease among Klinefelter patients may find a partial explanation in this way.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

[Chromosome anomalies in rheumatoid polyarthritis. Breakage level and study of the breaking factor].

This current study confirms the significant elevation of the rate of chromosomal abnormalities (18.32 p. cent in 90.62 p. cent of cases) and the presence of a breaking capacity of the serum in a series of 78 rheumatoid polyarthritis compared with a control group. Chromosomal gaps and breaks represent the most frequently encountered lesions. These lesions are observed from the onset of the disease but are not specific of this disease. Chromosomal abnormalities do not seem to be randomly distributed on the chromosomes. They are not correlated with clinical or biological parameters in a statistically significant fashion. The cytogenetic study only represents a non specific biological test of rheumatoid disease. The advantage could apply, in practice, to beginning or atypical forms of rheumatoid polyarthritis in order to identify them within the group of auto-immune diseases.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

[Rheumatoid polyarthritis and interstitial cystopathy].

The authors report a case of interstitial cystitis occurring in association with very active rheumatoid arthritis. Although the association of immune disorders and rheumatoid arthritis is well known, cases of concomitant vesical lesions have only been reported exceptionally. The diagnosis of interstitial cystitis is based on histology and immunofluorescence studies. The pathogenetic hypothesis remains uncertain: is this a primary bladder disease or a systemic auto-immune disease with a urinary tract expression? The success of immunosuppressant treatment in this case of cystitis is in favour of the second hypothesis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1985

Cortical cholinergic impairment and behavioral deficits produced by kainic acid lesions of rat magnocellular basal forebrain.

The magnocellular basal forebrain (MNBF) provides extensive cholinergic innervation to frontoparietal cortex. In the rat, the MNBF is homologous to the human nucleus basalis of Meynert, a structure implicated in the cholinergic hypothesis of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Kainic acid (KA) was used to make lesions in the MNBF of rats which were compared with unoperated controls, sham-operated controls, and control rats injected with KA in the cortical area directly above the MNBF. The MNBF lesions depleted choline acetyltransferase in cortex but not in striatum or hippocampus. Cortical dopamine levels were unchanged; serotonin levels were unchanged in hippocampus and parietal cortex but decreased in frontal cortex. The metabolite levels of these neurotransmitters were unchanged in all brain regions examined. Compared with controls, rats with MNBF lesions were impaired in 24-hr retention, but not acquisition, of a passive avoidance task with escapable footshock. There were no differences between groups in mean number of daily avoidances on a bar-press active avoidance task, although the data suggested a slower rate of learning in MNBF rats. In a serial spatial discrimination reversal test with a snout-poke response, the MNBF rats performed significantly worse than controls, although all groups learned the task. This rodent model is useful for studying the role of the cholinergic system in memory and possibly for developing treatment strategies to alleviate the cognitive dysfunction of AD.

Animals↗