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Biomedical subjects

G Vardi

Publications and source records attributed to G Vardi.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Alcohol and suicidal behavior in adolescents.

This review describes epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, treatment and prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescents. As one of the leading causes of death of young adults, adolescent suicide has become a public health problem and an increase in the adolescent suicide rate has been observed over the past several decades. One important risk factor thought to contribute to the recent rise in suicidal behavior among young adults is increasing alcohol abuse among adolescents. The link between alcohol and suicide in adolescents is complicated and multiple risk factors are important in explaining and understanding suicidal behavior among adolescents. Comorbid psychopathology, which is common among adolescent alcohol abusers, substantially increases the risk for suicide behavior. Availability of alcohol and guns at home may also contribute to suicide risk in adolescents. Studies of stress hormones, brain neurotransmitters, hereditary factors, behavioral measures and gender differences shed light in understanding this complex phenomenon. Ideally, treatment of adolescents who receive a diagnosis of an alcohol use disorder and co-occurring suicidality should follow an integrated protocol that addresses both conditions. Future studies of psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of suicidality in adolescents with alcohol and/or substance abuse are merited.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Early complications of unicompartmental knee replacement: the Droitwich experience.

A total of 185 patients underwent unicompartmental knee replacements (UKR) in 206 knees over a period of 5 years. This is a retrospective look at the early results and a comment on the complications seen within the first year in these patients. Patient selection and technical error were responsible for the bulk of the complications seen within the first year post-operatively.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Transient osteoporosis of the knee.

We report 12 cases of transient osteoporosis in 10 patients. The presenting symptoms, diagnostic investigations and management are considered here as well as a discussion on the aetiology and the pathology. Arthroscopic surgery was carried out in some of the patients to exclude intraarticular pathology. Resolution of symptoms occurred in all patients within 6 months and the MRI findings returned to normal.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

Prognostic implications of myocardial contractile reserve in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to assess the prognostic implications of myocardial contractile reserve (MCR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. BACKGROUND: MCR during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) identifies viable myocardium that may improve in function after revascularization. Whether revascularization influences prognosis of patients with MCR has not been determined. METHODS: We performed DSE in 80 patients with CAD and LV dysfunction (ejection fraction < or =40%). Viable myocardium was defined in dysfunctional myocardial segments as enhanced thickening and contraction during low-dose dobutamine (5 to 10 mcg/kg/min). Serial prospective follow-up was obtained in all patients (mean follow-up 2.2 +/- 1.1 years). RESULTS: Among 52 patients treated medically, there were 20 cardiac deaths. By multivariate analysis, the number of dysfunctional segments demonstrating MCR was the strongest predictor of survival (p < 0.03). Patients with MCR had better initial survival during medical therapy than did those without MCR, but this survival advantage was not maintained beyond three years. In contrast, survival was excellent in patients with MCR who underwent myocardial revascularization. Among 58 patients with MCR in > or =5 myocardial segments, survival at three years was 93 +/- 6% in the 24 patients who were revascularized but only 49 +/- 15% in the 34 treated medically (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial contractile reserve is a significant predictor of survival in patients with CAD and LV dysfunction undergoing medical therapy. Although patients with MCR have an initial survival advantage, this advantage is lost over the course of three years. In contrast, survival in patients with significant MCR is enhanced by revascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Orthodox Jews have a lower incidence of malignant melanoma. A note on the potentially protective role of traditional clothing.

The incidence of malignant melanoma (MM) in orthodox and non-orthodox Jews in Israel during the years 1970-1982 was compared through an assessment of incidence rates in the orthodox and non-orthodox neighborhoods in the city of Jerusalem and by a comparison of the rates in 2 cities on the outskirts of Tel Aviv, one of which has a strongly orthodox population. Within the city of Jerusalem the incidence of MM for the European-American born in the orthodox neighborhoods was significantly lower than in the rest of the city in males, and of borderline significance in females. A similar pattern was seen upon comparison of the orthodox city of Bnei Brak to its neighbor city, Givatayim. The findings are consistent with the role of sun exposure in the etiology of malignant melanoma.

Clothing↗
PubMed1993

[Rett syndrome].

Rett syndrome was described relatively recently. It affects only females and is characterized by progressive deterioration of neurological status and impairment of psychomotor development. Psychomotor development is normal in the first year of life, but then there is deterioration of fine motor and language skills and later still, of gross motor skills. This results in severe motor function handicap and dementia. The arrested head growth, severe psychomotor retardation and typical "washing hands" movements are typical of Rett syndrome. We describe a 3-year-old Bedouin girl with the clinical picture of the syndrome and review the world literature, stressing the difficulty in detection and diagnosis.

Child, Preschool↗