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Biomedical subjects

G Varghese

Publications and source records attributed to G Varghese.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Long-term ethanol administration and short- and long-term liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-term ethanol consumption affects the long-term regeneration of the liver after partial hepatectomy and to study whether the metabolic demands imposed on the liver by the regenerative process accentuate liver damage produced in the liver by ethanol. Animals fed alcohol (35% of total calories) in liquid diets over time were partially hepatectomized (68% removal) and then were given ethanol-containing diets until complete liver restitution. They were studied at 24 hr and at 7 and 14 days. At these times, prior and continued ethanol administration did not result in changes in total DNA restituted, percent of cells undergoing mitosis, or incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA as determined chemically and by autoradiography. After partial hepatectomy, ethanol-fed animals showed a reduction in both DNA and proteins per gram of liver. However, these effects were the result of the hepatomegaly induced by ethanol and were also observed in sham-operated animals fed the diets containing ethanol. An apparent decrease in percent restitution of live weight was observed at 24 hr after hepatectomy in the ethanol-fed animals. However, this was caused by a marked increase in hepatocyte size in the controls, which matched the already enlarged hepatocytes in the ethanol-fed animals. Partial hepatectomy was found to transiently increase the lipid content of the livers in control animals. In ethanol-fed animals partial hepatectomy resulted in markedly fatty livers, as observed both histologically and chemically, which exceeded these abnormalities in alcohol-fed sham-operated rats. In conclusion, long-term ethanol consumption prior to partial hepatectomy and continuous ethanol consumption after the operation did not affect negatively the complete restitution of the liver when compared with controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Rehabilitation outcome of patients with dual disability of hemiplegia and amputation.

The records of 30 patients with the dual disability of hemiplegia and amputation were reviewed. Six factors noted to have influenced the success of rehabilitation were: (1) age; (2) sequence of onset of disability, whether amputation or hemiplegia first; (3) localization of dual disability, whether ipsilateral or contralateral; (4) side of hemiplegia; (5) level of amputation; (6) availability of prolonged hospital stay and training. The final functional status was better if: (1) the amputation preceded the CVA; (2) the amputation and hemiplegia were ipsilateral; (3) amputation and hemiplegia were both on the right side. The hospital stay of patients with dual disability ranged from 4 months to 1 year. Those who had disability on contralateral sides and those who had left hemiplegia required a more prolonged hospital stay.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Benign hydroarthrosis of knee in patients with spinal cord injury.

Swelling of the knee joint occurred in 8 of 35 patients with spinal cord injury; in seven of the eight patients the swelling developed within the first eight months after injury. Six of the eight patients had flaccid paraplegia. None of the patients showed any constitutional or local changes other than swelling. No laboratory evidence of inflammation could be detected. Swelling disappeared in two to six weeks and no sequelae were noted. Although trauma appeared to be the most likely cause of the swelling. Only one of four joints showed hemarthrosis on aspiration.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pneumatic orthosis PILOT STUDY;.

The pneumatic orthosis is potentially a substitute or replacement for conventional long-ler and under outer clothing. Pneumatic tubes are incorporated into the orthosis and may be inflated at will by the patient. In a preliminary test it was found to be lighter, more comfortable and cosmetically more acceptable than conventional braces. This paper presents the results of the first pilot study of the orthosis in the United States, conducted by the New York Medical College--Bird S. Coler Hospital Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, using 11 patients with different levels of cord transection. The orthosis was tested for its effect in the following areas: pulmonary function, blood chemistries to determine calcuyn function and phosphorus metabolic retention or loss; spasticity; urinary tract studies; skin; systemic blood pressure and pulse; physical comfort; and effect of temperature and humidity on patient. Wearing time was increased daily until a patient tolerated a minimum of one hour of inflation and six to eight hours of deflation comfortably without negative results. All the patients tested tolerated daily use of the pneumatic orthosis up to six to eight hours with no harmful effect on the skin. It did not interfere with healing of existing decubiti. Use of the pneumatic orthosis prevented postural hypotension in all tested cases, facilitated urinary outflow, increased vital capacity and reduced spasms related to postural changes.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of chronic alcohol intake on hepatic fibrosis and granulomas in murine schistosomiasis mansoni.

In consideration of the vast prevalence of schistosomiasis and heavy alcohol consumption in many parts of the world, the possibility of an interaction between these two conditions inducing liver disease was studied in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Alcohol consumption significantly reduced by 25% the mean granuloma diameter and by about 60% the extent of fibrous tissue deposition determined chemically as hydroxyproline. DNA, as an expression of the inflammatory and cellular components of the granulomatous reaction in the infected animals, was also significantly reduced by alcohol consumption. These results indicate the need for epidemiological studies in the clinical manifestations and course of schistosomiasis in human alcoholics.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autonomic dysfunction associated with locked-in syndrome in a child.

This is a report of a young boy with the unusual combination of autonomic dysfunction with locked-in syndrome following multiple shunt revisions for hydrocephalus. A review of the literature on autonomic dysfunction syndrome and the complex clinical picture of the combined syndromes in a pediatric patient are discussed. The marked effectiveness of treatment with carbidopa/levodopa over bromocriptine for both syndromes is noted.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heterotopic ossification: are range of motion exercises contraindicated?

The incidence, time of onset, and role of exercise in the progression of heterotopic ossification were documented retrospectively in burn patients. In 12 of 1,066 patients (1.2%) consecutively admitted to a burn center, the abnormal bone formed posteriorly around the elbow joint. The initial signs were localized joint pain and rapid decrease in range of motion, and the average time of onset was 12 weeks after thermal injury. Prior to the diagnosis of heterotopic ossification, all patients were managed with an exercise program of active and active-assisted movements. In patients who persisted with passive and active-assisted range of motion, especially beyond the range of pain-free movements, the ossification progressed to complete ankylosis and required surgical intervention to remove the heterotopic bone. On the other hand, postoperative patients and patients who followed a program of active exercise within the pain-free range gained excellent range of motion. It was concluded that passive stretching of the periarticular structures during the acute phase of heterotopic bone formation is detrimental to the final outcome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Replantation and amputation of digits: user analysis.

There now is extensive literature on the survival and function of replanted digits but little on the function of the hand as a whole after this procedure, as opposed to amputations. In our review of the literature, we found almost nothing on the patient's perspective of the outcome from these procedures. This study was a preliminary attempt to study the outcome of these procedures from the patient's viewpoint. There were nine replantations and ten amputations of digits in the final study groups, based on medical record screening and patient questionnaires. Multivariate analysis, Hotelling T2, was used to test significant differences between the variables in the two groups. Significant differences were found in the two groups. The replantations had longer lengths of treatment and therapy, were off work longer (34.4 wk of therapy and 40 wk off work), and rated their function poorer compared with amputations. The patients with digit amputations had 7.2 wk of therapy and lost 6.8 wk of work. Ninety percent of the amputees rated their function as good or excellent, in contrast to 44.4% of the replantation patients. These findings are supported by existing literature that suggests that single-digit replants do not help with function of the whole hand, which is the therapeutic aim.

Absenteeism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculosis incidence in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland--a collaborative study.

We examined the incidence of tuberculosis in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland for 1991 using the Census of Population for both jurisdictions, data from a National Survey of Tuberculosis for 1991 for the Republic and examination of nominal notification data for Northern Ireland. We showed that there is a significantly higher incidence of TB in the Republic of Ireland. More cases were reported (p < 1.0 x 10(-7)) as were more bacteriologically proven cases (p < 1.0 x 10(-7)). The difference was true for each of the following age groups (< 15 years, 15-35 years, 35-54 years and > 55 years) but it is noteworthy that areas in the Republic which make use of neonatal BCG vaccine did not have a significantly different rate of tuberculosis for individuals less than 15 years (p = 0.34) compared to Northern Ireland.

Adolescent↗